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Gender considerations and civil society are both major issues in the current debate about the implementation of EU development policy. This volume provides a new perspective and focus on the increasingly important issues of gender equality, democracy and participation to explain how they impact on policy. This book will appeal to those interested in the European Union, in EU external relations, gender issues, civil society, and development.

This book is an actor-centred sociological study of the EU-level processes that produce gender equality policy.Based on interviews and documentary analysis, the study unpacks the process of the \"Roadmap for Equality between Women and Men 2006-2010\" to explain the different roles of actors in the making of EU gender equality policies.

One of the solutions proposed by the European Union to remedy the effects of the 2008 economic crisis is to increase female labour participation. This book explores the policy changes in four new member states that may reduce the gender employment gap and improve women's equal participation in the labour force.

Gender has traditionally proven to be a 'blind spot' for new institutionalists.This book bring gender to the fore as a critical aspect of institutions and opens up new avenues to interrogate the dynamics of power and change.

The European Union today stands on the brink of radical institutional and constitutional change. The most recent enlargement and proposed legal reforms reflect a commitment to democracy: stabilizing political life for citizens governed by new regimes, and constructing a European Union more accountable to civil society. Despite the perceived novelty of these reforms, this book explains (through quantitative data and qualitative case analyses) how the European Court of Justice has developed and sustained a vibrant tradition of democratic constitutionalism since the 1960s. The book documents the dramatic consequences of this institutional change for civil society and public policy reform throughout Europe. Cichowski offers detailed empirical and historical studies of gender equality and environmental protection law across fifteen countries and over thirty years, revealing important linkages between civil society, courts and the construction of governance. The findings bring into question dominant understandings of legal integration.

