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The objective of this study is to develop a psychometric measurement tool that can be used to identify the underlying reasons for binge-watching behaviour and to introduce this tool to the field. To this end, data were collected from 351 individuals (aged 18 years and over) residing in Pendik-Istanbul/Türkiye using a convenience sampling method and face-to-face surveys. The initial scale included 35 items. Following expert reviews and a pilot study, the number of items was reduced to 31. The revised draft scale, now comprising 31 items, was subsequently administered to the sample group. Following which, data analysis was conducted, beginning with exploratory factor analysis. The exploratory factor analysis revealed that seven items were redundant, leaving 24 items in the final version of the scale. The remaining items were grouped under three factors: “reward”, “socialisation”, and “loneliness”. To validate the structure identified through exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis was performed. This analysis revealed that the model exhibited an excellent statistical fit to the data. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the newly developed scale was found to be 0.928. In conclusion, the developed scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring individuals’ attitudes toward binge-watching. This newly developed scale is anticipated to pave the way and provide guidance for future research in this field. Additionally, it is suggested that the scale be explored with related variables in Turkish and international samples to encourage and foster new research.

Agile methodologies have emerged as transformative paradigms in the ever-evolving software development landscape, emphasizing iterative development, customer collaboration, and adaptability. As the scope and complexity of projects and organizations expand, applying agile principles within the context of Large-Scale Agile Development (LSAD) encounters distinctive challenges. The majority of challenges encountered in LSAD, technical and non-technical, are attributed to the accrual of social debt. However, a conspicuous gap remains in understanding and addressing social debt in LSAD. This study aims to fill this void by investigating social debt in LSAD through an in-depth industrial case study with a leading Nordic company specializing in telecommunications software and services and focusing on producing secure 5G network solutions. The study investigates the causes of LSAD’s social debt and examines its impacts on secure 5G telecom software development. By addressing these objectives, this research sheds light on a critical aspect of LSAD’s social debt, caused by 3C challenges(communication, coordination and collaboration), social confines challenges, community smells challenges, and organisational social challenges in the telecom sector that have been underrepresented in the existing literature.

Previous research has measured athletic identity by using multiple questionnaires, which mainly tap into the commitment dimension of athletic identity. The aim of the present study was to develop and investigate the psychometric features of a multidimensional measure to assess sport‐specific identity exploration and commitment dimensions. Therefore, we adapted the Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS) to a sport‐specific context (DIDS‐Athlete or DIDS‐A) to identify three sport‐specific exploration dimensions and two sport‐specific commitment dimensions. Data of the DIDS‐A and other self‐report measures assessing sociodemographic variables, sport‐related variables, and psychological symptoms were collected from 173 competitive athletes (72.1% women; age range: 16–34 years) who are all members of track and field sport clubs in Flanders (Belgium). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the five‐factor structure of the DIDS‐A and the scales had sufficient internal consistency. Athletic ruminative exploration, characterized by repeatedly worrying about sport‐identity related choices, was related to being younger, having a higher number of resting days, having one or more sport‐injuries, lower levels of competition, and higher levels of depressive symptoms and more exercise to control weight. The commitment dimensions, on the contrary, showed an opposite—more resilient—pattern. Therefore, it seems indicative to target athletes who score high on ruminative exploration about their role as athlete and to monitor them during their athletic trajectory. Summary We developed a multidimensional tool to assess three identity exploration dimensions and two commitment dimensions in athletes, that is, the Dimensions of Identity Development Scale‐Athlete (DIDS‐A). All five DIDS‐A scales showed acceptable to good internal consistency coefficients and congruent validity with other identity measures, depression, and compulsive exercise. Future research needs to assess whether the DIDS‐A can identity vulnerable athletes, adding to the prevention or treatment of psychological symptoms and enhancing well‐being of athletes.

The not-invented-here (NIH) syndrome has been called one of the largest obstacles in innovation management, preventing effective knowledge transfer between organizational units and individuals. NIH is defined as a negatively shaped attitude towards knowledge that has to cross a disciplinary, spatial, or organizational boundary, resulting in either its suboptimal utilization or its rejection. Our goal is to equip scholars with appropriate measurement instruments for the phenomenon. On the basis of 4 studies with 1,238 subjects overall, we developed an implicit measure based on the implicit-association test as well as an explicit (survey) measure of NIH, taking into account theoretical insights on attitude structure. We provide evidence for reliability as well as construct and criterion validity. We want to facilitate further research on NIH and knowledge transfer (a) by providing a better theoretical framework for NIH on the basis of the tripartite componential model of attitudes, (b) by demonstrating the application of association-based implicit measures for management research, and (c) by providing a validated multidimensional survey scale to measure NIH explicitly. We also provide recommendations on how managers can utilize the NIH measurement instruments to investigate NIH and potential countermeasures in detail and they can test the behavioral outcomes postulated by previous research.

Solid particles are generally considered to be the most suitable heat transfer fluid (HTF) and thermal energy storage (TES) materials for the next‐generation concentrated solar power (CSP) plant. The operating temperature of the solar receiver can be raised to exceed 800°C by the application of appropriate solid particles. In this way, power conversion efficiencies greater than 50% can be achieved with the supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) Brayton cycle. Solid particle solar receiver (SPSR) is the key equipment to absorb the concentrated solar flux, and its thermal performance is remarkably affected by receiver system designs, particle flow characteristics, and properties of solid particulate materials. This paper provides an in‐depth review of various SPSR technologies, as well as pertinent solid particle selections, optimization of the receiver system structures, particle flow characteristics, and heat transfer characteristics. The technical drawbacks, the large‐scale development prospects, and the potential optimization strategies of the various SPSR designs are highlighted by the comparative analysis of multiple parameters. This review summarizes the various solid particle solar receiver technologies that are of great interest to both academia and industry. The relevant solid particle selections, optimization of the receiver system structures, particle flow characteristics, and heat transfer characteristics are discussed. Finally, we conclude the technical drawbacks, the large‐scale development prospects, and the potential optimization strategies of the multiple designs.

