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"Safety and security measures"
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Artificial intelligence safety and security
This book includes chapters from leading AI Safety researchers, addressing different aspects of the AI control problem as it relates to the development of safe and secure artificial intelligence. The book would be the first to address challenges of constructing safe and secure artificially intelligent systems. No similar book currently exists that concentrates on technical aspects of this research from the computer science point of view. Competing books are aimed at general/non-professional audiences from a philosophical point of view-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Metal-organic frameworks
Food safety is an important issue related to the life and health of all people, and food packaging can effectually protect food from surface damage, mildew, rot, etc., while ensuring food quality to extend the shelf life, effectively preventing food safety problems. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are functional materials with special physical and chemical properties, such as a high specific surface area, high porosity and adjustable structure, which can be designed and adjusted according to the characteristics of different food packaging materials, so they have significant application prospects in food packaging. This review systematically introduced the types and properties of MOFs materials, summarized the methods to synthesize MOFs, and discussed the application progress of MOFs in food packaging by evaluating the safety of MOFs. Further, the potential uses of MOFs in food packaging applications were explored. This review may provide systematic insight into the use of MOFs for food packaging and explore new ideas.
Journal Article
The smart girl's guide to privacy : practical tips for staying safe online
\"Discusses how to protect personal information from online privacy violations. Covers how to set and store secure passwords, monitor online visibility, safely use social media and apps, and create online profiles. Contains emergency instructions for those who have been hacked or had their identity, phone, or laptop stolen\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Photocatalytic Deposition of Au Nanoparticles on Tisub.3Csub.2Tsub.x MXene Substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a promising technique for sensitive detection. The design and optimization of plasma-enhanced structures for SERS applications is an interesting challenge. In this study, we found that the SERS activity of MXene (Ti[sub.3]C[sub.2]T[sub.x]) can be improved by adding Au nanoparticles (NPs) in a simple photoreduction process. Fluoride-salt-etched MXene was deposited by drop-casting on a glass slide, and Au NPs were formed by the photocatalytic growth of gold(III) chloride trihydrate solutions under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The Au–MXene substrate formed by Au NPs anchored on the Ti[sub.3]C[sub.2]T[sub.x] sheet produced significant SERS through the synergistic effect of chemical and electromagnetic mechanisms. The structure and size of the Au-decorated MXene depended on the reaction time. When the MXene films were irradiated with a large number of UV photons, the size of the Au NPs increased. Hot spots were formed in the nanoscale gaps between the Au NPs, and the abundant surface functional groups of the MXene effectively adsorbed and interacted with the probe molecules. Simultaneously, as a SERS substrate, the proposed Au–MXene composite exhibited a wider linear range of 10[sup.−4]–10[sup.−9] mol/L for detecting carbendazim. In addition, the enhancement factor of the optimized SERS substrate Au–MXene was 1.39 × 10[sup.6], and its relative standard deviation was less than 13%. This study provides a new concept for extending experimental strategies to further improve the performance of SERS.
Journal Article
Staying safe online
Going online can be great fun, but you need to look after yourself and your device. 'Staying Safe Online' will show you the best ways to do so, from setting strong passwords to spotting a scam to knowing when to ask for help. These positive, friendly guides explains to young readers the learning potential and fun of digital devices, websites and (age-appropriate) media and games, but also how to stay well and protect themselves and their projects when they're online.
CHILDBOOK
Internet privacy rights : rights to protect autonomy
\"Internet Privacy Rights analyses the current threats to our online autonomy and privacy and proposes a new model for the gathering, retention and use of personal data. Key to the model is the development of specific privacy rights: a right to roam the Internet with privacy, a right to monitor the monitors, a right to delete personal data and a right to create, assert and protect an online identity. These rights could help in the formulation of more effective and appropriate legislation, and shape more privacy-friendly business models. The conclusion examines how the Internet might look with these rights in place and whether such an Internet could be sustainable from both a governmental and a business perspective\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
A real-world pharmacovigilance study of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System
Definity significantly enhances the diagnostic accuracy of echocardiography but raises ongoing safety concerns. This study aimed to explore potential adverse events (AEs) associated with Definity in real-world settings by analyzing data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). We retrospectively extracted AE reports from the FAERS database between 2004 and the first quarter of 2024. Disproportionality analyses using reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker (MGPS) were conducted to identify signals potentially associated with Definity. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed as sensitivity analyses to assess potential risk factors for Definity-related AEs. A total of 4460 reports with Definity as the \"primary suspected\" drug were included. We identified 104 statistically significant signals at PT level, including common AEs such as back pain and muscle spasms, as well as exploratory signals not listed on the drug label, such as eye movement disorder and renal pain. It is noteworthy that 21 signals did not retain significance following Bonferroni correction. These AEs spanned 25 System Organ Classes (SOCs). In reports with available time-to-onset data, most events occurred within 30 days of administration, while some were reported at longer intervals. Moreover, logistic regression analysis indicated that both gender and body weight were independent risk factors associated with Definity-related AE. This study provides exploratory insights into potential AEs associated with Definity based on real-world pharmacovigilance data. While most signals are consistent with known safety profiles, several emerging signals warrant further investigation and clinical awareness. These findings may contribute to ongoing risk management and pharmacovigilance efforts.
Journal Article