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"Selective mutism"
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Treatment for children with selective mutism : an integrative behavioral approach
\"Selective Mutism (SM) is an impairing behavioral condition in which a child fails to speak in certain social situations despite speaking regularly and normally in other situations. SM presents a significant mental and public health problem due to impact on the social, emotional, and academic functioning of young children at a critical point in their development. SM is closely related to childhood social phobia, but it cannot be treated in the same way because of the young age of the children affected, their lack of speech in the treatment setting, and the need for significant school involvement in treatment. Treatment for Children with Selective Mutism outlines the sequence and essential elements to guide clinicians through a comprehensive, integrated program for young children who display symptoms of SM. This approach utilizes behavioral interventions targeting gradual increases in speaking across settings in which the child initially has difficulty. The integrated nature of the therapy refers to the goal of incorporating input from the clinician with that from the parents and teacher, as well as others impacted by the lack of speech. Exposure exercises are based on behavioral techniques such as stimulus fading, shaping, and systematic desensitization that also allow for a less intense or gradual exposure to the speaking situation. These techniques are combined and used flexibly with a behavioral reward system for participation in treatment. The approach was developed by Dr. R. Lindsey Bergman as part of the UCLA Childhood OCD, Anxiety, and Tic Disorders Program. The treatment protocol consists of 20 sessions, 60 minutes each, delivered over the course of 24 weeks. Treatment for Children with Selective Mutism is an invaluable guide for mental health professionals who deliver CBT-based treatment to children and want to help those with SM\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Finding Your Voice
Selective mutism is a childhood anxiety disorder characterised by a child's inability to speak and communicate effectively in select social settings, such as school. These children are able to speak and communicate in settings where they are comfortable, secure, and relaxed. Most children with selective mutism also have social phobia or social anxiety: they fear social interactions where there is an expectation to speak and communicate. Finding Your Voice highlights the different challenges a child with selective mutism might face, and provides effective, research-based behavioural intervention plans. Tips for engaging and motivating children are provided, focusing on a gradual, step-wise approach to increased speech, as well as fun and engaging activities that can be used at each step of treatment. Authurs: Dr Daniel Fung, Dr Claire Kwan, Wong Zi Jun, Dr Kirthana Vasudevan.
eBook
Lotería : a novel
Using a deck of Lotería cards as her muse, eleven-year-old Luz Castillo, a ward of the state who has retreated into silence, finds each shuffle sparking a random memory that, pieced together, brings into focus the events that led to her present situation.
Book
The Validation of the Selective Mutism Questionnaire for Use in the Dutch Population
Selective mutism (SM) is an anxiety disorder in children/adolescents, characterized by the absence of speaking in specific social situations, mostly at school. The selective mutism questionnaire (SMQ) is a parent report, internationally used to assess SM symptomatology and treatment outcomes. Since no assessment instrument for SM was available in the Netherlands, our aim was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Dutch translation of the SMQ, through reliability, confirmatory factor, and ROC analyses conducted on data obtained in 303 children (ages 3–17 years; clinical SM group n = 106, control group n = 197). The SMQ turned out to be highly reliable (α = 0.96 in the combined sample; 0.83 within the clinical group) and followed the expected factor structure. We conclude that the Dutch version of the SMQ is a reliable and valid tool both as a screening and clinical instrument to assess SM in Dutch speaking children.
Journal Article
Thornhill
\"Parallel plotlines set in different times, one told in text and one in art, inform each other as a young girl unravels the mystery of a ghost next door\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Meta-analysis of behavioral treatments for selective mutism: findings from selective mutism questionnaire (SMQ) and school speech questionnaire (SSQ)
Background
This meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy of behavioral therapy for selective mutism (SM) using the Selective Mutism Questionnaire (SMQ) and School Speech Questionnaire (SSQ).
Methods
We analyzed 12 articles involving 472 participants and comprising three randomized controlled trials and nine before-after or multiple baseline study designs.
Results
Our findings indicate a significant improvement in symptoms of SM, as indicated by the SMQ total, the SMQ subsections scores (school, home, and public), and the SSQ. The mean SMQ total score improved by 0.51 [95% confidence interval of 0.32–0.70] with a large effect size (Hedges’ adjusted g = 1.00 [0.62–1.39]). This effect did not differ significantly based on the study design. Based on the treatment strategy, web-based treatment demonstrated less improvement (0.12 [− 0.11–0.36]) compared with face-to-face treatment (0.59 [0.39–0.80]).