01 02 This volume is a holistic assessment of six decades of European integration as seen through a gender lens. It features the insights of scholars from nine countries, who analyze new and old barriers to gender equality in all realms of EU activity. The first part of the volume offers a critique of mainstream integration theories and situates women across core institutional settings. It traces women's roles as formal actors, as participants in expert networks, and as creative conceptualizers introducing paradigm-changing frameworks and strategies. It also recognizes women as policy innovators contributing to the larger integration project. In the second part the contributors pay special attention to the development and effects of gender mainstreaming. They explore 'gendering' dynamics and outcomes in EU policy domains, including agriculture, the employment and social policy fields, the research, science and technology sector, and the emergent EU migration and citizenship policy arena. 08 02 'Given the current mood of disenchantment with the EU as a political system, this book provides a timely reminder that for the last 40 years, the EU has acted as a social innovator particularly in the field of gender justice. Many of the provisions for women that we now take for granted have their origins in measures adopted by the EU or fought for in the European Court of Justice. As this book ably illustrates, this provided a platform for policy debate and expansion both into new fields and into new cultural arenas. The picture is a complex one with the relative simplicity of the early days being replaced by a more complex policy frames and more difficult contexts. The great value of this book is that it traces this story not only in the traditional fields of employment and childcare but in new areas such as agriculture, research and technology and migration policy.' - Catherine Hoskyns, Professor, University of Coventry, UK 'In Gendering the European Union the editors have assembled an impressive range of experts and powerful arguments for the importance of the European project for gender equality. The volume turns a wealth of new research into a readable and insightful analysis of the gendered nature of EU institutions and the concrete gender outcomes of EU policymaking. The authors also remind us that the quest for a more inclusive society is fragile under the current conditions of global economic crisis, making this book a must-read for students, scholars, and practitioners interested in the future of gender politics, and, more generally, the future of the European Union.' - Sabine Lang, Associate Professor, Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies, University of Washington, USA 'This book is a must for any European student or scholar. The authors and editors succeed in making a convincing case skilfully and correctly arguing for including a gender analysis into all studies on European integration. Written and edited by leading scholars, this book deserves wide attention and has the potential to become a classic. It not only provides for a better understanding of the theoretical approaches underpinning the European gender analysis over the last 30 years, but it also offers detailed case studies in new policy domains, which help the reader understand the dynamics of European policy making from a gender perspective, making a complex study very approachable. It is feminist analysis and scholarship at its best.' - Barbara Helfferich, European Policy Director, Wildlife Conservation Society.PreviouslySecretary General, European Women's Lobby and Member of the Cabinet of the European Social Affairs Commissioner. 04 02 Contents Acknowledgements List of Tables, Figures and Boxes List of Abbreviations and Acronyms Notes on Contributors Introduction: Studying the European Union from a Gender Perspective; G.Abels & J.M.Mushaben PART I: GENDERING PERSPECTIVES AND EU PROCESSES Gendering Theories of European Integration; A.Kronsell Gendering the Institutions and Actors of the EU; A.van der Vleuten Gendering the EU Policy Process and Constructing the Gender Acquis; B.Locher From Equal Treatment to Gender Mainstreaming and Diversity Management; A.E.Woodward Gendering Enlargement of the European Union; Y.Galligan & S.Clavero PART II: MELIORATING OLD AND NEW EU POLICY DEFICITS AND BLIND SPOTS The Common Agricultural Policy and Gender Equality; E.Prügl Gendering Employment Policy: From Equal Pay to Work-life Balance; A.Hubert Gendering the Social Policy Agenda: Anti-discrimination, Social Inclusion and Social Protection; M.Stratigaki Research by, for and about Women: Gendering Science and Research Policy; G.Abels Women on the Move: EU Migration and Citizenship Policy; J.M.Mushaben Conclusion: Rethinking the Double Democratic Deficit of the EU; J.M.Mushaben & G.Abels References Index 02 02 An exploration of European integration as seen through a gender lens. This book looks at integration theories, institutional relationships, enlargement, the development of gender law and the role of formal actors, scholars and expert networks in the EU policy-making process. With a focus on gender mainstreaming as a new approach to gender policy. 16 02 Behning, Ute and Amparo Serrano Pascual. 2001. Gender Mainstreaming in the European Employment Strategy. Brüssel: ETUI. Biester, Elke, Barbara Holland-Cunz, Mechthild M. Jansen, Eva Maleck-Lewy, Anja Ruf, and Birgit Sauer eds. 1994. Das unsichtbare Geschlecht der Europa. Der europäische Einigungsprozeß aus feministischer Sicht. Frankfurt/M., New York: Campus. Elman, Amy R. 1996. Sexual Politics and the European Union: The New Feminist Challenge. Providence, RI: Berghahn.   Hoskyns, Catherine. 2003. Gender Perspectives. In European Integration Theory. Ed. Wiener, Antje and Thomas Diez. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Judge, David and David Earnshaw. 2003. The European Parliament. Houndmills, New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Liebert, Ulrike ed. 2003.Gendering Europeanisation. Bruxelles, Bern, Berlin, Frankfurt/M., New York, Oxford, Wien: P.I.E.-Peter Lang. van der Vleuten, Anna. 2007. The Price of Gender Equality: Member States and Governance in the European Union. Aldershot: Ashgate. 31 02 An assessment of the sixty-year process of European integration as viewed through a gender lens 13 02 GABRIELE ABELS is Professor of Comparative Political Science and European Integration, Department of Political Science, University of Tübingen, Germany JOYCE MARIE MUSHABEN is Professor of Comparative and Gender Studies, Department of Political Science, University of Missouri-St. Louis, USA 19 02 Adds an important dimension to the study of the European Union by assessing its institutions and policies through the lens of gender Features theoretical insights as well as concrete policy examples compiled by scholars based in nine different countries, ensuring diverse viewpoints and a multiplicity of approaches to specific stages of EU integration Addresses gender developments in 'non-traditional' policy domains Provides a wealth of empirical data based on qualitative and quantitative analysis Written in 'student-friendly' language, the text draws on day-to-day, country-specific examples showing how EU policies have created new opportunities for women     .    

Gender considerations and civil society are both major issues in the current debate about the implementation of EU development policy. This volume provides a new perspective and focus on the increasingly important issues of gender equality, democracy and participation to explain how they impact on policy

