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Monitoring and evaluation as critical approach to enhance the performance of local government: South Africa
The present study undertakes an analysis of monitoring and evaluation as a pragmatic methodology for enhancing the efficacy of municipalities in the context of South Africa. Research findings indicate that a significant obstacle faced by South African municipalities is the issue of substandard performance. These aspects can be linked to several reasons, such as inadequate allocation of resources, limitations in capacity, and deficiencies in monitoring and assessment processes. This article posits that the use of monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is crucial in addressing instances of suboptimal performance within municipalities. There exists a necessity to enhance the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems in order to attain efficient performance management and ensure the provision of high-quality service delivery. The research was conducted among three distinct municipalities, namely Amajuba, uThukela, and uMgungundlovu, located in the province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). The sample population comprised of municipal officials belonging to the Performance Management System (PMS) and Corporate Services units. The study employed a qualitative methodology and deliberately selected important participants who possessed knowledge and a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter under investigation. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the sample size consisted of 20 people. The researchers organized focus group conversations in order to gather data, which was subsequently controlled through the utilization of the NVivo software application. The findings of the study indicate that monitoring and evaluation (M&E) is a crucial component in enhancing the performance of local government. Its primary purpose is to establish the essential circumstances for achieving greater levels of performance that are sustainable over an extended period. Municipalities are required to demonstrate a firm dedication to the prioritization and adoption of municipal monitoring and evaluation (M&E) as an essential tool for facilitating progressive local governance. This commitment involves the institutionalization of M&E practices, the enforcement of mandatory adherence to established systems and procedures, the integration of information technology systems to enhance and fortify the implementation of M&E, and the utilization of participatory M&E approaches to assess the effectiveness of municipal functions and development endeavors.
Journal Article
Unsettled History : Making South African Public Pasts
\"Unsettled History\" examines how South African society and its public pasts were constructed and presented from Nelson Mandela's release in 1990 to South Africa's hosting of the 2010 FIFA World Cup. While this period is conventionally represented as a moment for the rectification of the silences and distortions of settler history through inclusion and recovery, this volume instead focuses on how the processes and locations of historicizing shifted and categories of framing history were unsettled in post-apartheid South Africa. It shows how this period saw a number of fundamental transformations in the order of knowledge: from the academy to the public; from popular history to public history; from history-as-lesson to history-as-forum. This volume is the outcome of the authors' intensive collaborative research and engagement over 25 years on questions including the production and performance of apartheid history; the cultural politics of social history; South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission and practices of orality; tourism as an arena of image-making and historical construction; museums as sites of heritage production for a new South Africa; photographs, archival meanings, and the construction of the social documentary; the centenary commemorations of the South African War and the making of race. The authors not only witnessed many of these instances of history-making but were also participants in their constitution.
Book
The influence of the immediate environment on parolee rehabilitation
In democratic South Africa, there has been a shift from the punishment of offenders to the rehabilitation approach and a change from prisons to correctional centres. Once someone becomes an offender, the person goes through rehabilitation and not punishment. This paper discusses the influence of the immediate environment on the rehabilitation of paroles in Brits area of North-West Province in South Africa, a poverty-stricken area with limited resources. A qualitative approach and an exploratory descriptive design were utilised to describe the parolees’ experiences of parole in a low-resourced community. One-on-one in-depth interviews were used to collect data which were then analysed thematically and backed by existing literature. The findings of the study showed that environmental factors play a role in offending and rehabilitation of offenders in low-resourced areas. The paper makes critical recommendations for consideration by parole officials and researchers to facilitate the effective rehabilitation of offenders in low-resourced areas.
