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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which promoting sense of community moderates the relationship between servant leadership style and socially responsible leadership (SRL) of public universities in Uganda.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted cross-sectional survey design to collect data at one point in time using self-administered questionnaires from 214 respondents to examine the relationship between servant leadership and socially responsible leadership with promoting sense of community as a moderator. The study used statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) PROCESS MACRO to establish clusters among the surveyed public universities and later a model was derived.FindingsThe study found a significant moderating effect of promoting sense of community on servant leadership and socially responsible leadership. Implying that investment in promoting sense of community creates awareness about the socially responsible leadership in public universities.Practical implicationsManagers of public universities need to pay keen interest in promoting sense of community to boost socially responsible leadership by building a strong servant leadership style through promoting sense of community for senior managers and leaders especially heads of departments, faculty deans and principals in public universities.Originality/valueThis study contributes to socially responsible leadership literature by advancing the idea that SRL is an important resource that enhances through instituting servant leadership and promoting sense of community in a complex environment. Ideally, servant leadership and promoting sense of community is one of the drivers of customer value, efficiency and effectiveness of public universities.

Psychological sense of community (PSOC) is an important construct for health and well-being outcomes for community-dwelling older adults. Drawing on the Ecological Theory of Aging and the Age-Friendly Cities (AFC) framework, this scoping review explored how PSOC has been used in research with community-dwelling older adults. This study examined antecedents, correlates, and outcomes of PSOC, with a focus on relevance to theory and practice. Databases were searched between 1986 and 2021 for peer-reviewed journal articles. Searches identified 582 unique articles, and 28 were included in the final sample. Three primary themes emerged in the synthesis: relevance to the AFC framework, PSOC as a predictor of health and well-being outcomes, and the role of PSOC in relocation. Findings from this review show that PSOC serves as a mechanism that links the social and physical AFC environments with health and well-being outcomes. This review also presents mechanisms for how features of the environment relate to PSOC. These findings demonstrate the role of PSOC as a resource to improve person–environment fit. Results from this review can be used to guide future research and inform theory, policy, and practice.

Exploring the role of community service satisfaction in the impact of community social capital (community participation, trust in community organizations) on the sense of community belonging is significant for finding multiple paths for community governance in rapidly urbanizing areas. By constructing an integrated theoretical framework and conducting an empirical analysis in Nanjing, China, this study found that community service satisfaction plays a complete mediating role in the positive impact of community participation on the sense of community belonging, and a partial mediating role in the positive impact of trust in community organizations on the sense of community belonging. Therefore, community service satisfaction is both a reflection of community governance ability and also an intermediary path for community social capital to improve residents’ sense of community belonging.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the structural relationships between a sense of virtual community (SOVC), community satisfaction, community involvement, community commitment and alternative attractiveness in the online fan community context.Design/methodology/approachThis study gathered and empirically analyzed data from 277 members of the online Super Junior fan community with frequency, reliability, confirmatory factor analyses and structural equation modeling (SEM) with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 and AMOS 24.0.FindingsThe findings of SEM indicated that community satisfaction was significantly influenced by the four dimensions of SOVC, while community involvement was significantly affected by membership and fulfillment of needs. Also, community commitment and alternative attractiveness were significantly impacted by community satisfaction and community involvement. Lastly, privacy concern moderated the paths from influence to community satisfaction and from community satisfaction to community commitment, respectively.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study should help online fan community administrators to reduce members' perception of alternative attractiveness (other fan communities) and to understand how privacy concern influences members' attitudes toward the online community.Originality/valueIn light of the findings, a greater understanding of the determinants of community commitment and alternative attractiveness along with privacy concern is critical in retaining virtual fan communities' members over the long-term.

ObjectiveTo assess whether (household) food insecurity, access to a regular medical doctor, and sense of community belonging mediate the relationship between mood and/or anxiety disorders and self-rated general health.MethodsWe used six annual cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey, including Canadian adults aged 18–59 years, between 2011 and 2016. Mediation models, adjusted for key determinants of health, were based on a series of weighted logistic regression models. The Sobel products of coefficients approach was used to estimate the indirect effect, and bootstrapping to estimate uncertainty.ResultsThe annual (weighted) prevalence of mood and/or anxiety disorders increased from 11.3% (2011) to 13.2% (2016). Across the 6 years, 23.9–27.7% of individuals with mood and/or anxiety disorders reported fair/poor self-rated health as compared with 4.9–6.5% of those without mood and/or anxiety disorders (p<0.001). Similarly, the 7.2–8.9% of the population reporting fair/poor self-rated health were disproportionately represented among individuals reporting food insecurity (21.1–26.2%, p<0.001) and a weak sense of community belonging (10.0–12.2%, p<0.001). A significantly lower prevalence of poor self-rated health was observed among respondents reporting having access to a regular medical doctor in 2012, 2015, and 2016. In 2016, sense of community belonging and food insecurity significantly mediated the effect of mood and/or anxiety disorders on self-rated general health. Access to a regular medical doctor did not mediate this relationship.ConclusionEfficient policies that address food insecurity and sense of community belonging are needed to decrease the mental health burden and improve health satisfaction of Canadians.

