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I am pleased to introduce this Symposium Edition of The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics, which covers a wide variety of issues central to transgender health equity, including Dr. Jamison Green’s recent history of the impact of health policy on transgender communities, Dr. M. Killian Kinney, Ms. Taylor Pearson, and Prof. Julie Ralston Aoki’s transgender equity tool for legal policy analysis, and Prof. Elizabeth Kukura’s analysis of issues facing transgender, non-binary, and gender expansive people during pregnancy and childbirth.

Living on the Edge: An American Generation’s Journey through the Twentieth Century (University of Chicago Press, 2021) tells the story of the rarely studied 1900 generation, from their social origins to their old age, as they coped with and adapted to the revolutionary changes of the last century. Using longitudinal data from the Berkeley Guidance Study, the authors followed 420 parents (210 couples) born between 1885 and 1908, all of whom had children born in Berkeley between 1928–29. The analyses, which often challenge conventional wisdom, reveal their status as a “hinge generation,” or bridge, between past and present in their educational, work, and family experiences. Following highlights from the authors, four scholars offer critical commentary on the book. Matt Nelson addresses challenges related to analyzing kinship networks and patterns of economic assistance across the Great Depression era, pointing to measurement limitations that obscure important forms of aid. Kelly Condit-Shrestha raises concerns related to race and ethnicity, especially the absence of Black, American Indian, Chinese, Japanese, and Hispanic persons in the original study, as well as to westward migration, American Empire, and white-settler colonialism. Silvia Pedraza addresses crucial social class differences (middle class versus working class) in the expectations and experiences of women, calling for greater clarity in the relationship between women’s roles and notions of “respectability.” Finally, Evan Roberts takes up some of the complex methodological issues involved in leveraging historical data to understand the life course and identifying the uniquely disruptive nature of social change across generations and countries.

\"This book offers a new interpretation of sympotic scenes in sixth- and fifth-century BC Athenian vase painting. Through these images, the book explores what it meant to be a Greek community and how Athenians thought about past and present\"-- Provided by publisher.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation is a safe Non-invasive brain stimulation technique studied in various psychiatric disorders.3 It involves the application of low-intensity electric current using electrodes placed over the head to modulate cortical activity. It alters the neuronal resting membrane potential causing depolarization or hyperpolarization, resulting in an increase or decrease in cortical excitability. Anodal and cathodal tDCS are often used to increase and decrease excitability. It can target different areas of the brain including cognitive and motor networks.

The COVID-19 pandemic has seen a significant rise in the demand for mental health services. Technology advancement and pandemic restrictions have revolutionised the mental health field with mental health professionals adapting and shifting towards online platforms. Recent research suggests that online therapy can be as effective as in-person therapy for various mental health conditions. Online psychotherapy isn't a new practice, rather it has been used during pre-covid times with caution. Several studies have proven the effectiveness of telemental health indicating that both clients and providers who use telehealth generally view it favourably. Online psychotherapy and telemedicine could be more approachable, convenient while increasing access to out-of-state professionals. Online therapy and tele-consultation have its strengths as well as challenges including flexibility in scheduling, convenience, saving time from commuting to and from appointments, enhancing vulnerability and disclosure. However, it has its own set of challenges and ethical concerns, particularly revolving around privacy and confidentiality in the digital space. This symposium will highlight the strengths and challenges of telemental health based on empirical researches and personal experiences of psychotherapists and psychiatrists. With increasing onus over the providers, it becomes important to discuss and address the new demands. It will enable the mental health practitioners to be more equipped and competent to continue offering telehealth as demand for mental health services grows, particularly services offered virtually. Finally, the symposium glances at the future of tele mental healthcare in the light of the recent guidelines and what it possibly holds for service providers.