Strikes are a recurrent phenomenon in many countries. However, research on strikes from a psychological perspective has been limited. By developing a sound measure to assess attitudes and behavioral reactions to strikes, we will be in a better position to evaluate these constructs in individuals and compare across studies. Therefore, we developed a scale to assess attitudes and behavioral reactions to strikes following classic scale development guidelines using four samples (total N = 1369; N1 = 304, N2 = 209, N3 = 443, N4 = 413). In Study 1, we used exploratory factor analysis to reduce the generated items to a scale and showed that the strike attitude and behavioral reactions scale consists of one affective factor (negative reactions towards strikes), one cognitive factor (legitimacy of strikes), and three behavioral factors (informing oneself about strikes, strike-related social network behavior, and support of strikers). Study 2 confirmed these five factors and showed acceptable psychometric properties. Study 3 supported the construct validity of the developed scale: the five factors were correlated with willingness to strike and attitudes towards unions, among other variables. Study 4 further showed that the scale can also capture attitudes and behavioral reactions towards specific strikes. Overall, these studies indicate that the strike attitude and behavioral reactions scale is a psychometrically sound measure consisting of five factors.

The Cognitive Scale of the Development Support in Childcare (CSDSC) developed in 2023 has adequate reliability and validity. However, it has some limitations in terms of its factor structure. Thus, we re-examined the structural factors, reliability, and validity of the scale using the same data (513 valid responses) as in the original study. In contrast to the two-factor model of the original scale, the revised scale has a one-factor structure. The scale’s Cronbach’s α value was 0.83. A confirmatory factor analysis used to assess whether a one- or two-factor structure was more appropriate for the scale demonstrated that the one-factor model was a better fit, and the revised scale had a higher degree of validity than the original one. The results indicate that the revised and shortened CSDSC has sufficiently high levels of reliability and validity, suggesting that the scale is appropriate for evaluating nursery teachers’ values regarding child development support in childcare.

Aim: To translate the Rushton Moral Resilience Scale (RMRS) into Japanese and validate its applicability among Japanese healthcare professionals. Background: To overcome daily challenges in the field of healthcare, in which moral difficulties are routinely encountered, the development of intervention methods to address moral suffering and moral distress is crucial. Methods: We conducted a cross‐sectional survey using a web‐based questionnaire. The RMRS‐16 was translated into Japanese and confirmed through back‐translation. Reliability analyses (Cronbach’s alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]), confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs), correlation analyses, t ‐tests, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to assess the validity of the scale. Results: Participants comprised 1295 healthcare professionals, including 498 nurses. All subscales and the total scale had acceptable reliability values (α ≥ 0.70). CFA supported the original four‐factor structure (response to moral adversity, personal integrity, relational integrity, and moral efficacy), with acceptable fit indices. The ANOVA results suggested that, among Japanese healthcare professionals, nurses and individuals from other professions showed lower average moral resilience scores compared to physicians, consistent with previous research on mental health and moral distress. In addition, women scored lower for moral resilience than men. However, the ICC values for the subscales of the RMRS were below acceptable levels, and the results of the standardized residual covariances also suggested a model misfit. Conclusion and Implications: The reliability, validity, and utility of the Japanese version of the RMRS were generally supported. However, there were areas at the item level that required structural examination. The current findings suggest that there are cultural differences in the concept of moral resilience. Therefore, for future cultural comparisons, the original four‐factor structure was maintained in the Japanese version without modifications. Further conceptual development of moral resilience is needed in Japanese healthcare.

To date, there are no established scales to assess PrEP stigma among youth. We validated the Youth PrEP Stigma Scale within the Adolescent Trials Network P3 study (2019–2021). Data from sexual and gender minority youth (16–24 years) who were prescribed PrEP across nine domestic sites were evaluated (N = 235). Descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and correlation coefficients are reported. Results yielded a three-factor solution (PrEP Disapproval by Others, Enacted PrEP Stigma, and PrEP User Stereotypes) with strong factor loadings and Cronbach’s alphas ranging from 0.83 to 0.90, suggesting excellent internal consistency. Correlations between this Scale, anticipated HIV stigma, perceived HIV risk, and disclosure of sexual identity were significant, indicating potential for robust application. Given the persistence of HIV infections among youth, stigma as a barrier to prevention, and expansion of PrEP modalities, the Youth PrEP Stigma Scale could enhance intervention and mechanistic research among youth at elevated risk for HIV acquisition.

The importance of trust as a key facilitator of electronic commerce is increasingly being recognized in academic and practitioner communities. However, empirical research in this area has been beset by conflicting conceptualizations of the trust construct, inadequate attention to its underlying dimensions, causes, and effects, and lack of a validated trust scale. This paper addresses these limitations in part by theoretically conceptualizing and empirically validating a scale to measure individual trust in online firms. The proposed scale taps into three key dimensions of trust: trustee's ability, benevolence, and integrity. An iterative testing and refinement procedure using two field surveys of online retailing and online banking users, leads to a final seven-item trust scale that exhibits adequate levels of reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and nomological validity. It is expected that the scale presented in this paper will assist future empirical research on trust in online entities.