Journal Article
Macroeconomic Determinants of South African Oil Prices: Evidence from Alternating Market Conditions
The introduction of the adaptive market hypothesis (AMH) allows for the review of the relationship between macroeconomic variables and oil prices, such that the relationship is said to alternate with bull and bear market conditions. In an attempt to contribute to the revised literature, the study examines the influence of macroeconomy on South African (SA) oil index returns. The study incorporates six macroeconomic factors (inflation, money supply, short-term interest rates, long-term interest rates, gross domestic product (GDP), and exchange rate) and SA oil price index returns for the period February 1996 to December 2024. Using the Two-State Markov regime switching mode, the findings indicate that macroeconomic variables have an alternating effect on SA oil index returns. It is evident when macroeconomic factors have a significant effect on SA oil index returns in a bull regime, the effect is insignificant in a bear regime. Hence, SA commodity market, more especially the oil market is not efficient as proposed by the efficient market hypothesis and is better model by asymmetrical models.
Journal Article
How long will South Africa survive?
In 1977, RW Johnson's best-selling How Long Will South Africa Survive? provided a controversial and highly original analysis of the survival prospects of the apartheid regime. Now, after more than twenty years of ANC rule, he believes the situation has become so critical that the question must be posed again. He moves from an analysis of Jacob Zuma's rule to the increasingly dire state of the South African economy, concluding that the country is heading towards a likely International Monetary Fund bail-out which will in turn lead to a regime change of some kind.
BOOK
Hedging Measures to Manage Shrinking Fiscus and High Interest Rate Risks to Optimize the Delivery of Affordable Housing in South Africa
The article seeks to provide innovative measures aimed at addressing the delivery of affordable housing market in South Africa in view of diminishing fiscus and rising interest rates. It defines the mortgage finance trends in South Africa through analysis of primary data from financial institutions to establish the level of activity and contrarians. Upon understanding the market challenges, the author recommends sound proposition with respect to engineering responsive interventions diversify with respect to demand and supply side blockages in the Affordable Housing Market in South Africa. Based on the findings, the author has found that interest rate increases have hurt the property market activity greatly and lenders in turn also apply very stringent underwriting standards at the height of high interest rate cycles. Furthermore, it has been established the mortgage credit impairments have increased resulting in significant credit loss as the majority of low- and middle-income households are overindebted and mortgage debtors are on the verge of being foreclosed on due to the risk of default. The article concludes by providing recommendations as interventions and measures aimed at upscaling the delivery of affordable housing in South Africa.
Journal Article
The Impact of Ethics on the Audit Quality of Firms in Sub-Sahara Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is a region characterised by unique challenges related to weak governance structures, inadequate regulatory frameworks, and limited resources. These challenges pose significant risks to audit quality, as they can compromise the independence, objectivity, and professional judgment of auditors. Moreover, the ethical values of the region can also have a significant impact on audit quality, as they shape the behaviour and attitudes of auditors and the firms they audit. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of ethics on audit quality among firms in SSA. The study uses a sample of 323 firms from 12 sub-Saharan African countries, covering the period from 2012 to 2021. The research design is quantitative, employing a panel data approach and regression analysis. The econometric model used to estimate the impact of ethics on audit quality was based on variables such as audit quality, ethical values, tenure, audit size, auditor reputation, firm size, return on assets, ownership structure and board independence. The data was collected from the World Economic Forum, Bloomberg Database and other sources. Regression results demonstrated a negative and insignificant impact of ethical values on audit quality. However, the tenure of auditors had a positive impact on audit quality. The results of this study suggest the importance of promoting ethical behaboiur and strengthening ethial standards in auditing profession in SSA.
Journal Article
Community engagement and policy making matrix: insights from Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa
Extant literature has addressed some components of community engagement with little or no connection with the dynamics of policymaking. Hence, the current paper explains the matrix of policy-making using the practice of community engagement with insights from Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality in South Africa. It discusses the theories of community engagement in policy formulation at the local level. An empirical nature of community engagement and policy formulation is subject to analysis with particular reference to the Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality in South Africa. Secondary data were sourced from the existing literature. The paper relies on the data suitability of extant studies. It reveals the policy-making matrix within the community engagement sphere. It therefore concludes that the City of Cape Town Metropolitan Municipality should view community engagement in public policy formulation as a tool to increase the legitimacy, transparency, accountability, support, and responsiveness of a particular policy.
Journal Article