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The role of the operating department practitioner has evolved considerably in recent years, and both trainee and practising ODPs need a practical, up-to-date resource on terminology and current practice. Each entry in the second edition of Operating Department Practice A-Z has been fully updated and contains both a short definition and a more detailed description of the term or procedure, with supporting information to give the reader a deeper understanding of the field. In addition, the book contains useful appendices on medical terminology and abbreviations, normal values, medical and scientific symbols, and a list of useful websites for further reference. Written by two of the UK's most experienced Operating Department Practice lecturers, Operating Department Practice A-Z, second edition provides practical, concise information for all peri-operative staff members.

Cover -- EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD -- Surgical learning and guidance on operative risks and potential errors -- Learning from errors: critical incident reporting in nursing -- Learning from errors in dualvocational education: video enhanced instructional strategies -- Emotions, coping and learning in error situations in the workplace -- Valuing errors for learning: espouse or enact?

This new edition of Surgery at a Glance provides a concise and visually-orientated summary of a comprehensive lecture course in surgery. Following the easy-to-use at a Glance format, each topic is presented with clear illustrations and key facts encapsulating all that you need to know. The book is coherently divided into clinical presentations followed by major surgical conditions. Exploring core principals and important diseases, it is an accessible companion to any surgery core text, and is ideally placed to support the current curriculum. Surgery at a Glance: Features brand new chapters on Orthopaedics and updates on the management of surgical conditions Includes more revision-friendly elements for quick reference Is fully supported by a resource website at www.testgeneralsurgery.com containing both MCQs and short answer questions.

The Operating Department Practice A-Z follows a familiar 'dictionary-like' format to present alphabetically the key topics of interest to ODPs in training and in practice. Each entry has its own detailed explanation and the book has a user-friendly format to allow rapid access to information.

Trachomatous trichiasis (TT) surgery is a key strategy for avoiding blindness and visual impairment from trachoma. We compared alternative WHO-endorsed TT surgery techniques, hypothesizing that in a \"real world\" study posterior lamellar tarsal rotation (PLTR) would be associated with less postoperative TT (PTT) than bilamellar tarsal rotation (BLTR). In an ongoing TT control program in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia, TT surgeons used their preferred procedure (PLTR or BLTR) for upper eyelids with TT. Logistic regression-crude or adjusting for inter-eye correlation and relevant baseline factors (age, number of trichiatic lashes, epilation, entropion severity, and upper palpebral conjunctival scarring severity)-was used to compare the one-year cumulative incidence of PTT (any upper eyelid lash touching the globe, evidence of epilation and/or repeat TT surgery). Most baseline TT severity markers were worse in the PLTR (855 eyes) than the BLTR (678 eyes) group and PLTR surgeons were less experienced than BLTR surgeons. Nevertheless, one-year cumulative PTT incidences were 8.2% (PLTR) and 21.4% (BLTR; adjusted odds ratio = 0.27, 95% confidence interval: 0.19-0.39). Prospectively ascertained postoperative adverse TT surgery outcomes were similar between groups by six months and 12 months postoperatively. When surgeons applied their preferred surgical technique, PTT occurred less than half as often with PLTR than BLTR. These real-world data confirm a prior trial's primary result, suggesting that using PLTR instead of BLTR reduces PTT incidence to a clinically important degree without increasing adverse outcomes. Another recent trial suggests continued BLTR is appropriate for surgeons already trained in that technique. www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04149210.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are worldwide public health problems affecting millions of people and have rapidly increased in prevalence in recent years. Due to the multiple causes of renal failure, many animal models have been developed to advance our understanding of human nephropathy. Among these experimental models, rodents have been extensively used to enable mechanistic understanding of kidney disease induction and progression, as well as to identify potential targets for therapy. In this review, we discuss AKI models induced by surgical operation and drugs or toxins, as well as a variety of CKD models (mainly genetically modified mouse models). Results from recent and ongoing clinical trials and conceptual advances derived from animal models are also explored.