Background: First written about in 1970, Harvard University psychiatrist and science researcher, Dr. Chester Pierce coined the term microaggression to describe the experiences of African Americans post Jim Crowe era. Today, the term has evolved to include minorities, under-represented groups and vulnerable populations everywhere. In addition, understanding microaggressions is critical in health care settings, particularly given the burgeoning literature on the mental health impact of certain groups of people. Objectives: Assess the various forms of microaggressions-microinsults, microassaults, and microinvalidations-experienced by minority and vulnerable populations in India and the USA. Demonstrate health and mental health consequences of microaggressions. Discuss effective strategies overcome microaggressions in health care settings. Methods: The presenters will review the literature on microaggressions in everyday life and in health care settings. Evidence based literature describes the health consequences for recipients of microaggressions and the mental health effects of a cumulative lifetime of microaggression on certain groups. The audience is engaged in an exercise to demonstrate the subtle yet powerful aspects of microaggressions. Findings: Evidence from studies in psychiatry and mental health literature as well as diversity and bias trainings in medicine show the prevalence and impact of microaggressions particularly on minority and under-represented individuals. Moreover, these effects can have implications for health care delivery systems. Conclusions: Microaggressions are ubiquitous and their health consequences for minority groups makes this topic increasing relevant for mental health providers. Diversity, equity and inclusion are core competencies in medicine; moreover, awareness of microaggressions and effective mitigation strategies is critical for mental health providers and health care systems. References 1. Parekh R, Padilla A, et al., \"Microaggressions: Effects in Early Life and Strategies to Overcome,\" Cultural Psychiatry with Children, Adolescents, and Families. Edited by Parekh R, Al-Mateen C, Lisotto M, Carter, R. APA Publishing, 2021 2. Sue DW: Microaggressions in Everyday Life, Second Edition. Hoboken, NJ, Wiley, 2020 3. Parekh R, Bell C and Weintraub K. Overcome Prejudice at Work, Harvard Health Publishers, Dec 2012 4. Ong AD, Burrow AL: \"Microaggressions and Daily Experience\". Perspect Psychol Sci 12(1):173-175, 2017 5. Pierce CM: \"Stress Analogs of Racism and Sexism: Terrorism, Torture, and Disaster\", Mental Health, Racism and Sexism. Edited by Willie C, Rieker P, Kramer B, et al., Pittsburg, PA, University of Pittsburg Press, 1995, PP 277-293. 6. Omaiha Walajahi, \"Explaining Microaggressions in India\", http://hyderabadpsychologist.com

IPS PERINATAL PSYCHIATRY TASK FORCE SYMPOSIUM ANCIPS 2022: Prescribing Psychotropics In Pregnancy And Lactation The management of mental health problems during pregnancy and the postnatal period differs from disorders occurring at other times.The impact of the mental illness and treatment thereof is on the mother, the child and the family. 1 in 5 women experience some form of perinatal mental illness Only 50% are diagnosed 15% have depression ,anxiety disorders. Severe mental illness can be 2 to 3 per 1000 Postpartum psychosis can be 1 to 2 in 1000 COVID times has seen an increase in depression and anxiety in the perinatal period(Wang 2020,Wu 2020) Psychosis can re-emerge or be exacerbated during pregnancy and the postnatal period. Although response to treatment is good, these problems frequently go unrecognized and untreated in pregnancy and the postnatal period. Psychiatric relapse in the setting of medication discontinuation for pregnancy is extremely common. Hence an appropriate treatment plan for psychiatric disorders during pregnancy and lactaction needs to be individualized and protocolised. Domestic violence during the perinatal period is recognised as major public health issues (Buist et al. 2005) and are associated with poor outcomes for women and their children and partners(Murray et al. 2003).It also contributes to increased risk of mental illness in pregnancy and lactation Intervention studies indicate that mental health problems during the perinatal period can be minimised if women and families engage in appropriate service (Armstrong et al. 2002; Kemp et al. 2011; Shaw et al. 2006). However concerns with regards to knowledge gaps and safety issues in prescribing psychotropic medication exist. This symposium by the Perinatal Psychiatry Task Force will address the important area of perinatal psychiatry ie prescribing of psychotropics in pregnancy and lactaction.The format will be discussion of the same with illustrative cases.