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\"This is the first book to address the fundamental operation principles, device characteristics, and potential applications of various types of adaptive lenses. Setting out from basic material properties to device structures and performance, this volume covers solid lens, membrane lens, electro-wetting lens, dielectric lens, mechanical-wetting lens, and liquid crystal lenses. Potential applications of these adaptive lenses are also investigated, including image processing and zooming, optical communications, and biomedical imaging. This is an important reference for optical engineers, research scientists, graduate students and undergraduate seniors\"--

Optics--a field of physics focusing on the study of light--is also central to many areas of biology, including vision, ecology, botany, animal behavior, neurobiology, and molecular biology. The Optics of Life introduces the fundamentals of optics to biologists and nonphysicists, giving them the tools they need to successfully incorporate optical measurements and principles into their research. Sönke Johnsen starts with the basics, describing the properties of light and the units and geometry of measurement. He then explores how light is created and propagates and how it interacts with matter, covering topics such as absorption, scattering, fluorescence, and polarization. Johnsen also provides a tutorial on how to measure light as well as an informative discussion of quantum mechanics.

Computational Colour Science Using MATLAB 2nd Edition offers a practical, problem-based approach to colour physics. The book focuses on the key issues encountered in modern colour engineering, including efficient representation of colour information, Fourier analysis of reflectance spectra and advanced colorimetric computation. Emphasis is placed on the practical applications rather than the techniques themselves, with material structured around key topics. These topics include colour calibration of visual displays, computer recipe prediction and models for colour-appearance prediction. Each topic is carefully introduced at three levels to aid student understanding. First, theoretical ideas and background information are discussed, then explanations of mathematical solutions follow and finally practical solutions are presented using MATLAB. The content includes: * A compendium of equations and numerical data required by the modern colour and imaging scientist. * Numerous examples of solutions and algorithms for a wide-range of computational problems in colour science. * Example scripts using the MATLAB programming language. This 2nd edition contains substantial new and revised material, including three innovative chapters on colour imaging, psychophysical methods, and physiological colour spaces; the MATLAB toolbox has been extended with a professional, optimized, toolbox to go alongside the current teaching toolbox; and a java toolbox has been added which will interest users who are writing web applications and/or applets or mobile phone applications. Computational Colour Science Using MATLAB 2nd Edition is an invaluable resource for students taking courses in colour science, colour chemistry and colour physics as well as technicians and researchers working in the area. In addition, it acts a useful reference for professionals and researchers working in colour dependent industries such as textiles, paints, print & electronic imaging. Review from First Edition: \"…highly recommended as a concise introduction to the practicalities of colour science…\" (Color Technology, 2004)

Thermal noise from optical coatings is a growing area of concern and overcoming limits to the sensitivity of high precision measurements by thermal noise is one of the greatest challenges faced by experimental physicists. In this timely book, internationally renowned scientists and engineers examine our current theoretical and experimental understanding. Beginning with the theory of thermal noise in mirrors and substrates, subsequent chapters discuss the technology of depositing coatings and state-of-the-art dielectric coating techniques used in precision measurement. Applications and remedies for noise reduction are also covered. Individual chapters are dedicated to specific fields where coating thermal noise is a particular concern, including the areas of quantum optics/optomechanics, gravitational wave detection, precision timing, high-precision laser stabilisation via optical cavities and cavity quantum electrodynamics. While providing full mathematical detail, the text avoids field-specific jargon, making it a valuable resource for readers with varied backgrounds in modern optics.

Since the early days of nonlinear optics in the 1960s, the field has expanded dramatically, and is now a vast and vibrant field with countless technological applications. Providing a gentle introduction to the principles of the subject, this textbook is ideal for graduate students starting their research in this exciting area. After basic ideas have been outlined, the book offers a thorough analysis of second harmonic generation and related second-order processes, before moving on to third-order effects, the nonlinear optics of short optical pulses and coherent effects such as electromagnetically-induced transparency. A simplified treatment of high harmonic generation is presented at the end. More advanced topics, such as the linear and nonlinear optics of crystals, the tensor nature of the nonlinear coefficients and their quantum mechanical representation, are confined to specialist chapters so that readers can focus on basic principles before tackling these more difficult aspects of the subject.

\"The book is concerned with the theory, background, and practical use of transmission electron microscopes with lens correctors that can correct the effects of spherical aberration. The book also covers a comparison with aberration correction in the TEM and applications of analytical aberration corrected STEM in materials science and biology. This book is essential for microscopists involved in nanoscale and materials microanalysis especially those using scanning transmission electron microscopy, and related analytical techniques such as electron diffraction x-ray spectrometry (EDXS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS)\"-- \"The book will be concerned with the theory, background and practical use of transmission electron microscopes with lens correctors which can correct for the effects of spherical aberration\"--

Over the past two decades, optical amplifiers have become of key importance in modern communications. In addition to this, the technology has applications in cutting-edge research such as biophotonics and lab-on-a-chip devices. This book provides a comprehensive treatment of the fundamental concepts, theory and analytical techniques behind the modern optical amplifier technology. The book covers all major optical amplification schemes in conventional materials, including the Raman and parametric gain processes. The final chapter is devoted to optical gain in metamaterials, a topic that has been attracting considerable attention in recent years. The authors emphasize analytical insights to give a deeper, more intuitive understanding of various amplification schemes. The book assumes background knowledge of electrical engineering or applied physics, including exposure to electrodynamics and wave motion, and is ideal for graduate students and researchers in physics, optics, bio-optics and communications.

A comprehensive manual on the efficient modeling and analysis of photonic devices through building numerical codes, this book provides graduate students and researchers with the theoretical background and MATLAB programs necessary for them to start their own numerical experiments. Beginning by summarizing topics in optics and electromagnetism, the book discusses optical planar waveguides, linear optical fiber, the propagation of linear pulses, laser diodes, optical amplifiers, optical receivers, finite-difference time-domain method, beam propagation method and some wavelength division devices, solitons, solar cells and metamaterials. Assuming only a basic knowledge of physics and numerical methods, the book is ideal for engineers, physicists and practising scientists. It concentrates on the operating principles of optical devices, as well as the models and numerical methods used to describe them.

By using gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) as an optical near-field source under far-field illumination in combination with a silver (Ag) ion solution containing a photoinitiator, we coated Ag on Au NPs using a near-field (NF)-assisted process. We evaluated the change in the size of the NPs using transmission electron microscopy. Evaluation of the synthesized Ag volume over illumination power confirmed the squared power dependence of the NP volume with illumination using 808 nm light, i.e., a wavelength longer than the absorption edge wavelength of the photoinitiator molecules. The rate of volume increase was much lower than the plasmonic field enhancement effect. Therefore, the squared power dependency of the volume increase using a wavelength longer than the absorption edge wavelength originated from NF-assisted second-harmonic generation and the resulting excitation.

This book is a comprehensive introduction on infrared anti-transparent materials and their applications in anti-reflective and protective coatings.Optical, mechanical and thermal properties and preparations of various kinds of films, such as amorphous diamond films, germanium carbide films, boron phosphide films, alumina films and yttrium oxide.