Explore the vast range of titles available.

With millennials comprising 79% of Indonesia’s regional development banks (BPDs) workforce, understanding factors affecting their work engagement is crucial for organizational performance. This study examines how personal resources (grit and self-efficacy) and transformational leadership influence job crafting and work engagement among millennial employees in BPDs. Using a cross-sectional design, 477 millennial employees (aged 25-35) from six BPDs in Java, Indonesia, were surveyed. Data analysis using partial least squares structural equation modeling revealed that self-efficacy had the strongest direct effect on both job crafting (β = 0.303, p < 0.001) and work engagement (β = 0.276, p < 0.001), followed by grit’s impact on job crafting (β = 0.244, p < 0.001) and work engagement (β = 0.181, p < 0.001). Job crafting significantly influenced work engagement (β = 0.285, p < 0.001) and partially mediated the relationships between personal resources and work engagement. While transformational leadership did not moderate the relationship between job crafting and work engagement (β = –0.010, p > 0.05), it showed significant direct effects on both variables (β = 0.257 and β = 0.344, respectively). These findings demonstrate the importance of developing employees’ personal resources and leadership capabilities to enhance work engagement in Indonesia’s banking sector. AcknowledgmentOpen access funding was provided by journal publishing cost assistance from Universitas Padjadjaran. Regional Development Banks Association (ASBANDA) in Indonesia and regional development banks in Java Island (Bank BJB, Bank Jatim, Bank DIY, Bank Jateng, Bank DKI, and Bank Banten) are acknowledged for their contributions.

There is growing interest, worldwide, in the link between education systems and the production of skills that are valued in the labor market. With growth stagnating and unemployment soaring in much of the world, educators are being asked to focus more on producing skills that feed into labor productivity and support the sustainable growth of employment and incomes. This timely volume contributes important new findings on the dynamics of education systems and labor market outcomes in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). It analyzes an important recent shift in labor market trends in LAC: the first decade of the 21st century has witnessed a marked decline in the earnings premia for university and secondary education. This, in turn, is contributing to reduced income inequality across the region. The recent trend contrasts with the sharp rise in tertiary earnings premia that was observed in the 1990s and that helped to reinforce high levels of income inequality in the region at that time. The authors recommend that, having achieved very large increases in secondary and tertiary enrollment, the region should now focus on improving the quality of its education systems and the pertinence of education curricula for the needs of the labor market. At age 15, the learning achievement of the average Latin American student still lags two years behind his or her Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) contemporary. The study opens up an important agenda for future research. While the evidence presented on the trends in education earnings premia is clear, the conclusions about the causes and significance of those trends are largely based on suggestive evidence for a limited number of countries, and are not definitive because of data limitations. The findings call for further in-depth analysis of the nature of skill mismatches, to inform policies that can strengthen the region's future economic growth by enhancing the productivity and earnings potential of the workforce.

This chapter contains sections titled: A Manifesto for “Radical Contextualist” Approaches to Social Geography Awkward Sticky Messes in Social Geography Weaving Social Geographies from Personal Narrative, Social History, Cultural Biography Sticky Moments: Narrating Geographies of Coexistence Radical Contextualist Orientations to Engagement with Place, Scale, and Process Conclusion References

Over the past 60 years, our ability to live and work in space has evolved. From short sojourns in small spacecraft to landing on the moon and residing in an orbiting international space station, we have learned to adapt to an extreme environment and safely return home. Human missions to the Moon, Mars, and exploration of deep space are different. This paper summarizes the challenges of providing medical care, specifically mental health care during long-duration flights. Considerable information about challenges that crews bound for Mars will face is available. Literature regarding this issue is summarized. This manuscript provides a short historical summary of long-duration spaceflight to date; the challenges including limited communication with mission controllers on Earth; and, a summary of the behavioral impacts space flight has had on humans. A look at how the future autonomous systems might support physical and mental health when definitive care is millions of miles away, is also provided. Human spaceflight to Mars or other distant sites will require new approaches to mission preparedness and inflight medical support systems. Exploration class missions will be more autonomous than anything deployed until now. The concepts of telemedicine that have aptly supported crews from the 1960s to the present will no longer be in real-time. While communication between Earth and Mars is possible, it will be characterized by significant time delays. Mars-based crews will need to have systems onboard and on Mars to support all health and performance issues.

We conducted a qualitative study involving African migrants (n = 20) and service providers (n = 10) in South Australia to explore mental health stressors, access to mental health services and how to improve mental health services for African migrant populations. This paper presents the views and experiences of African migrants about the post-migration stressors they faced in resettlement that pose mental health challenges. The participants were recruited using the snowball sampling technique. To align with the COVID-19 pandemic protocol, the data collection was conducted using one-on-one online interviews through Zoom or WhatsApp video calls. Data analysis was guided by the framework analysis. The post-migration stressors, including separation from family members and significant others, especially spouses, imposed significant difficulties on care provision and in managing children’s attitudes and behavior-related troubles at school. African cultural practices involving the community, especially elders in care provision and disciplining children, were not consistent with Australian norms, compounding the mental health stressors for all involved. The African cultural norms, that do not allow young unmarried people to live together, also contributed to child–parent conflicts, enhancing parental mental stressors. Additionally, poor economic conditions and employment-related difficulties were post-migration stressors that the participants faced. The findings indicate the need for policy and intervention programs that address the above challenges. The provision of interventions, including social support such as subsidized or free childcare services, could help leverage their time and scheduled paid employment, creating time for effective parenting and improving their mental health and wellbeing. Future studies exploring what needs to be achieved by government and non-governmental institutions to support enhanced access to social and employment opportunities for the African migrant population are also recommended.