01 02 EU member states and candidate countries are increasingly exposed to the domestic impact of EU regulations, policy instruments, and discourses in the fields of gender equality and antidiscrimination. This impact not only affects national or subnational legislations and equality machineries, but also the framing and the wording of these policies, providing domestic actors with new resources and opportunity structures. This book explores the divergent policy outputs in the member states as regards the making of gender and other equalities, bringing together the most recent insights from Europeanization and gender scholars from a discursive-sociological perspective. Using largely unpublished empirical data, the book addresses policy issues ranging from gender violence to reconciliation and antidiscrimination policies, through case studies and comparisons covering up to 29 European countries. The result is a book that provides us with a more realistic and complex picture of Europeanization processes. 04 02 The Europeanization of Gender Equality Policies: a Discursive-Sociological Approach; M.Forest & E.Lombardo 'Going Soft'? Analysing the Contribution of Soft and Hard Measures in EU Gender Law and Policy; F.Beveridge Meanings and Uses of Europe in Making Policies against Domestic Violence in Central and Eastern Europe; A.Krizsan & R.Popa Changing French Reconciliation Policies and the Usages of Europe: Reluctant Europeanization?; S.Jacquot , C.Ledoux & B.Palier Using the EU to Promote Gender Equality Policy in a Traditional Context: Reconciliation of Work and Family Life in Italy; A.Donà Comparing the Europeanization of Multiple Inequalities in Southern Europe: a Discursive Institutionalist Analysis; E.Lombardo & M.Bustelo Swimming Against the Tide: Contested Norms and Antidiscrimination Advocacy in Central and Eastern Europe; A.Buzogány Use of the Europeanization Frame in Same-Sex Partnership Issues across Europe; R.Kuhar Is Gender Equality Soluble into Self-Governance? Regionalizing and Europeanizing Gender Policies in Spain; A.Alonso & M.Forest Prospects and Challenges for Discursive-Sociological Studies of the Europeanization of Equality Policies; E.Lombardo & M.Forest 19 02 Fits with the Politics lists' ongoing development of Gender Studies, while simultaneously adding a new dimension to publishing on European Integration, where Palgrave leads the market This book marks an important addition to the literature on the Europeanization of Public Policy, by analysing the impact of European Integration on domestic policy change International authors with different disciplinary backgrounds (Political science, Law, Sociology, Gender Studies) Focusing on Gender Policy, Lombardo and Forest take a wide-ranging comparative approach, considering policies from young and older member states and from across the Continent The book analyses a broad range of policy issues, including gender violence, reconciliation and antidiscrimination policies 13 02 EMANUELA LOMBARDO Ramón y Cajal Researcher at the Faculty of Political Science of Complutense University, Madrid, Spain, and Researcher in the European QUING project. Her research interests concern gender equality policies, particularly in the European Union and Spain. She is co-editor, with Petra Meier and Mieke Verloo, of The Discursive Politics of Gender Equality. Stretching, Bending, and Policymaking (2009). MAXIME FOREST QUING Post-Doctoral Researcher at the Complutense University, Madrid, Spain. His main research interests include the Europeanization of gender policies at the national and sub-national levels, policy transfers and women's representation. He has published numerous articles in international peer-reviewed journals and chapters in edited volumes. 31 02 Explores the Europeanization of gender and other equality policies from a sociological-discursive approach 02 02 A discursive-sociological approach to the Europeanization of gender and other equality policies. Using largely unpublished empirical data covering twenty-nine European countries this book adopts a pluralistic perspective to explore the complex and often divergent gender and other equality policy outputs of Europeanization. 16 02 the only direct competitors  are Ulrike Liebert's edited volume Gendering Europeanization (Brussels: Peter Lang 2003) and Silke Roth's edited book Gender Politics in the Expanding EU (Oxford: Berghahn Books 2008).

This book is a unique exploration into the gendered politics of the economic crisis in Europe. It focuses, firstly, on the changes in the political and economic decision-making institutions and processes of the EU and their consequences for gender equality policy. Secondly, the book analyses the gendered impacts of austerity politics on member states' gender equality policies, institutions, regimes, and debates. Finally, it addresses feminist and intersectional struggles and resistances against neoliberal, conservative and racist politics across Europe. The authors consider the gendered politics of the economic crisis from a variety of feminist approaches, shedding new light on the concept of the crisis and on questions of politics, institutions and intersectionality. The case studies included refer to different parts of Europe, from North to South and from East to West, capturing the multifaceted gendered impacts of the crisis. The volume will be of interest to students and scholars of politics, international relations, gender studies, economics, law, sociology, social policy, and European studies.