Surgery is the mainstay of hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE). The conservative surgery of HCE carries a non-negligible risk of recurrence and significant morbidity, dominated by Deep Surgical Site Infections (DSSI). To address these issues, we have improved and standardized this technique, which could reduce complications and achieve better postoperative outcomes. We conducted a prospective study from June 2017 to June 2022 involving of patient operated using a standardized open technique for uncomplicated HCE at Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. The aim was to obtain results at least similar to radical management in terms of DSSI. Patients with large cystobiliary fistulas or patients with complicated cysts were excluded. Fifty patients with 106 cysts were operated using the standardized technique comprising of liver mobilization, intraoperative ultrasound, systematic methylene blue injection to detect cystobiliary fistulas and omentoplasty. The median age of the patients was 44(semi-interquartile range: 16) years. The main symptom described by the patient was pain in 43 cases (86%). An abnormal liver test was found in 20 cases (40%). On imaging studies, the cyst had a median size of 7.4(3.0) cm. Cyst of the hepatic dome accounted for 38 cases (35.8%) with most cysts being situated in the right hemi-liver. Visual inspection of the cavity and Methylene blue testing allowed for the discovery of 57 cysts (53.7%) that had cystobiliary fistulas that were sutured. Omentoplasty was performed in 77 cysts (72.6%). Postoperatively, only 2 cases (1.9%) developed a DSSI in the form of an external bile leak with resolved with conservative management. No case of recurrence was found after a median follow-up of 24 months. The standardized conservative surgical technique, in selected patients, shows promise in reducing DSSI rates and overall morbidity, and achieve as equally good result as radical management.

Poor surgical outcomes remain a problem in trachoma-endemic countries working to reach elimination thresholds. Methods to improve outcomes could positively impact programmatic success. This parallel, three-armed clinical trial conducted in Ethiopia randomized individuals with previously unoperated trachomatous trichiasis (TT) to receive surgery utilizing one of three approaches: bilamellar tarsal rotation with a 3 mm incision height (BLTR-3), BLTR with 5 mm incision height (BLTR-5) and posterior lamellar tarsal rotation (PLTR). We followed participants for one year. The primary outcome was post-operative trichiasis (PTT). Secondary outcomes were eyelid contour abnormalities (ECA) and pyogenic granulomata. We randomized and operated on 4,914 individuals with previously unoperated TT (6,940 eyes). Primary analyses include 6,815 eyes with follow-up. Overall, 1,149 (16.9%) eyes developed PTT. The risk difference for PTT was minimal comparing BLTR-3 and PLTR (adjusted risk difference [aRD] 1.8% (98.3%CI: -0.5-4.2%)), but significantly higher for BLTR-5 surgeries compared to BLTR-3 (aRD: 6.7% (3.9-9.4%)) and PLTR (aRD: 8.6% (5.9-11.3%)). BLTR-5 had the lowest ECA (6.1% versus 9.6% BLTR-3, 11.2% PLTR) and granuloma rates (5.2% versus 6.5% BLTR-3 and 7.5% PLTR). One eyelid operated with PLTR experienced an eyelid margin division; four BLTR-3 and eight BLTR-5 eyelids experienced excessive bleeding. We do not recommend modifying the BLTR incision height of 3 mm. Overall, we did not find a significant difference in PTT between BLTR-3 and PLTR in terms of PTT or ECA. Registration number: NCT03100747; ClinicalTrials.gov Full study protocol available at (https://doi.org/10.15139/S3/QHZXWD).

Knee arthroplasty benefits significantly from computer-assisted navigation, which improves the accuracy of prosthesis placement. However, current methods require invasive optical locators to track the position of the knee, which carries risks such as infection and prolonged healing times. To address these limitations, this work uses markerless trinocular SLAM to achieve accurate 3D reconstruction of the knee during surgery. The approach integrates SuperGlue for robust feature matching and incorporates segmentation to mask the knee, improving reconstruction accuracy despite challenges such as low-texture surfaces, reflections and spotlight illumination. The accuracy of the handheld trinocular camera system is evaluated under dynamic conditions, simulating camera movement during surgery to ensure accurate reconstruction during real-time surgery. In addition, a robot-guided dataset will be used to assess the repeatability and robustness of the SLAM approach. This research focuses on positional accuracy in motion and aims to advance real-time, non-invasive navigation solutions for knee arthroplasty, contributing to safer and more efficient surgical outcomes.