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The effect of fresh and used ankle taping on lower limb biomechanics in sports specific movements
We aimed to investigate the effects of ankle taping on lower extremity biomechanics related to injury development and how these effects change after sports-specific use.
Randomized, repeated measures design with three conditions: Barefoot, tape applied fresh, and tape after sports-specific use (between-subject factor: sex).
Twenty-five healthy participants (ten female) performed sports-specific movements, including running, drop jumping, and 180° change of direction, under the three conditions. Kinetic and kinematic data were collected using 3D motion capturing and force platforms.
Tape applied fresh and tape after sports-specific use significantly reduced peak ankle inversion. Biomechanical risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament or running overuse injuries were either unchanged or decreased with tape applied fresh, except for the peak loading rate of the resultant ground reaction force, which increased between 4% and 18% between movement types. After 15 minutes of sports-specific use of the tape, the alterations induced by tape applied fresh remained for some biomechanical risk factors while they became closer to barefoot again for others, indicating a differential response to prolonged use of taping for different biomechanical variables.
Ankle taping protects the ankle joint by reducing biomechanical risk factors associated with ankle sprains, and most biomechanical risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament or running overuse injuries are not increased. Further research is needed to explore the duration of protective effects, variations across sports, and its impact on patients with chronic ankle instability, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of ankle taping's influence on lower extremity biomechanics.
Journal Article
Run for your life
\"The first running book by [the] ... creator of the Air Force's Efficient Running program--the result of more than three decades of study, practice, and science that shows us [that you can] ... run efficiently and injury-free, whether you're in your 20s, 60s or 70s. For beginning runners and experienced marathoners\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Comparison of Weekly Training Load and Acute: Chronic Workload Ratio Methods to Estimate Change in Training Load in Running
Before examining the impact of training load on injury risk in runners, it is important to gain insight into the differences between methods that are used to measure change in training load.
To investigate differences between 4 methods when calculating change in training load: (1) weekly training load; (2) acute : chronic workload ratio (ACWR), coupled rolling average (RA); (3) ACWR, uncoupled RA; (4) ACWR, exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA).
Descriptive epidemiology study.
This study is part of a randomized controlled trial on running injury prevention among recreational runners. Runners received a baseline questionnaire and a request to share global positioning system training data.
Runners who registered for running events (distances 10-42.195 km) in the Netherlands.
The primary outcome measure was the predefined significant increase in training load (weekly training loads ≥ 30% progression and ACWRs ≥ 1.5), based on training distance. Proportional Venn diagrams visualized the differences between the methods.
A total of 430 participants (73.3% men; mean age = 44.3 ± 12.2 years) shared their global positioning system training data for a total of 22 839 training sessions. For the weekly training load, coupled RA, uncoupled RA, and EWMA method, respectively, 33.4% (95% CI = 32.8, 34.0), 16.2% (95% CI = 15.7, 16.6), 25.8% (95% CI = 25.3, 26.4), and 18.9% (95% CI = 18.4, 19.4) of the training sessions were classified as significant increases in training load. Of the training sessions with significant increases in training load, 43.0% from the weekly training load method were different than the coupled RA and EWMA methods. Training sessions with significant increases in training load based on the coupled RA method showed 100% overlap with the uncoupled RA and EWMA methods.
The difference in the change in training load measured by weekly training load and ACWR methods was high. To validate an appropriate measure of change in training load in runners, future research on the association between training loads and running-related injury risk is needed.
Journal Article
Interactions Between Running Volume and Running Pace and Injury Occurrence in Recreational Runners: A Secondary Analysis
The combination of excessive increases in running pace and volume is essential to consider when investigating associations between running and running-related injury.
To complete a secondary analysis, using a dataset from a randomized trial, to evaluate the interactions between relative or absolute weekly changes in running volume and running pace on the occurrence of running injuries among a cohort of injury-free recreational runners in Denmark.
Prospective cohort study.
Running volume and pace were collected during a 24-week follow-up using global positioning systems data. Training data were used to calculate relative and absolute weekly changes in running volume and pace.
A total of 586 recreational runners were included in the analysis. All participants were injury free at baseline.