Conclusions
This meta-analysis revealed that SM treatment significantly improved their speaking behavior measured by the SMQ and SSQ, though potential subgroups that influence the treatment efficacy remain. SMQ has also shown validity and responsiveness as an outcome tool for behavioral therapy for SM. Further clinical practices with randomized controlled trials are recommended to clarify the potential differences of treatment or target populations.
Key points
Estimating the effect size of selective mutism (SM) treatment is essential to provide evidence-based intervention for children with SM.
The Selective Mutism Questionnaire (SMQ) and School Speech Questionnaire (SSQ) are commonly used to assess children with SM.
We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of behavioral SM treatment using the SMQ and SSQ, analyzing 12 articles with 472 participants.
SM treatment significantly improved the weighted mean difference scores on both the SMQ and SSQ, with face-to-face treatment being more effective than web-based treatment.
Journal Article
Calling the water drum
\"A young boy loses both parents as they attempt to flee Haiti for a better life, and afterward is only able to process his grief and communicate with the outside world through playing the drums. Includes author's note.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Muzykoterapia i interwencja oparta na muzyce jako forma pracy terapeutyczno-wychowawczej łagodząca objawy mutyzmu wybiórczego u dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym i wczesnoszkolnym
Mutyzm wybiórczy jest zaburzeniem coraz częściej rozpoznawanym wśród dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym i wczesnoszkolnym, dlatego wciąż poszukuje się optymalnych technik interwencji terapeutycznych. Muzykoterapia okazuje się efektywna w pracy z dziećmi, które są dotknięte izolacją komunikacyjną w środowisku przedszkolnym lub szkolnym, przejawiającą się w nieobecnych, zubożałych lub trudnych relacjach z rówieśnikami. W artykule przedstawiono specyfikę i wieloczynnikową etiologię zaburzenia. W dalszej części tekstu zaprezentowane zostały wybrane techniki inicjowania interwencji opartej na muzyce jako jednego z podejść terapeutycznych w pracy z dziećmi z mutyzmem wybiórczym. Zaakcentowano potencjał muzykoterapii w procesie obniżania poziomu lęku (pozbywania się lęku przed mówieniem) oraz możliwie szybkiego przywracania swobodnej komunikacji niewerbalnej u dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym i wczesnoszkolnym. Zwrócono także uwagę na specyfikę relacji terapeuta - dziecko, sprzyjającej efektywnemu angażowaniu się dziecka w proces terapeutyczny oparty na muzyce. Głównym wnioskiem z niniejszego opracowania jest to, iż muzykoterapia, która wykazuje duży potencjał psychologiczny, medyczny i w szczególności pedagogiczny, może pośrednio wspierać obniżanie napięcia emocjonalnego i pokonywanie lęku przed mówieniem, a w konsekwencji - uzyskanie komunikacji. Jest więc wartą uwagi opcją terapeutyczną w pracy z dziećmi z mutyzmem wybiórczym w przedszkolach i szkołach.
Journal Article
I'll be there
Raised by an unstable father who keeps constantly on the move, Sam Border has long been the voice of his younger brother, Riddle, but everything changes when Sam meets Emily Bell and, welcomed by her family, the brothers are faced with normalcy for the first time.
Book
Selective Mutism and Its Relations to Social Anxiety Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder
In current classification systems, selective mutism (SM) is included in the broad anxiety disorders category. Indeed, there is abundant evidence showing that anxiety, and social anxiety in particular, is a prominent feature of SM. In this article, we point out that autism spectrum problems in addition to anxiety problems are sometimes also implicated in SM. To build our case, we summarize evidence showing that SM, social anxiety disorder (SAD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are allied clinical conditions and share communalities in the realm of social difficulties. Following this, we address the role of a prototypical class of ASD symptoms, restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBIs), which are hypothesized to play a special role in the preservation and exacerbation of social difficulties. We then substantiate our point that SM is sometimes more than an anxiety disorder by addressing its special link with ASD in more detail. Finally, we close by noting that the possible involvement of ASD in SM has a number of consequences for clinical practice with regard to its classification, assessment, and treatment of children with SM and highlight a number of directions for future research.
Journal Article