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Range Wars
Established in south-central New Mexico at the end of World War II, White Sands Missile Range is the largest overland military reserve in the western hemisphere. It was the site of the first nuclear explosion, the birthplace of the American space program, and the primary site for testing U.S. missile capabilities.
In this environmental history of White Sands Missile Range, Ryan H. Edgington traces the uneasy relationships between the military, the federal government, local ranchers, environmentalists, state game and fish personnel, biologists and ecologists, state and federal political figures, hunters, and tourists after World War II-as they all struggled to define and productively use the militarized western landscape. Environmentalists, ranchers, tourists, and other groups joined together to transform the meaning and uses of this region, challenging the authority of the national security state to dictate the environmental and cultural value of a rural American landscape. As a result, White Sands became a locus of competing geographies informed not only by the far-reaching intellectual, economic, and environmental changes wrought by the cold war but also by regional history, culture, and traditions.
eBook
Beautiful destruction
\"Beautiful Destruction is a large-format, high-quality photography book that uses over 100 stunning, full-colour aerial photographs to transcend the polarities that dominate public discourse of the largest industrial project in North America: the Alberta oil/tar sands. With short essays by renowned personalities Bill McKibben, Charles Wilkinson, Duff Connacher, Elizabeth May, Eric Reguly, Ezra Levant, Jennifer Grant, Rick George, Gil McGowan, Allan Adam, Megan Leslie and Francis Scarpaleggia from both sides of the oil/tar sands debate discussing the artistic, industrial and environmental perceptions of northern Alberta's petroleum-based mega-project, Beautiful Destruction is one of the most ambitious, provocative and unique photography projects to be published in years.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Tar Wars
Tar Wars offers a critical inside look at how leading image-makers negotiate escalating tensions between continuous economic growth mandated by a globalized economic system and its unsustainable environmental costs. As place branding assumes paramount importance in an increasingly global, visual, and ecologically conscious society, an international battle unfolds over Alberta’s bituminous sands. This battle pits independent documentary filmmakers against professional communicators employed by government and the oil industry. Tar Wars engages scholars and students in communications, film, environmental studies, social psychology, PR, media and cultural studies, and petrocultures. This book also speaks to decision makers, activists, and citizens exploring intersections of energy, environment, culture, politics, economy, media and power.
eBook
Unsustainable oil : facts, counterfacts and fictions
\"Bitumen extraction is the lifeblood of Alberta, and there are many stories about the boom-and-bust economy. But what does literature have to say about the \"progress\" of petroculture? Jon Gordon maps out a new field of study by examining the relationship between culture and energy extraction, moving towards nuance and away from the entrenched rhetorical positions that currently dominate discussion. His examination of theoretical, political, and environmental issues in this groundbreaking book contribute to our understanding of the culture and the ethics of energy production within the Canadian context. Unsustainable Oil offers readers a chance to consider literature's potential in confronting the hegemony of the oil and gas industry, and will be particularly well-received by scholars and students of Cultural Studies, Literature, Ecocriticism, Energy Humanities, and Indigenous Studies.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Sand Transport Rate and Turbulent Fluctuation in Aeolian Transportation Over the Gobi Surface Under Extremely High Winds
There are no theoretical formulas that can accurately predict the sand transport rate (Qm) over the Gobi surface. We report herein high‐frequency field observations of wind‐blown sand processes over the Gobi surface under extremely high winds in eastern Xinjiang, China. The results reveal that the power‐law exponent of the scaling relationship between Qm and friction wind velocity (uτ) in the extremely high winds with high gravel coverage Gobi area can reach 15.51, significantly exceeding that on sandy surfaces. Meanwhile, there is a favorable power‐law between Qm and the fluctuation intensity of the vertical wind velocity (Iw), whereas the correlation between Qm and the streamwise fluctuation intensity (Iu) is weak. Therefore, Iw has a significant application in constructing the prediction model for Qm over such Gobi surfaces. This study provides a new insight into the quantitative analysis of the aeolian transport over the windy Gobi areas.
