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The chapter compares and critiques two versions of one story: the original novel and its cinematic treatment over 50 years later. It briefly reviews changes in clinical and social ideas about gender and sexuality, especially homosexuality, during the 20th and 21st centuries. Then it addresses theoretical differences between the genres of text and film, and the idea of the \"male gaze.\" Through close readings of the novel and the film, it demonstrates energies and tensions between concepts of male and female, gay and straight.

The meticulous work of Philip Kelley and his team has involved not only locating and transcribing the correspondence but also dating this material and producing annotations that provide a context for each letter. The scholarly standards applied in this project, as well as the deep knowledge of the poet, his life, and his career that informs the editing process, will ensure a lasting foundation for Browning studies. In addition to volume 27 of The Brownings' Correspondence, essays by Laura Clarke and Simon Jarvis suggest new ways of reading Browning's poetic theory and practice. Oliver Wort reveals notes toward a hitherto unknown plan to stage \"Fra Lippo Lippi\" (1855) by director Edward Gordon Craig (1872-1966), and Abigail Montgomery reflects on \"Childe Roland\" (1855) as an intertext in Yeats's poetry and the novels of Stephen King.

Conservation and development organizations around the world are increasingly promoting livelihood programs for rural communities as a means of creating sustainable alternatives to activities destructive to remaining wildlife and habitats. In impoverished communities in Colombia adjacent forest patches with critically endangered cotton‐top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus), this study evaluates alternative livelihood programs' impact on participating community members' income, wellbeing, sustainable resource use, and attitudes about cotton‐top tamarin conservation. We surveyed program participants, their neighbors, and members of reference communities nearby for comparison (n = 253). Participants in the alternative livelihood programs had significantly more access to resources and benefits compared to both the non‐participating neighbors and people from the reference communities. However, results revealed challenges of scaling up the programs to include more community members. Participants' attitudes toward sustainable resource use and cotton‐top tamarin conservation were not stronger than others who do not receive benefits from the alternative livelihoods programs, and at times were contrary to the conservation goals, revealing a gap in program training for newer participants. Conservation programs using alternative livelihood strategies can apply the lessons learned in our 16 years of implementation and this post hoc evaluation to strengthen the connection between alternative livelihoods and conservation goals.

The article compares Thomas Jefferson’s and Domingo F. Sarmiento’s treatment of the indigenous figure. Using Eugenio d’Ors’ concept of the “Baroque Wild Man,” it argues that the Baroque manifests itself in these statesmen through their search for a paternal and primitive ancestor; a prehistorical father residing at the core of their projects to enter into modernity.

Thomas Savage (d. 1507), who would become Archbishop of York in 1501, was certainly in Padua in the academic year 1481–82, when he became rector of the universitas iuristarum. So far very little has been known of his Paduan year, but now we can add to this knowledge two relevant documents: the rotulus (the list of teaching posts with the names of the respective lecturers) approved at the beginning of his mandate, and the doctorate in civil law he was awarded at the end of his year as a rector by the Palatine Count Girolamo Capodilista. These documents, both unpublished, allow us a better understanding of some details of his Paduan sojourn.

[...]both books spend considerable energy making and discussing the Welsh Romantic connections of Thomas Gray Claiming Cambria - henceforward CC); Thomas Love Peacock, Robert Southey, Percy Bysshe Shelley, and Felicia Hemans (both books) ; and Walter Savage Landor and Thomas De Quincey Wales and the Romantic Imagination - henceforward WRI), all of whose fame or notoriety might have seemed heretofore inextricably bound to the English currents of the day, for whom it seems evident they directed their works. [...]both books direcdy tackle the difficulties of finding Welsh Romanticism. Nonetheless this book carefully charts the emergence in the 18th and 19th centuries of movements to restore Welsh cultural, if not political, independence through the agency of Welsh societies, such as the Cymmrodorion and the Gwyneddigion, which actively encouraged the collection and publication of Welsh legends and lore in Welsh and in English, and the revival of the Eisteddfod, annual competitive gatherings of musicians, singers, and poets, \"which has the power to unite the Welsh, not in an idle pass time, but in the shaping of their own collective identity, as it will be perceived by those who are placed outside\" (146), that is, again, for another audience. [...]the collection itself seems then to fall back upon itself, recursively, perhaps, with its last chapter a consideration of the satiric scorn hurled at Robert Owen's communitarian visions in the later years of the Romantic period: \"His Welshness continues to be ignored at precisely the moment when the Welsh Evangelical Revival is at its strongest and Wales is attaining a strong independent identity and autonomy from England\" (259). [...]in these essays Wales in the Romantic Era emerges, shines briefly, and then seems to fade away again as it began, to become virtually invisible, only found, perhaps, in the excavations of these scholars of Romanticism, undertaking the essential reclamation.