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Transforming Teacher Education
Teacher education has a central role in the improvement of educational systems around the world but what do the teacher educators in universities and colleges actually do? Day-to-day, how do they support the learning and development of the thousands of new teachers we need every year? And why does this matter? Drawing on recent research by the authors, situated in the growing international literature, Transforming Teacher Education puts these questions in cultural and historical context and offers a practical answer in the form of an original agenda for the transformation of current conditions in teacher education with future designs for practice. Viv Ellis and Jane McNicholl argue that the academic work of teacher education needs to be reconfigured in order to stimulate the renewal of the profession of teaching and to develop new modes of educational research that will have impact on practice as well as building the discipline of Education within the universities. They offer suggestions for future designs for teacher education, drawing not only on the latest research in teacher learning and development but from across the social sciences.
eBook
Developing the expertise of primary and elementary classroom teachers : professional learning for a changing world
\"Developing the Expertise of Primary and Elementary Classroom Teachers challenges many current assumptions about primary education. Tony Eaude draws on the experiences of teachers at a range of career phases to show how primary classroom teachers need a wide repertoire of strategies and a flexible, reciprocal and intuitive approach to planning, assessment and teaching. He explores the way in which a deep understanding of how young children learn is needed, and an ability to create an inclusive environment, caring relationships and teachers attuned to children are essential. He shows that many of these elements are learned over time, through regular, sustained, contextualised opportunities, relating theory and practice, with the years soon after qualification particularly significant. Eaude argues that the constraints on manifesting expertise, many of which are emotional, must be overcome to develop qualities such as confidence and resilience, encourage informed intuition and create a secure professional identity. He highlights that the professional knowledge and judgement required in complex, changing situations is acquired and refined mainly through guided practice and experience backed by reflection and engagement with research. He emphasises the need for supportive professional learning communities and for policy to enable rather than constrain primary classroom teachers' enthusiasm, creativity and willingness to innovate, and an enriched apprenticeship model - using a mixture of processes, including observation of other teachers, practice, mentoring, case studies and discussion in professional communities\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Innovations in Practice Learning
As a practice educator, do you sometimes encounter difficulties in supporting individual students through placement? This book is a handy companion of innovative practice to help you through those times.
eBook
Teaching and Learning through Reflective Practice
Now in its second edition, Teaching and Learning through Reflective Practice is a practical guide to enable all those involved in educational activities to learn through the practices of reflection. The book highlights the power that those responsible for teaching and learning have to appraise, understand and positively transform their teaching. Seeing the teacher as a reflective learner, the book emphasises a strengths-based approach in which positivity, resilience, optimism and high performance can help invigorate teaching, enhance learning and allow the teacher to reach their full potential. This approach busts the myth that reflection on problems and deficits is the only way to better performance.
The approach of this new edition is an ‘appreciative’ one. At its heart is the exploration and illustration of four reflective questions:
What’s working well?
What needs changing?
What are we learning?
Where do we go from here?
With examples drawn from UK primary teacher education, the book reveals how appreciative reflective conversations can be initiated and sustained. It also sets out a range of practical processes for amplifying success. This book will be a must have for undergraduate and PGCE students on initial teacher training programmes. It will also interest practising teachers, teacher educators and those on continuing professional development courses.
Chapter 1. Some major developments in reflective practice Chapter 2. Being a reflective practitioner Chapter 3. Some views of the nature of reflection-on-practice Chapter 4. A strengths-based reflective practice Chapter 5. Reflection-on-values Chapter 6. Voicing concerns and asking questions Chapter 7. Evidence-based reflective practice Chapter 8. Reflection-on-context: Partnership in Practice Chapter 9. Reflections on the Whole: Thinking Again
Tony Ghaye is an expert in positive psychology. He is Director of a not-for-profit social enterprise called Reflective Learning-UK (www.reflectivepractices.co.uk). He has experience as a school teacher, school leader and teacher educator. He is also editor-in-Chief of the international, peer reviewed journal Reflective Practice (Routledge).
eBook
Teachers' professional development on problem solving : theory and practice for teachers and teacher educators
Efficient problem-solving skill is one of the fundamental competencies teachers need to possess. In many problematic cases it is not enough to deal with the symptoms, but teachers need to go deeper. This book provides a theoretical and practical background for this step-by-step problem solving-oriented thinking process. The practical activities can help teachers to frame and identify their challenges, to analyse the cause and effect of their situation, and also to find their own solutions and strategies. The material in this book can be used in pre-service or in-service teacher training that deal with pedagogic cases, or challenges of teaching and learning processes. However, most of the tools can also be used individually by teachers at any stage of their career, including any type of compulsory education, thanks to the clear description of each technique.