Despite the availability of sex education and sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS), many girls continue to conceive before reaching the maturity age of 18 years. Studies have shown that unplanned pregnancies expose young girls to various social illnesses, health complications and economic hardships. Using qualitative methods, we explored teenage girls' experiences of unplanned pregnancies and motherhood in a semi-rural area of South Africa. A non-probability purposive sampling method was used to recruit teenage girls who were teenage mothers to participate in this study. Data were collected using in-depth one-on-one interviews, and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the teenagers experienced a myriad of challenges, such as being shunned by family members, as they viewed unplanned pregnancy as evidence of promiscuous behavioral outcomes. Health service workers were also found to be judgmental towards teenage girls who visited health facilities for SRHS. Those still in school struggled to balance motherhood with academic responsibilities. As a result, most teenagers went through the period of pregnancy and motherhood alone or with minimal support from their significant others. A call is made to the government to strengthen support programs aimed at supporting affected teenagers at homes, in schools and within their communities.

Introduction Social fathers, or, lamely, ‘stepfathers’, often assume the parenting role of children who are not biologically theirs. The present study aimed to describe the psychological experiences of young women growing up under the care of social fathers. Methods The study employed a qualitative research approach and utilized a phenomenological design to gather firsthand information from twelve young women. A purposeful sampling technique was used to enrol young women raised by social fathers. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and analysed using an inductive thematic analysis method. Results The study findings revealed that young women raised by social fathers suffer from psychological challenges such as feelings of worthlessness, loneliness, lack of a sense of belonging, fear of abuse, and inability to speak about their challenges. The study revealed that some affected young women turned to prayer, some to drugs, and still others to their significant others for support in coping. Conclusion Despite the various overlooked psychological experiences of young females, their experiences underscore an urgent need for culturally sensitive mental health interventions to support young females in non-traditional households. The study also recommends educational and awareness campaigns for young women and social fathers.

This study aimed to analyze the inclusion process for students from the Awajún and Wampis ethnic communities within conventional university education in Peru. A case study design with an interpretative qualitative approach was employed. Data were collected using semi-structured, in-depth interviews with five students—three from the Awajún community and two from the Wampis community—selected through convenience sampling. Additionally, two life histories were documented to provide deeper insight into the students' experiences. The findings indicated that the inclusion process for Awajún and Wampis students is influenced by significant economic, linguistic, and cultural challenges. However, some supportive factors were identified, such as peer feedback, solidarity among students, and financial assistance from the State through the Beca 18 scholarship program. This program, established in 2013, aims to provide financial support to low-income students from rural areas to facilitate access to higher education. Despite these supportive mechanisms, the study concluded that a genuine and comprehensive inclusion process for students from ethnic communities remains lacking. This gap is attributed to the inability of conventional universities to foster dialogic communication that equally values diverse cultural knowledge. The main limitation of this study was the language barrier and communication differences, which may have impacted the depth of understanding of the students' expressions. Future research should involve interviewers proficient in native languages to ensure richer data collection. This study contributes to the limited body of research on the inclusion of students from ethnic communities in conventional universities, offering unique insights from the students’ perspectives.

Aim: Family members’ lives and health are seriously affected by alcohol- and drug addiction in close relationships, and research on addiction treatment shows that outcome of treatment is better when family is involved, both for the patient and family member. In Norway, there are clear political and professional guidelines in favour of involvement of family/significant others in the course of treatment, however, there are few addiction treatment services in Norway who comprehensively do so. The aim of this study is to explore therapists’ experiences from involving family and significant others in interdisciplinary specialised addiction treatment (TSB), within an in-patient clinic in Norway. The research question is: What significance do therapists emphasise from involving family members within interdisciplinary specialised inpatient addiction treatment, and which professional and ethical challenges arise with such involvement? Method: The data was gathered through two focus-group interviews and analysed with thematic analysis. Results: The main findings of the analysis are: (1) “A solid treatment structure for family involvement is central to family-oriented work”, (2) “Substantial positive effects for both patient, family member and therapist are attributed to family-oriented treatment focus”, and (3) “New dilemmas and challenges arise as a consequence of emphasising family-oriented work”. Conclusion: The article gives insights in how treatment practice that involves family and network members can be organised, what can be achieved with such involvement, which challenges and dilemmas can arise, and discusses how these insights challenges language, ethics and judicial framework for addiction treatment.