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MATTI – a multi-criteria decision analysis framework for assessing wastewater treatment technologies
The variety of available technologies and the low investment power in sanitation services, especially in regions with low and emerging economies, makes the selection of an optimal wastewater treatment system design an even more complex task for decision-makers. Thus, this study aimed to develop a multi-criteria analysis-based tool to support decision-making on the optimal wastewater treatment technology for the needs and priorities of each region, the Most Appropriate Treatment Technology Index (MATTI). The methodology to apply the MATTI comprises five steps: select suitable technologies; determine the effluent quality parameters; define the most relevant variables for design; normalize and define the weighting criteria; and calculate the level of compliance (0–1, on an increasing scale of suitability). To validate the tool, two different scenarios and seven variables for the Brazilian context were simulated. Different sets of technologies scored above 0.75, and were classified as highly recommended, according to the weight criteria attributed to each scenario. MATTI not only contributed to improving the decision-making process, but also with a more global vision of the parameters to be considered in the selection of technologies to meet the needs and priorities.
Journal Article
Approaches to private participation in Water services: A toolkit
Approaches to Private Participation in Water Services is an informative toolkit that provides options for the design of policies to facilitate the delivery of good quality water and sanitation services to the poor. It highlights the need for tariffs, investment, stakeholder consultation, and regulatory policies to address the affordability and sustainability of those services. Targeted to an audience that includes government advisors as well as consultants, lawyers, and donors, the toolkit builds on previous global experience in private participation in water and sanitation supply. Developing country governments and those interested in private participation in water and sanitation supply will find this toolkit an invaluable resource.
eBook
Tapping the markets
Developing country governments and the international development community are looking for ways to accelerate access to improved water and sanitation services beyond the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets. Countries do not have the capacity to meet the need for improved water supplies and sanitation services from public resources alone. These challenges present an opportunity for domestic enterprises in these growing markets. In fact, millions of poor and non-poor households rely on the private sector to meet their needs. The range of private sector services provided goes far beyond final service delivery. The domestic private sector is increasingly being viewed as a central part of the solution. Governments are increasingly interested in engaging with the private sector to increase access of the poor to services. Effective scale-up of access through the domestic private sector requires an understanding of the market potential, the state of entrepreneurs' operations, and factors that shape their business environment and investment decisions. This document examines private sector provision of piped water services and on-site sanitation services in rural areas and small towns, with case studies from several countries. The preferences and circumstances of poor households and the performance of enterprises that provide services directly to them are examined, as are commercial and investment climate factors that may affect enterprises' actual or perceived costs and risks.
eBook
Tapping the Markets: Opportunities for Domestic Investments in Water and Sanitation for the Poor
What needs to be done to enable the domestic private sector to expand its role in the provision of safe water and improved sanitation to the poor in developing countries? Is an expanded role constrained because there is limited market potential, or is the problem the fact that business models cannot support an expansion of supply? Are government policies and the investment climate making expansion too costly or risky for enterprises to scale up their operations?
This book presents the results of a detailed examination of market opportunities for the domestic private sector in the provision of piped water and on-site sanitation services in rural and semi-urban areas and of the commercial, policy, and investment climate that affect the response to these opportunities. It is based on case studies conducted in Bangladesh, Benin, Cambodia, Indonesia, Peru, and Tanzania. The results of focus group discussions with poor households, surveys of enterprises directly serving poor households, and analysis of the supply chains that support them provide insights into the nature of demand for services, the prevailing business models adopted by enterprises, and the impact of policy on decisions to invest or expand operations.
The issues preventing the large market for providing poor—and nonpoor—households with piped water and on-site sanitation differ in important ways. This book therefore addresses the two sectors separately. The first part of the book analyzes the challenges facing domestic providers of piped water in Bangladesh, Benin, and Cambodia, countries where very different models of private provision have emerged in response to differing approaches taken by government. The second part analyzes providers of on-site sanitation services in Bangladesh, Indonesia, Peru, and Tanzania, where the models are similar and all providers face demand- and supply-side challenges that are largely unaffected by government policy.
This book will be of interest to governments and their multilateral and bilateral development partners, as well as local and international nongovernment agencies concerned with reducing the heavy toll that lack of access to safe water and hygienic sanitation is imposing on poor people around the world. It proposes recommendations that each of these actors can adopt to harness the entrepreneurial capabilities of the domestic private sector to address this continuing challenge.
eBook
