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"Seawater"
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Sounds in the sea : from ocean acoustics to acoustical oceanography
\"Sounds in the Sea is a comprehensive and accessible textbook on ocean acoustics and acoustical oceanography. 'Ocean acoustics' describes the traditional direction in which our knowledge of ocean temperature and salinity allows us to use sound to find fish, submarines, icebergs, and the depth of the ocean. 'Acoustical oceanography' interprets the distinctive details of time-varying sound amplitudes and phases over acoustical paths to deduce the physical and biological parameters of the specific ocean through which the sound has travelled.\" \"Sounds in the Sea is an invaluable textbook for any course in ocean acoustics in the physical and biological ocean sciences, engineering, and physics. It will also serve as a reference for researchers and professionals in ocean acoustics, and an excellent introduction to the topic for scientists from related fields.\"--BOOK JACKET.
Book
Marine corrosion and cathodic protection
\"This comprehensive practitioner guide presents CP theory to industry recognised codes for basic and advanced applications to metals, with an outline of subsea coating systems. It covers retrofitting and for internal applications, along with computational modelling, and the management of offshore CP systems\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Medium-term exposure of the North Atlantic copepod Calanus finmarchicus to CO.sub.2-acidified seawater: effects on survival and development
The impact of medium-term exposure to CO.sub.2 -acidified seawater on survival, growth and development was investigated in the North Atlantic copepod Calanus finmarchicus. Using a custom developed experimental system, fertilized eggs and subsequent development stages were exposed to normal seawater (390 ppm CO.sub.2) or one of three different levels of CO.sub.2 -induced acidification (3300, 7300, 9700 ppm CO.sub.2). Following the 28-day exposure period, survival was found to be unaffected by exposure to 3300 ppm CO.sub.2, but significantly reduced at 7300 and 9700 ppm CO.sub.2 . Also, the proportion of copepodite stages IV to VI observed in the different treatments was significantly affected in a manner that may indicate a CO.sub.2 -induced retardation of the rate of ontogenetic development. Morphometric analysis revealed a significant increase in size (prosome length) and lipid storage volume in stage IV copepodites exposed to 3300 ppm CO.sub.2 and reduced size in stage III copepodites exposed to 7300 ppm CO.sub.2 . Together, the findings indicate that a pCO.sub.2 level ≤2000 ppm (the highest CO.sub.2 level expected by the year 2300) will probably not directly affect survival in C. finmarchicus. Longer term experiments at more moderate CO.sub.2 levels are, however, necessary before the possibility that growth and development may be affected below 2000 ppm CO.sub.2 can be ruled out.
Journal Article
From sea to salt
\"How does seawater turn into crystals of salt? Follow each step--from filling ponds with seawater to sprinkling salt on your popcorn--in this fascinating book!\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Plankton networks driving carbon export in the oligotrophic ocean
The biological carbon pump is the process by which CO
2
is transformed to organic carbon via photosynthesis, exported through sinking particles, and finally sequestered in the deep ocean. While the intensity of the pump correlates with plankton community composition, the underlying ecosystem structure driving the process remains largely uncharacterized. Here we use environmental and metagenomic data gathered during the
Tara
Oceans expedition to improve our understanding of carbon export in the oligotrophic ocean. We show that specific plankton communities, from the surface and deep chlorophyll maximum, correlate with carbon export at 150 m and highlight unexpected taxa such as Radiolaria and alveolate parasites, as well as
Synechococcus
and their phages, as lineages most strongly associated with carbon export in the subtropical, nutrient-depleted, oligotrophic ocean. Additionally, we show that the relative abundance of a few bacterial and viral genes can predict a significant fraction of the variability in carbon export in these regions.
Plankton communities in the top 150 m of the nutrient-depleted, oligotrophic global ocean that are most associated with carbon export include unexpected taxa, such as Radiolaria, alveolate parasites, and
Synechococcus
and their phages, and point towards potential functional markers predicting a significant fraction of the variability in carbon export in these regions.
Oceanic plankton associated with carbon flux
Using environmental and metagenomic data collected during the
Tara
Oceans expedition, this study examines the plankton communities that are most strongly associated with carbon export in the top 150 metres of the nutrient-depleted, oligotrophic global ocean. This work highlights some unexpected taxa as lineages strongly associated with carbon export, including Dinophyceae and Rhizaria, and alveolate parasites, in addition to
Synechococcus
and their phages, and suggests that the relative abundance of just a few bacterial and viral genes can predict most of the variability in carbon export in these regions.
Journal Article
Aquatic organic matter fluorescence
\"This is the first comprehensive text on the theory and practice of aquatic organic matter fluorescence analysis, written by the experts who pioneered the research area. This book covers the topic in the broadest possible terms, providing a common reference for making measurements that are comparable across disciplines, and allowing consistent interpretation of data and results. The book includes the fundamental physics and chemistry of organic matter fluorescence, as well as the effects of environmental factors. All aspects of sample handling, data processing, and the operation of both field and laboratory instrumentation are included, providing the practical advice required for successful fluorescence analyses. Advanced methods for data interpretation and modeling, including parallel factor analysis, are also discussed. The book will interest those establishing field, laboratory, or industrial applications of fluorescence, including advanced students and researchers in environmental chemistry, marine science, environmental geosciences, environmental engineering, soil science, and physical geography\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Greening Drylands with Seawater Easily and Naturally
The sun and sea are inexhaustible sources of energy and water that could be used to transform drylands into more viable ecosystems. A sustainable and cost-effective approach is proposed for greening drylands and restoring wildlife and biodiversity in deserts using seawater desert-houses (or movable seawater ponds) that could offer important environmental advantages.
Journal Article