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"Saturated fatty acids in human nutrition."
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The big fat surprise : why butter, meat, and cheese belong in a healthy diet
Investigative journalist Nina Teicholz reveals here that everything we thought we knew about dietary fat is wrong. She documents how the low-fat nutrition advice of the past sixty years has amounted to a vast uncontrolled experiment on the entire population, with disastrous consequences for our health. For decades, we have been told that the best possible diet involves cutting back on fat, especially saturated fat, and that if we are not getting healthier or thinner, we are not trying hard enough. But what if the low-fat diet is itself the problem? Based on a nine-year investigation, Teicholz shows how the misinformation about saturated fats took hold in the scientific community and the public imagination, and how recent findings have overturned these beliefs. --From publisher description.
Book
Home availability of fruit and vegetables and obesogenic foods as an indicator of nutrient intake in 50 year olds from Canterbury, New Zealand
Background and Objectives: The home food environment is known to influence children's diet and selected health outcomes. However, similar research in adults is scarce. The home is arguably the most important food environment for New Zealand adults as the majority of food consumed is stored and prepared in the home. Therefore we investigated relationships between home food availability and nutrient intake in 50 year olds from Canterbury, New Zealand.
Methods and Study Design: A cross-sectional study where participants completed a home food inventory and a four-day estimated food diary. Regression analysis was used to investigate relationships between home availability of 'Fruit and Vegetables' and 'Obesogenic Foods' and intake of selected nutrients, adjusting for Body Mass Index and demographic factors. Men and women (n=216) aged 50 were randomly selected from Canterbury District Health Board area electoral rolls.
Results: Women with a high 'Obesogenic Foods' score were significantly more likely to have a high intake of saturated fat (OR 5.8, CI: 1.67, 19.6) and high sugar intake (OR 3.1, CI: 1.23, 7.58). Men with a high 'Obesogenic Foods' score were less likely to have high folate (OR 0.14, CI: 0.05, 0.40) and fibre intake (OR 0.21, CI: 0.07, 0.60). Men and women with a higher 'Fruit and Vegetables' score were more likely to have high vitamin C intake (OR 5.6 and 4.5 respectively).
Conclusions: Home Food Inventory scores are associated with selected nutrient intakes, particularly in women, suggesting that they are useful for identifying those groups with less favourable nutrient intakes. Future research should investigate whether these scores can predict health outcomes.
Journal Article
Chewing the saturated fat : we still shouldn't
Contributes to the debate on the causal association or otherwise between saturated fat intake and coronary heart disease (CHD), commenting on and analysing the evidence put forth by the authors of the related articles. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Journal Article
Chewing the saturated fat : how many more negative studies do we need?
Defends their previous assertions that claims that saturated fat causes cardiovascular disease are not supported by the evidence. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Journal Article
Issue conflation leads to dietary confusion
Observes the confustion over dietary guidelines for total fat, saturated fat and sugar as a result of a conflation of dietary issues for weight loss, heart health, and sports performance. Argues that separating these issues should help to show the robustness of current dietary guidelines. Considers how to de-conflate the issue to bring a bit of clarity to the debate. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Journal Article
Chewing the saturated fat : should we or shouldn't we?
Challenges the hypothesis put forth by the authors of the related article that saturated fat causes cardiovascular disease, and raises issues around the criteria needed to evaluate the validity of one such hypothesis over a conflicting one. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Journal Article
Advice to reduce total and saturated fat, revisited
Revisits the validity of evidence-based advice to reduce total and saturated fat in order to reduce obesity and coronary heart disease (CHD), in the light of recent studies and the increasing rates of obesity in New Zealand. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Journal Article
Coconut : the goodish oil
Looks at research showing that coconut oil may be treated differently by the body than other saturated fats (such as animal fat and palm oil), and may have some benefits. Notes the drawbacks of saturated fats, however, including coconut oil, Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Newspaper Article
Chewing the fat
Explains the diet focused on saturated fats that harks back to earlier eating habits, recommended by visiting US writer Sally Fallon Morell and originated by US dentist Weston A Price. Talks to former MP Rodney Hide about how his health benefitted from following the advice, noting his lifelong struggle with excess weight. Outlines the debate on the health benefits of high-fat diets, citing NZ experts who emphasise the link to obesity, and others who promote saturated fat over industrial (vegetable) oils. Talks to Warren Moliken and Sharon Moliken of Christchurch about their Earthwise Gourmet products that are based on Morell's dietary advice. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Newspaper Article
Dietary total fat, fatty acids intake, and risk of cardiovascular disease: a dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies
Background
Several epidemiological studies have investigated the association between dietary fat intake and cardiovascular disease. However, dietary recommendations based on systematic review and meta-analysis might be more credible.
Methods and results
Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane library were searched up to July 1st 2018 for cohort studies reporting associations of dietary fat intake and risk of CVDs. By comparing the highest vs. the lowest categories of fat or fatty acids intake, we found that higher dietary trans fatty acids (TFA) intake was associated with increased risk of CVDs [RR:1.14(1.08–1.21)]. However, no association was observed between total fat, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), saturated fatty acids (SFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and risk of CVDs. Subgroup analysis found a cardio-protective effect of PUFA in the studies that has been followed up more than 10 years [0.95(0.91–0.99),
I
2
= 62.4%]. Dose-response analysis suggested that the risk of CVDs increased 16% [1.16 (1.07–1.25), P
linearity
= 0.033] for an increment of 2% energy/day of TFA intake.
Conclusions
This current meta-analysis of cohort studies suggested that total fat, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA intake were not associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, we found that higher TFA intake is associated with greater risk of CVDs in a dose-response fashion. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis found a cardio-protective effect of PUFA in studies followed up for more than 10 years.
Journal Article