01 02 What is the relative importance of different inequalities for policymaking? Should they all be protected similarly, or are some different and deserving of wider protection? Does the widening protection of multiple inequalities open up the potential for addressing their intersections as well, or is more specific attention needed if intersectionality is to be addressed by equality institutions? The current European arena provides a laboratory for comparative research about these questions. The last decade has seen a steady move away from policy approaches that address different inequalities separately and a move towards an integrated approach to multiple inequalities. This collection maps the ways in which multiple inequalities are being addressed institutionally in Europe, and identifies the changing patterns of institutionalization. Using country-based and region-specific case studies it offers a comparative analysis of the multidimensional equality regimes that are emerging in Europe, and analyses the potential that these have for 'institutionalizing intersectionality'. 02 02 An exploration of the ways that multiple inequalities are being addressed in Europe. Using country-based and region-specific case studies it provides an innovative comparative analysis of the multidimensional equality regimes that are emerging in Europe, and reveals the potential that these have for institutionalizing intersectionality. 19 02 Judith Squires and Heje Skjeie are leading international scholars in this area and bring together the key figures in Gender Studies and Equality/Diversity studies Comparative - an analysis of European equality institutions Original new hypothesis about the explanations for the changing form of equality institutions 16 02 Barry, B. (2001), Culture and Equality. Cambridge: Polity Press. Bell, M. (2003) 'The Right to Equality and Non-Discrimination' in T. Hervey and J. Kenner (eds) Breitenbach, E., A. Brown, F. Mackay and J. Webb (eds) (2002) The Changing Politics of Gender Equality in Britain, Basingstoke, Palgrave. Bustela, M. and C. Ortbals (2007), 'The Evolution of State Feminism: a Fragmented landscape' in J. Outshoorn and J. Kantola (eds), Basingstoke: Palgrave. Cooper. D (2005) Challenging Diversity: Rethinking Equality and the Value of Difference. Cambridge University Press. Fredman, S. and S. Spencer (2003) (ed.) Age as an Equality Issue Hart Publishers. Kymlicka,W. (1995) Multicultural Citizenship Oxford: Oxford University Press. Outshoorn, J and J. Kantola (2007) Changing State Feminism. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Phillips A. (1999), Which Equalities Matter? Cambridge: Polity Press. Phillips, A. (2007) MultiCulturalism Without Culture, Princeton University Press. Schiek, D. and V. Chege, eds. (2008) European Non-Discrimination Law: Comparative Perspectives on Multidimensional Equality Law. Routledge Squires, J. (2007) The New Politics of Gender Equality. Basingstoke: Palgrave. Stetson D. McBride and A. Mazur, (1995), (eds.), Comparative State Feminism Oxford, Oxford University Press. 13 02 ANDREA KRIZSAN Research Fellow at the Center for Policy Studies of the Central European University, Budapest, Hungary. She has worked on several comparative research projects dealing with gender and other equality policies, most recently the project 'Quality of Gender+ Equality Policies in Europe' (QUING). Her main research interests include understanding policy change and the role of non-conventional policy actors in bringing about change in Central and Eastern Europe. Her most recent project concerns reforms of domestic violence policies in five Central and Eastern European countries. Her publications include articles in Social Politics , Ethnic and Racial Studies , European Integration Online Papers , Policy Studies , Journal for Ethnic and Minority Studies , chapters in several edited volumes, and an edited volume on ethnic monitoring and data collection. HEGE SKJEIE Professor of Political Science at the Department of Political Science, University of Oslo, Norway. JUDITH SQUIRES Professor of Political Theory and Dean of the Faculty Social Sciences and Law, University of Bristol, UK. Her publications include: Contesting Citizenship , co-edited with Birte Siim (2008), The New Politics of Gender Equality (2007) and Gender in Political Theory (1999). She co-edits the Palgrave Gender and Politics Book Series (with Johanna Kantola) and is Reviews Editor for the journal Government and Opposition . She is a member of the European Consortium of Political Research Press board and was appointed an Academician of the Academy of Social Sciences in 2009. 04 02 Institutionalizing Intersectionality? A Theoretical Framework; A.Krizsan, H.Skjeie & J.Squires The European Union: Initiator of a New European Anti-Discrimination Regime?; J.Kantola & K.Nousiainen Institutionalizing Intersectionality in the Nordic Countries: Anti-Discrimination and Equality in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden; A.Borchorst, L.Freidenvall, J.Kantola, L.Reisel & M.Teigen Institutionalizing Intersectionality in the 'Big Three': The Changing Equality Framework in France, Germany, Britain; C.Hermanin & J.Squires Institutionalizing Intersectionality in the Low Countries: Belgium and The Netherlands; K.Celis, J.Outshoorn, P.Meier & J.Motmans Institutionalizing Intersectionality in Southern Europe: Italy, Spain and Portugal; A.Alonso, M.Bustelo, M.Forest & E.Lombardo Institutionalizing Intersectionality in Central and Eastern Europe: Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Slovenia; A.Krizsan & V.Zentai European Equality Regimes: Institutional Change and Political Intersectionality; A.Krizsan, H.Skjeie & J.Squires 31 02 A comparative analysis of the multidimensional equality regimes that are emerging in Europe 08 02 Insitutionalizing Intersectionality is an essential tool for understanding and promoting democratic performance in the 21st century. It maps out the new concept of intersectionality as it has been transposed into government structures at the EU level and across many of the member states. The book's systematic, empirical and comparative approach carried out by a line-up of top scholars makes it a must-read for academics and policy practitioners alike. Professor Amy G. Mazur, Washington State University. 'The concept of intersectionality has come to loom large in debates about equality, discrimination and social inclusion across Europe. It poses difficult questions for policymakers, activists and academics alike, by focusing attention on the multiple and overlapping forms of inequality that exist in contemporary society. This book provides an outstanding comparative and multi-disciplinary overview of how European governance structures have tried to come to grips with intersectionality, with its highly impressive range of contributors providing invaluable criticial perspectives and insightful analysis on developments in this field.' Colm O' Cinneide, Reader in Laws, UCL Faculty of Laws