Running-related injury was the outcome. Injury data were collected weekly using a modified version of the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre questionnaire. Risk difference (RD) was the measure of injury risk.
A total of 133 runners sustained running-related injuries. A relative weekly change of progression >10% in running volume and progression in running pace (RD = 8.1%, 95% CI = -9.3%, 25.6%) and an absolute weekly change of progression >5 km in running volume and progression in running pace (RD = 5.2%, 95% CI = -12.0%, 22.5%) were not associated with a statistically significant positive interaction.
Given that coaches, clinicians, and athletes may agree that excessive increases in running pace and running volume are important contributors to injury development, we analyzed the interaction between them. Although we did not identify a statistically significant positive interaction on an additive scale in runners who progressed both running pace and running volume, readers should be aware that an interaction is an important analytical approach that could be applied to other datasets in future publications.
Journal Article
Diagnoses and time to recovery among injured recreational runners in the RUN CLEVER trial
The purpose of the present study was to describe the incidence proportion of different types of running-related injuries (RRI) among recreational runners and to determine their time to recovery.
A sub-analysis of the injured runners included in the 839-person, 24-week randomized trial named Run Clever. During follow-up, the participants reported levels of pain in different anatomical areas on a weekly basis. In case injured, runners attended a clinical examination at a physiotherapist, who provided a diagnosis, e.g., medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS), Achilles tendinopathy (AT), patellofemoral pain (PFP), iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) and plantar fasciopathy (PF). The diagnose-specific injury proportions (IP) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using descriptive statistics. The time to recovery was defined as the time from the first registration of pain until total pain relief in the same anatomical area. It was reported as medians and interquartile range (IQR) if possible.
A total of 140 runners were injured at least once leading to a 24-week cumulative injury proportion of 32% [95% CI: 26%; 37%]. The diagnoses with the highest incidence proportion were MTSS (IP = 16% [95% CI: 9.3%; 22.9%], AT (IP = 8.9% [95% CI: 3.6%; 14.2%], PFP (IP = 8% [95% CI: 3.0%; 13.1%]. The median time to recovery for all types of injuries was 56 days (IQR = 70 days). Diagnose-specific time-to-recoveries included 70 days (IQR = 89 days) for MTSS, 56 days (IQR = 165 days) for AT, 49 days (IQR = 63 days) for PFP.
The most common running injuries among recreational runners were MTSS followed by AT, PFP, ITBS and PF. In total, 77 injured participants recovered their RRI and the median time to recovery for all types of injuries was 56 days and MTSS was the diagnosis with the longest median time to recovery, 70 days.
Journal Article
Healthy running step by step : self-guided methods for injury-free running: training, technique, nutrition, rehab
Healthy Running Step by Step will help runners of all ages and abilities understand why running injuries occur, how to prevent them, and how to speed up recovery. Injuries plague the majority of runners, wrecking training plans and cutting running careers short by decades, but they are not inevitable.
Book
Clinical implications from daily physiotherapy examination of 131 acute hamstring injuries and their association with running speed and rehabilitation progression
AimTo investigate the association of daily clinical measures and the progression of rehabilitation and perceived running effort.MethodsA cohort of 131 athletes with an MRI-confirmed acute hamstring injury underwent a standardised criteria-based rehabilitation protocol. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to investigate the association between daily clinical subjective and objective measures and both the progression of rehabilitation and perceived running effort. These measures included different strength, palpation, flexibility and functional tests. Inter-rater and intrarater reliability and minimal detectable change were established for the clinical measures of strength and flexibility by examining measures taken on consecutive days for the uninjured leg.ResultsThe progression of the daily measures was seen to be non-linear and varied according to the measure. Intra-rater reliability for the strength and flexibility measures were excellent (95% CI ≥0.85 for all measures). Strength (in the outer range position) and flexibility (in maximum hip flexion with active knee extension (MHFAKE) in supine) were best associated with rehabilitation progression and perceived running effort. Additionally, length of pain on palpation was usefully associated with rehabilitation progression. At lower perceived running effort there was a large variation in actual running speed.ConclusionDaily physical measures of palpation pain, outer range strength, MHFAKE and reported pain during daily activity are useful to inform the progression of rehabilitation.Trial registration numberNCT01812564 and NCT02104258.
Journal Article