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Resilience engineering in practice
Resilience engineering depends on four abilities: the ability a) to respond to what happens, b) to monitor critical developments, c) to anticipate future threats and opportunities, and d) to learn from past experience - successes as well as failures. They provide a structured way of analysing problems and proposing practical solutions. This book is divided into four sections which describe issues relating to each of the four abilities. The section's chapters emphasise practical ways of engineering resilience, featuring case studies and real applications.
eBook
The dragon in the cockpit : how Western aviation concepts conflict with Chinese value systems
\"The Dragon in the Cockpit enhances the mutual understanding between Western aviation human-factors practitioners and the Chinese aviation community by describing some of the fundamental Chinese cultural characteristics pertinent to the field of flight safety\"--Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Study on the influence of slope shape with numerical calculation models on slope safety during slope excavation
Under the influence of natural weathering and excavation in human engineering, slopes in nature have various slope shapes. In human engineering activities, the stability of different types of slopes formed by manual excavation must be affected by multiple factors such as geologic setting, lithology and environment. Therefore, to understand the impact of slope shape, geologic setting, and other conditions on slope stability of artificial slopes, calculation models for straight slope, concave slope, and convex slope are constructed based on the three slope shape characteristics. By changing the angles of upward and downward slope angles and analysing the parameters of slope shape, joint spacing, and joint angle, discrete element software is used to calculate the slope safety factor. The calculation results show that the slope shape, joint spacing, and joint inclination affect the safety of slopes. In straight slopes with large joint spacing, the smaller the slope angle, the greater the safety factor. However, in the interval of small joint spacing, the safety coefficient of slopes with slight joint inclination has the opposite variation characteristics. When a<90°, the straight slope has a dominant joint inclination angle that minimises the slope safety factor. In concave slopes, the more concave the slope shape is, the smaller the safety factor is; For concave slopes with small joint spacing, the slope with slight joint inclination has a more significant safety factor; Under the condition of large joint spacing, there is a dominant joint inclination in the joint inclination range of 30° to 70° for concave slopes, which minimises the safety factor of the slope. In convex slopes, the smaller the joint inclination angle of the slope, the smaller the safety factor of the slope, and the smaller the upslope angle of the slope, the greater the safety factor of the slope.
Journal Article
The killing zone : how and why pilots die
\"This survival guide for beginning pilots with experience ranging from 50-350 hours clearly explains the top twelve pilot killers and how to avoid them\"-Provided by publisher.
Book
Reliability analysis of three-dimensional reinforced slope considering the spatial variability in soil parameters
Reliability analysis of reinforced slopes is crucial in geotechnical engineering. In this study, a procedure is proposed for calculating the reliability of three-dimensional reinforced slopes, taking into consideration the spatial variability of soil strength parameters. An ellipsoidal sliding surface is utilized as an approximate substitute for the actual sliding surface. The Karhunen–Loève (K–L) expansion method is employed to generate random fields. The safety factor calculations are based on the Bishop method. The reliability is evaluated through the Monte Carlo simulation. Based on the procedure, the effects of different reinforcement parameters and random parameters on the mean safety factor and failure probability of three-dimensional slopes are studied and compared with the results of two-dimensional slopes. Notably, the implementation of an upper sparse and lower dense reinforcement scheme leads to a remarkable enhancement in slope reliability, resulting in a substantial 38.4% reduction in failure probability and a 2.4% increase in the safety factor. Additionally, an effective means of enhancing slope reliability is found to be the increase in the length and number of reinforcement layers. The reliability of 3D reinforced slopes is notably influenced by the spatial variability of soil strength parameters. The degree of influence of autocorrelation distance on the failure probability is ranked as lz > lx > ly. When lz increases from 1 to 5 m, the failure probability is increased by 221.85%, from 5.4 to 17.38%. As the correlation coefficient is increased from −0.7 to −0.3, the failure probability increased by 26.7%, from 23.2% to 29.4%. The comparison with 2D reinforced slopes reveals that 3D reinforced slopes demonstrate a higher safety factor and a lower failure probability. As a result, slope reliability is tended to be underestimated by the 2D slope analysis.
Journal Article
Master airline pilot : applying human factors to reach peak performance and operational resilience
\"Master Airline Pilot offers a process for improving pilots' skills in risk management, situational awareness building, decision making, communications, and crew management. It links aviation human factors with practical airline operations to promote the development of master-level aviation skills across the full range of pilot experience. Serving as a practical guide for operational aviation challenges, the book discusses exceptional events such as operations under marginal condition, intervening to interdict an unsafe operation, and resolving crew conflicts. It also provides techniques for handling more common airline flying challenges like delays, holding, diverting, and continuing versus aborting a deteriorating game plan. The book is intended for airline pilots, training captains, simulator instructors, and aviation students taking courses in flight safety and crew management to improve their skillset, proficiency, and expertise towards peak performance\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Assessing the soil moisture effects of planted vegetation on slope stability in shallow landslide-prone areas
PurposeSoil moisture plays an important factor to impact runoff and the slope stability, but how vegetation affects the soil moisture variability of slope stability is poorly understood. In order to compare the stability of different shrub slopes under the effect of soil moisture, four types of shrubs (Periploca sepium, Lespedeza bicolor, Ziziphus jujuba, and Punica granatum) are selected for ecological restoration in shallow landslide-prone areas, and the effects of rhizosphere soil moisture and plant roots on the slope stability are studied.Materials and methodsTrace infiltration is applied in order to study plant roots and soil moisture impact. The shear strength of the roots slope soil under different moisture content is determined by laboratory shear strength test. The slope safety factor of different shrubs is obtained by FLAC 3D (Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua 3D) simulation.Results and discussionAmong the four shrubs, thick roots show the greatest improvement to soil porosity, and fine and medium roots could provide more preferential flow channels for water infiltration. The soil moisture content significantly increases after planting Lespedeza bicolor. At 10% soil moisture content, the P. sepium slope safety factor is highest in four shrubs (1.39). When the soil moisture content reaches 30%, the safety factor value of the L. bicolor slope reaches the maximum, and the safety factor value of L. bicolor decreased by 25.6%.ConclusionsThe results show that even during the wettest condition of the soil (saturated soil moisture content 30%), the mechanical reinforcement form the L. bicolor root maintains some degree of stability. Shrubs have a good effect on enhancing the stability of slopes, especially in areas prone to shallow landslides.
Journal Article
Modified Green–Ampt Model Considering Vegetation Root Effect and Redistribution Characteristics for Slope Stability Analysis
The Green–Ampt (GA) model is widely applied in practice because of its simplicity and relatively few parameters. However, the GA model and its modifications are mostly only suitable for uniform rainfall, and rarely account for the effect of water uptake by vegetation roots. In this study, a modified GA model that accounts for both roots and moisture redistribution is proposed to assess slope stability. Compared with the numerical solution, the modified GA model slightly overestimates the wetting front depth and underestimates the moisture content of surface soil. The hydrological and mechanical effects of vegetation roots on slope stability are also incorporated in the proposed model. Parametric analyses are performed to investigate the effects of parameters including rainfall intensity on the safety factor (Fs). The results show that the wetting front depth decreases/increases with the increase of slope angle/rainfall intensity, and Fs of the slope decreases with the increase of slope angle and rainfall intensity. The safety factor of the slope is negatively correlated with rainfall duration and initial moisture content. Exponential and triangular roots have more significant effect on reinforcing shallow soils than uniform roots. The safety factor of the shrub-covered slope is 1.45 times that of the bare slope. The proposed method has the advantages of simplicity and few parameters.
Journal Article