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The spy who was left behind : Russia, the United States, and the true story of the betrayal and assassination of a CIA agent
\"On August 8, 1993, a single bullet to the head killed Freddie Woodruff, the Central Intelligence Agency's station chief in the former Soviet Republic of Georgia. Within hours, police had a suspect--a vodka-soaked village bumpkin named Anzor Sharmaidze. A tidy explanation quickly followed: It was a tragic accident. US diplomats hailed Georgia's swift work, and both countries breathed a sigh of relief. Yet the bullet that killed Woodruff was never found and key witnesses have since retracted their testimony, saying they were beaten and forced to identify Sharmaidze. But if he didn't do it, who did? Those who don't buy the official explanation think the answer lies in the spy games that played out on Russia's frontier following the 1991 collapse of the Soviet Union. Woodruff was an early actor in a dangerous drama. American spies were moving into newborn nations previously dominated by Soviet intelligence. Russia's security apparatus, resentful and demoralized, was in turmoil, its nominal loyalty to a pro-Western course set by President Boris Yeltsin, shredded by hardline spooks and generals who viewed the Americans as a menace. At the time when Woodruff was stationed there, Georgia was a den of intrigue. It had a big Russian military base and was awash with former and not-so-former Soviet agents. Shortly before Woodruff was shot, veteran CIA officer Aldrich Ames--who would soon be unmasked as a KGB mole--visited him on agency business. In short order, Woodruff would be dead and Ames, in prison for life. Buckle up, because The Spy Who Was Left Behind reveals the full-throttle, little-known thrilling tale\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
An analysis of the potential jurisdiction of an international criminal tribunal for the prosecution of the crime of aggression in the Russo-Ukrainian War
Since Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, there have been calls for Moscow's political and military leadership to be prosecuted for the crime of aggression. Due to the International Criminal Court's inability to prosecute Russian nationals for aggression, efforts have turned to the creation of a \"Russian Aggression Tribunal\" for the task. However, proponents of the Tribunal have generally failed to articulate its jurisdictional basis in clear terms, in part because of the unclear terminology currently used to describe the jurisdiction of international criminal tribunals. This article seeks to clarify the orthodox jurisdictional bases of international criminal tribunals - emphasising the principle of non-intervention and the importance of consent to the extraterritorial exercise of a prescriptive criminal jurisdiction - and applies this approach to the proposed Russian Aggression Tribunal. The article argues that the Russian Aggression Tribunal would likely be required to prosecute the crime of aggression with reference to Ukraine's objective territorial jurisdiction or universal jurisdiction. Whilst the prosecution of Russian leaders for the invasion of Ukraine is not impossible under international law as it exists today, the task is more legally complex and practically challenging than supporters of the Tribunal have made out.
Journal Article
Galvanizing Nostalgia?
Galvanizing Nostalgia?
explores critical questions for the survival of Russia in
its nominally federal form. Will Russia fall apart along
the lines of its internal republics, as did the Soviet Union? Based
on cultural anthropology field and historical research in major
republics of Eastern Siberia-Sakha (Yakutia), Buryatia, and Tyva
(Tuva)-this book highlights Indigenous concerns about
self-determination.
Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer suggests that a fragile and
disorganized dynamic of nested sovereignties has developed within
Russia. Ecology activism has grown, given new threats to the
environment and accelerating climate challenges, especially in the
Arctic. Focus on strategically chosen republics enables comparing
and contrasting interethnic relations, language politics, and the
salience of gender, demography, resource competition, environmental
degradation, and increased spirituality. Republics vary in their
neocolonial relationships to Moscow authorities. Some local
leaders, such as a politicized shaman, use nostalgia for cultural
achievements to galvanize citizens. Since the Soviet Union
collapsed, cultural and political revitalization have been
relatively more viable, although still difficult, in areas where
Siberians have their own republics.