Journal Article
Scripting the environment : oil, democracy and the sands of time and space
\"This volume explores how to engage audiences both beyond and within the academy more deeply in environmental research through arts-based forms. It builds on a multi-pronged case study of scripts for documentary film, audio-visual and stage formats, focusing on how the identity of a place is constructed and contested in the face of environmental concerns around fossil-fuel extraction in a globalized, visual society--and specifically on the rising, international public-relations war over Alberta's stewardship of the tar sands. Each script is followed by discussion of the author's choices of initiating idea, research sources, format, voices, world of the story, structure and visual style, and other notes on the convergence of synthesis, analysis and (re)presentation in the script. Included are lively analysis and commentary on screenwriting and playwriting theory, the creation and dissemination of the scripts, and reflections to ground a proposed framework for writing eco-themed scripts for screen, audio-visual and stage formats.\"--Back cover.
Book
White‐sand Ecosystems in Amazonia
Vegetation on sandy soils, ranging from open grasslands and shrublands to closed‐canopy, thin‐trunked forests, can be found in patches throughout the Amazon. Despite variation in names, appearance, ecological correlates, and suggested origins, these ‘white‐sand ecosystems’ (WSE) share distinctive characteristics and biological communities. Here, in the first Amazon‐wide review of WSE, we review the variation in WSE and the factors underlying this variation. We present the most comprehensive Amazon‐wide map to date of WSE and calculate their total area. We find that WSE are still not completely mapped, and we use biological correlates as a proxy to indicate where white‐sand vegetation patches likely occur. Through our synthesis of the literature, we find that key factors, such as geologic origin, soil characteristics, hydrology, and fire regimes, vary widely and have differing impacts in different regions on vegetation structure and on floral, faunal, and fungal species composition. Although studies of WSE have increased dramatically in recent years, WSE in many parts of the Amazon remain understudied, and there is little synthesis of the interaction of factors across different areas. In response, we suggest priorities for future research. Finally, we find that WSE are inadequately protected and, where accessible, are regularly mined for sand, logged, or burned and cleared for agriculture. We argue that due to their island‐like distribution patterns and resultant complex metapopulation dynamics, their extremely slow recovery after disturbance, and their important contributions to basin‐wide diversity patterns and ecosystem services, WSE should be given special consideration in conservation efforts to ensure their persistence in Amazonia.
Journal Article
Analysis of the Causes and Treatment Measures of Sand Production in Tight Oil Wells
The A reservoir is a tight reservoir with low porosity and low permeability, and natural fractures are not developed, so it is necessary to add proppant to form oil and gas flow channels after large-scale fracture network fracturing to improve the permeability of formation, so as to obtain production, it also faces the problem of sand production. According to the production situation, 28 Wells with inconsistent performance were selected for sand flushing. After sand flushing, the output of 14 Wells increased, the output of 7 Wells did not meet the expectation, and 7 Wells did not produce sand. From the perspective of sand column height classification of vertical Wells, the higher the sand column, the better the effect of sand washing and oil increase. For sand production wells, it is considered that when crude oil carries sand and rises in the wellbore, its flowability becomes poor as the temperature falling, the sand column is gradually accumulated, blocking the wellbore, and the effect of sand washing is good. The sand surface is concentrated at the bottom of the well, without causing blockage to the wellbore, and has little impact on the flow of crude oil. The expected effect can not be achieved after sand flushing. Through comparative analysis, it is found that the main reasons for sand production in tight oil wells are high sand addition intensity, large absolute sand addition per well, increasing proportion of silty sand proppant application, discontinuous or unstable backflow process, long braising time and poor reservoir development. This article provides specific measures and suggestions for optimizing fracturing parameters, post fracturing diffusion time, blowout system, and sand control and solidification measures, which have good guiding significance for sand control in subsequent oil wells and ensure the safe production and operation of oil wells.
Journal Article