Book
Pursuing Teaching Excellence in Higher Education
Teaching excellence is a topic of international significance, having importance for higher education worldwide, yet is generally considered to be poorly defined and understood. The current discourse of teaching excellence is narrowly framed, instrumental and performative, with an onus on measurement and quantification. Rallying against this narrowness, Wood and Su unpack the notion of excellence in higher education and argue for a rethinking, seeking to connect with ideas of the value of higher education in a democratic society and proposing an approach which promotes the inclusion of understandings from the perspectives of higher education stakeholders. They examine teaching excellence through different lenses by engaging a plurality of stakeholder perspectives, including higher education institutions, academics, students, employers and parents, and highlight the importance of engaging different stakeholders in discussions about teaching excellence in higher education. Whilst creating the conditions for public debate and stakeholder engagement is challenging, the authors argue that it is a vital task, and especially necessary at a time when performativity and measurement hold sway and detract from a focus on the processes of teaching and learning. The authors argue that through engaging with higher education constituencies to examine teaching excellence from different angles and stances that more inclusive understandings can be built.
eBook
Growing as a teacher : goals and pathways of ongoing teacher learning
Teacher learning does not end with initial preparation ; many insights and skills remain to be added. This book is concerned with ongoing teacher learning, its goals (Part I) and pathways (Part II). It is based on a longitudinal study of 42 teachers: 20 over their first 8 years of teaching and 22 over their first 5 years. The areas of continued teacher learning identified in our study were: vision of teaching, program planning, assessment, relevance, subject content and pedagogy, classroom organization and community, inclusion, and professional identity. The pathways of learning included informal and formal PD, teacher inquiry, and school-based learning. A key finding of our research was that, over the years, teachers learn a great deal informally. However, they do so largely on their own and under considerable stress. Teachers need more support than they currently receive, both for survival and to enhance their informal learning. Teachers can benefit significantly from external input, but their everyday learning makes them key experts in teaching. Accordingly, PD providers should work with teachers, utilizing their existing knowledge. This book is written for consideration by teachers, student teachers, teacher educators, PD providers, policy developers, and others interested in facilitating teacher learning.
Book
Effective in-service training design and delivery: evidence from an integrative literature review
Background
In-service training represents a significant financial investment for supporting continued competence of the health care workforce. An integrative review of the education and training literature was conducted to identify effective training approaches for health worker continuing professional education (CPE) and what evidence exists of outcomes derived from CPE.
Methods
A literature review was conducted from multiple databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) between May and June 2011. The initial review of titles and abstracts produced 244 results. Articles selected for analysis after two quality reviews consisted of systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and programme evaluations published in peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to 2011 in the English language. The articles analysed included 37 systematic reviews and 32 RCTs. The research questions focused on the evidence supporting educational techniques, frequency, setting and media used to deliver instruction for continuing health professional education.
Results
The evidence suggests the use of multiple techniques that allow for interaction and enable learners to process and apply information. Case-based learning, clinical simulations, practice and feedback are identified as effective educational techniques. Didactic techniques that involve passive instruction, such as reading or lecture, have been found to have little or no impact on learning outcomes. Repetitive interventions, rather than single interventions, were shown to be superior for learning outcomes. Settings similar to the workplace improved skill acquisition and performance. Computer-based learning can be equally or more effective than live instruction and more cost efficient if effective techniques are used. Effective techniques can lead to improvements in knowledge and skill outcomes and clinical practice behaviours, but there is less evidence directly linking CPE to improved clinical outcomes. Very limited quality data are available from low- to middle-income countries.
Conclusions
Educational techniques are critical to learning outcomes. Targeted, repetitive interventions can result in better learning outcomes. Setting should be selected to support relevant and realistic practice and increase efficiency. Media should be selected based on the potential to support effective educational techniques and efficiency of instruction. CPE can lead to improved learning outcomes if effective techniques are used. Limited data indicate that there may also be an effect on improving clinical practice behaviours. The research agenda calls for well-constructed evaluations of culturally appropriate combinations of technique, setting, frequency and media, developed for and tested among all levels of health workers in low- and middle-income countries.
Journal Article