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The Amartya Sen's Criticism to the Rawlsiane Conception of Justice/A Critica de Amartya Sen a Concepcao Rawlsiana de Justica
The purpose of this text is to focus on justice subject by the philosophy of John Rawls and the economic vision of Amartya Sen. The objective is to present, initially, Amartya's through about justice structured in a practical view, i.e., linked to a prospective point of view about solutions to social problems. Then, will be addressed the principles of justice by John Rawls and the critique of Amartya Sen to this conception, nominated as transcendental institutionalism by him. The intention is compose a parallel between these two different conception of fare, in the rush to contribute with this contemporary debate. Keywords: Justice. Development as Freedom. A Theory of Justice. Amartya Sen. John Rawls. O presente artigo tem como intuito abordar o tema da justica na obra do filosofo John Rawls e do economista Amartya Sen. O objetivo e apresentar, em um primeiro momento, a nocao de justica de Amartya construida sob uma otica pratica, ou seja, vinculada a uma otica prospectiva de resolucao de problemas sociais. Em seguida, serao abordados os principios de justica de John Rawls e a critica de Sen a essa concepcao denominada por ele institucionalismo transcendental. O intuito e estabelecer um paralelo entre duas concepcoes distintas do justo, no afa de se contribuir com o debate contemporaneo acerca do tema. Palavras-chave: Justica. Uma Teoria da Justica. Amartya Sen. John Rawls.
Journal Article
Schumer on becoming senate majority leader: ‘I feel the full weight of that responsibility’
Senate Majority Leader Charles E. Schumer (D-N.Y.) noted that he's the first New York-born majority leader on Jan. 20 after Democrats took control of the Senate.
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The Amartya Sen's Criticism to the Rawlsiane Conception of Justice/A Critica de Amartya Sen a Concepcao Rawlsiana de Justica
The purpose of this text is to focus on justice subject by the philosophy of John Rawls and the economic vision of Amartya Sen. The objective is to present, initially, Amartya's through about justice structured in a practical view, i.e., linked to a prospective point of view about solutions to social problems. Then, will be addressed the principles of justice by John Rawls and the critique of Amartya Sen to this conception, nominated as transcendental institutionalism by him. The intention is compose a parallel between these two different conception of fare, in the rush to contribute with this contemporary debate.
Journal Article
Legislative Effectiveness in the United States Senate
Just like members of the House, US senators vary in how effective they are at lawmaking. We create Legislative Effectiveness Scores for each senator in each of the 93rd–113th Congresses (1973–2015). We use these scores to explore common claims about institutional differences in lawmaking between the House and the Senate. Our analysis offers strong support for the claim that the Senate is a more egalitarian and individualistic lawmaking body, in comparison to the relatively hierarchical institutional structure of the House. The scores developed here offer scholars numerous opportunities to explore important lawmaking phenomena.
Journal Article
Text as Data: The Promise and Pitfalls of Automatic Content Analysis Methods for Political Texts
Politics and political conflict often occur in the written and spoken word. Scholars have long recognized this, but the massive costs of analyzing even moderately sized collections of texts have hindered their use in political science research. Here lies the promise of automated text analysis: it substantially reduces the costs of analyzing large collections of text. We provide a guide to this exciting new area of research and show how, in many instances, the methods have already obtained part of their promise. But there are pitfalls to using automated methods—they are no substitute for careful thought and close reading and require extensive and problem-specific validation. We survey a wide range of new methods, provide guidance on how to validate the output of the models, and clarify misconceptions and errors in the literature. To conclude, we argue that for automated text methods to become a standard tool for political scientists, methodologists must contribute new methods and new methods of validation.
Journal Article
Is It Whom You Know or What You Know? An Empirical Assessment of the Lobbying Process
Do lobbyists provide issue-specific information to members of Congress? Ordo they provide special interests access to politicians? We present evidence to assess the role of issue expertise versus connections in the US Federal lobbying process and illustrate how both are at work. In support of the connections view, we show that lobbyists follow politicians they were initially connected to when those politicians switch to new committee assignments. In support of the expertise view, we show that there is a group of experts that even politicians of opposite political affiliation listen to. However, we find a more consistent monetary premium for connections than expertise.
Journal Article
Not Your Average Visitor: Senator Edward \Ted\ Kennedy in London and Bucharest
After an official greeting at the airport and settling in briefly at the government-provided guest house, the senator and foreign policy aide Robert Hunter repaired to a pre-arranged gathering of mostly young people, who eagerly crowded around them, at Carul cu Bere, a well-known Bucharest pub (founded in 1897). The next day Senator Kennedy visited an open-air produce market at Piata Unirea and dropped in at the American Library before leaving for a four-and-a-half-hour session, including a meal, with President Ceausescu. Mr. Rickert holds a B.A. degree in history from Princeton University and an M.A. in international relations from the George Washington University.
Journal Article
Corporate Money in Politics Faces a Reckoning
After the attempted coup and attack on the US Capitol on Jan 6, many companies quickly made a rare move: They cut donations to politicians. Dozens of multinationals started by pausing all political donations. A subset -- the more courageous and honest companies -- have declared that they will not give any money to the 147 US congressional representatives and senators who voted to overturn the normally ceremonial Electoral College vote count. Starting with Blue Cross, Dow, Marriott, and a few other first movers, the growing list now includes Airbnb, Amazon, American Express, AT&T, Cisco, Citi, Comcast, Disney, Exelon, GE, Goldman Sachs, Intel, Kraft Heinz, Mastercard, Morgan Stanley, Nike, Oracle, Pfizer, State Street, Walmart, and Verizon. In other words, this is not the usual tiny list of progressive companies like Patagonia that put pressure on governments to pass more aggressive environmental laws. This is something new. And it is no small monetary issue -- companies have given at least $170 million to those 147 legislators over the past four years.
Journal Article