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Esta investigación tiene como objetivo evidenciar la necesidad de incluir aspectos relativos a la interrelación entre la estructura agraria, las relaciones de producción y la capacidad de agencia, lo cual conlleva el análisis de la resiliencia, entendiendo ésta, como la capacidad de cambio, aprendizaje y transformación en múltiples escalas. Con el fin de evaluar la pertinencia de incluir estos aspectos, se aplicó un estudio de caso en agroecosistemas del municipio de Marulanda (Departamento de Caldas, Colombia), quedó demostrada su resiliencia y ésta fue analizada desde el punto de vista de los campesinos. La cual se vio disminuida por el mantenimiento de relaciones de producción semifeudales, expresadas en la concentración de la tierra, la servidumbre y el gamonalismo.

This study reports on action research efforts that were aimed at developing institutional arrangements beneficial for soil fertility improvement. Three stages of action research are described and analyzed. We initially began by bringing stakeholders together in a platform to engage in a collaborative design of new arrangements. However, this effort was stymied mainly because conditions conducive for learning and negotiation were lacking. We then proceeded to support experimentation with alternative arrangements initiated by individual landowners and migrant farmers. The implementation of these arrangements too ran into difficulties due to intra-family dynamics and ambiguities regarding land tenure. Further investigations to find out how ambiguities could be tackled revealed that the local actors themselves had taken initiatives towards developing institutional innovations to reduce ambiguities. However, there is still considerable scope for further development of these self-organized innovations. The article ends with a reflection on inter-disciplinary action research, where it is argued that making “mistakes” is an inherent and necessary characteristic in action research that aims to address complex social issues.

Share cropping is an important age old agrarian phenomenon in Assam. There is still vast scope to boost rice production in the study area through increasing the productivity of crops with the adoption of improved and economic methods of crop cultivation in due space and time on a sustainable basis. Share cropping in the study area is established as supplementary source of farm income to those farmers who undertake share cropping by hiring lands from others. It also act as a complementary source of income and employment for both the group of farmers that is one who undertake share cropping on others lands and others who let their land for share cropping to other farmers. Thus, Share cropping in the study area is found as both supplementary and complementary source of farm income. Of course, in the study area, there is still great scope to make share cropping more profitable as the productivity of rice crop is 481 kg less than the productivity of Punjab and 3202 kg less than the productivity of Egypt which is highest in the world.