There is a pressing need for substance use services to know more about how to promote recovery from substance use problems, particularly in later life. Psychological sense of community (PSOC) is an important recovery dimension. This study aims to clarify in what ways PSOC and communities influence later life recovery processes. A collaborative and deductive reflexive thematic approach was used to analyse 23 interviews with older adults in recovery from different substance use problems. The findings suggest that PSOC and recovery in later life include multiple communities (relational, geographical, substance use-related, ideal and service-related) and affective states (PSOC and NPSOC). Older adults' recovery, moreover, can be described as personal and heterogenic (with respect to community relationships, individual needs, type of substance use problem, age of onset and meaningful activities). The findings confirm age of onset, type of substance use problem and community memberships as essential to later life recovery. They also supplement prior evidence on community resources and challenges to later life recovery. Importantly, the new findings extend and nuance current understandings of later life recovery. Taken together, the article illustrates MPSOC as a useful concept, with central practical and theoretical implications for later life recovery.

This article investigates the association between sense of community belonging and health among settlements of different size and across the urban to rural continuum in Canada. Using data from the recent 2007/08 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), the objective is to identify the major health, social and geographic determinants of sense of community belonging and to consider policy options aimed at improving sense of belonging among certain segments of the population. The research found a significant and consistent association between sense of belonging and health, particularly mental health, even when controlling for geography and socio-economic status. At the same time, sense of community belonging improved progressively across the urban to rural continuum with remarkably high levels of belonging evident in the outer most regions of Canada. Despite the health deficit that exists in rural and small-town Canada, the paper postulates that these communities are able to overcome health challenges to create conditions conducive to a positive sense of belonging. Overall, sense of belonging was also found to be highest among seniors, people residing in single-detached homes and among couples with children and was lowest among youth, residents of highrise apartments and among single-parents. Finally, in the context of addressing deficiencies in sense of belonging, the paper examines several recent policy developments aimed at improving mental health services in Canada.

This study investigates the impact of prosocial media exposure through virtual reality on altruistic behavior, drawing upon Social Cognitive Theory. It posits that exposure to prosocial content elicits moral elevation, which in turn fosters altruistic behavioral intentions. The study also examines the moderating effects of media synchronicity characteristics, specifically feedback transmission velocity, reprocessability, and rehearsability, in the relationship between prosocial content exposure and moral elevation. Additionally, the role of perceived community responsibility is explored as a moderator in the relationship between moral elevation and altruistic behavior. To test these hypotheses, data were collected from a Taiwanese sample and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The findings provide empirical support for the proposed relationships. Specifically, the results indicate that media synchronicity features significantly strengthen the positive effect of prosocial content exposure on moral elevation. Moreover, a heightened sense of community responsibility was found to amplify the effect of moral elevation on altruistic behavior. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of how technological affordances and psychological constructs jointly shape prosocial outcomes. Practically, the study offers insights for media designers, educators, and policymakers seeking to leverage immersive media environments to cultivate altruistic and community-oriented behavior. By identifying both media-driven and individual-level moderators, this research advances the design of effective prosocial media interventions in contemporary digital contexts.

The present study examined the applicability of Buckner’s Community Integration Scale to China’s relocated migrant groups and tested its reliability and validity indicators. We used the Chinese version of Buckner’s Community Integration Scale to investigate 1,163 relocated immigrants. The Brief Sense of Community Scales (BSCS) and the Index of Well-being scale were used to check criterion validity. The scale was also retested for 101 relocated immigrants after 4 weeks. The Chinese version of the Community Integration Scale has 13 items, including three factors: attraction-to-neighborhood, neighboring, and psychological sense of community. The model fit for the three factors was good. Both the total score of the community integration scale and the scores of each factor had significant positive correlations with BSCS and the index of well-being, suggesting the good stability of this scale over 4 weeks. Based on the factor variance and covariance invariance model, the factor mean invariance appeared to hold by gender. The Chinese version of the Community Integration Scale may be used to effectively measure the community integration of relocated migrant groups in China. These results of the Community Integration Scale may help in designing community integration programs in the future. JEL Classification Codes: C18, J15, I31 Plain Language Summary Applicability of the Community Integration Scale Immigrant community integration is crucial for fostering social cohesion and economic development. When immigrants successfully integrate, they contribute to their communities by enriching the local culture, filling labor shortages, and stimulating economic growth. Effective integration helps promote mutual understanding, and enhances the overall quality of life for both immigrants and native residents. An effective community integration scale can well assess the adaptation of immigrants.Based on the methodological approach, I have revised the original Community Integration Scale in order to make it applicable to immigrants. Based on psychometric methodology, the Chinese version of the Community Integration Scale consists of 13 questions covering three areas, including attraction-to-neighborhood, neighboring and psychological sense of community. This study also points out the stability of this measurement tool.

Parks and other urban natural spaces are increasingly becoming recognized as valuable for supporting socially healthier urban communities. Currently, however, there remains a relative shortage of empirical research specifically evaluating the relationship. This study explores psychological sense of community (PSOC) and its relationship to urban parks, using survey data collected in Norfolk, Virginia. Regression, t-test, and chi square analyses were used to examine how park use frequency and proximity are related to overall PSOC and its components. Our findings suggest that park use has a relationship to PSOC among respondents in our sample. More significantly for park planners and managers, our results also suggest that the presence of nearby parks, regardless of visitation, also has a positive relationship to PSOC.