eBook
The Rise of Russia and the Fall of the Soviet Empire
This is the first work to set one of the great bloodless revolutions of the twentieth century in its proper historical context. John Dunlop pays particular attention to Yeltsin's role in opposing the covert resurgence of Communist interests in post-coup Russia, and faces the possibility that new institutions may not survive long enough to sink roots in a traditionally undemocratic culture.
eBook
Migration, displacement and identity in post-soviet Russia
Upon the collapse of the Soviet Union, around 25 million ethnic Russians found themselves politically and culturally displaced, forming a new 'Russian minority' in each of the newly independent states. Since then, around 3 million Russians have either chosen or been forced to return to Russia... Using completely new empirical data drawn from in-depht interviews with almost 200 forced migrants and refugees, the author's extensively researched study explores the experience of reintegration from the perspective of those displaced. She asks how the experience of these self-confessed 'other' Russians informs an understanding of contemporary Russian society and, in particular, the problematic reconstruction of a post-Soviet Russian identity. The study also places the experience of Russian returnees in the context of the wider political significance of the Russian 'diaspora' question. In so doing it develops a critical appraisal of current Russian Federation and regional migration policy. (DIPF/orig.).
eBook
Russian Orthodoxy Resurgent
Russian Orthodoxy Resurgentis the first book to fully explore the expansive and ill-understood role that Russia's ancient Christian faith has played in the fall of Soviet Communism and in the rise of Russian nationalism today. John and Carol Garrard tell the story of how the Orthodox Church's moral weight helped defeat the 1991 coup against Gorbachev launched by Communist Party hardliners. The Soviet Union disintegrated, leaving Russians searching for a usable past. The Garrards reveal how Patriarch Aleksy II--a former KGB officer and the man behind the church's successful defeat of the coup--is reconstituting a new national idea in the church's own image.
In the new Russia, the former KGB who run the country--Vladimir Putin among them--proclaim the cross, not the hammer and sickle. Meanwhile, a majority of Russians now embrace the Orthodox faith with unprecedented fervor. The Garrards trace how Aleksy orchestrated this transformation, positioning his church to inherit power once held by the Communist Party and to become the dominant ethos of the military and government. They show how the revived church under Aleksy prevented mass violence during the post-Soviet turmoil, and how Aleksy astutely linked the church with the army and melded Russian patriotism and faith.
Russian Orthodoxy Resurgentargues that the West must come to grips with this complex and contradictory resurgence of the Orthodox faith, because it is the hidden force behind Russia's domestic and foreign policies today.
eBook
China in the Russian mind today: Ambivalence and defeatism
This article describes the ambivalence of Russian attitudes toward China at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Russians of all strata combine a willingness to see China as a friendly neighbour with a high level of fear of the giant that could swallow much of the country whole, especially the Asian part. The article pays special attention to the split in Russian views of China among elites. While some elites, who have strong anti-American attitudes, see China as a major ally against the United States, others call on the government to treat the United States as the single force that can help Russia protect the integrity of its territory against China, whose people still do not recognise the existing borders between the two countries.
Journal Article
The right to conscientious objection to military service in Russia during full-scale war
In the three years since the Russian invasion of Ukraine massive casualties have occurred on both sides. While information on the situation in Ukraine is available the situation in Russia is more opaque. It is difficult to know what impact the enormous casualties have had on the Russian population as increasingly draconian legislation has been passed to stifle critics. But there have remained avenues of resistance to participation in the invasion. One of these is to assert the rights to conscientious objection embedded in the Russian Constitution. This right is being undermined but as this report details there are still Russians attempting to assert their rights to conscientious objection in military tribunals and courts with some limited successes, despite the risk of punitive treatment.
Report
The health of populations living in the indigenous minority settlements of northern Yakutia
This monograph contains the results of a study carried out by the Yakutsk Research Center for Complex Medical Problems, \"Evaluating the health of the indigenous minorities of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) and optimizing medical assistance using innovative technologies and telemedicine in indigenous settlements.\" The child population was studied in 19 indigenous minority settlements, and the adult population was studied in 12 settlements.
Journal Article