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The #MeToo movement
\"Sparked by revelations of decades of sexual harassment by powerful Hollywood executive Harvey Weinstein, the [#MeToo] movement quickly uncovered similar abusive behavior by numerous other famous public figures. It also revealed the extent to which sexual harassment has been a persistent problem in many workplace settings across America and the ways in which girls and women are subjected to degrading and discriminatory treatment because of their gender. The book provides a broad perspective on these issues. It discusses late twentieth-century efforts to identify sexual harassment as a longstanding societal problem; explains how the 2016 presidential election brought new attention to this issue; introduces activists who helped to launch the #MeToo Movement; and surveys the impact of the movement on American politics, business, and entertainment\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Effectiveness of an e-book in enhancing knowledge, coping behaviors and preventive strategies for sexual harassment prevention among new nurses: A randomized controlled study
To evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive e-book in improving new nurses' knowledge, coping behaviors and preventive strategies for sexual harassment prevention, while also assessing its impact on learning motivation.
Sexual harassment has a detrimental effect on nurses' physical and mental well-being, as well as on patient safety, with new nurses being particularly vulnerable.
A single centre, randomized controlled study.
The study included 102 new nurses with less than 6 months of experience, recruited from a medical center in Taiwan. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (e-book, n = 51) or the control group (video and manual, n = 51). Scales assessing sexual harassment prevention knowledge, coping behaviors, prevention strategies and learning motivation were used at baseline (T1), post-course (T2) and 2 weeks after the course (T3).
Baseline measurements were similar between groups. The intervention group had significantly higher scores in prevention knowledge, strategies and learning motivation (p = 0.001; p = 0.05; p < 0.001) compared with the control group, though coping behavior scores were not statistically different (p = 0.228). Group and time effects were significant at T3 for prevention knowledge (p = 0.039), strategies (p = 0.042) and learning motivation (p < 0.001).
The e-book may enhance new nurses' knowledge and learning motivation for sexual harassment prevention, offering potential advantages over video/manual-based methods. Incorporating interactive e-books into nurse training programs could improve the effectiveness of sexual harassment prevention education.
This study was registered at the Clinical Research Information Service (NCT04139720.) on 30 January 2020 and the participant recruitment was initiated in 11 April 2020.
Journal Article
The voices of #MeToo : from grassroots activism to a viral roar
The Voices of #MeToo: From Grassroots Activism to a Viral Roar is a timely analysis of how marginalized voices are engaged or silenced in one of the most successful social media projects in recent history. Accessibly written, this book unravels the ideas and practices of activism throughout the #MeToo movement from its inception to its current viral moment. The movement went viral with a tweet from Alyssa Milano after the avalanche of sexual harassment and assault allegations against movie mogul Harvey Weinstein. The hashtag, however, got its start a decade earlier from African American grassroots activist Tarana Burke. Taking this as her starting place, Gieseler focuses on the marginalized communities that are often ignored once a movement goes mainstream. With chapters on black female activism, the LGBTQ+ community, disability, toxic masculinity, and international responses, The Voices of #MeToo issues a call for all movements to become more inclusive as they seek empowerment and resistance against oppressive and abusive forces. Perhaps in exploring issues of social justice through an intersectional lens, we may all begin to hear and amplify the voices that are often silenced in the louder, viral roar.
Book
International Olympic Committee consensus statement: harassment and abuse (non-accidental violence) in sport
Despite the well-recognised benefits of sport, there are also negative influences on athlete health, well-being and integrity caused by non-accidental violence through harassment and abuse. All athletes have a right to engage in ‘safe sport’, defined as an athletic environment that is respectful, equitable and free from all forms of non-accidental violence to athletes. Yet, these issues represent a blind spot for many sport organisations through fear of reputational damage, ignorance, silence or collusion. This consensus statement extends the 2007 IOC Consensus Statement on Sexual Harassment and Abuse in Sport, presenting additional evidence of several other types of harassment and abuse—psychological, physical and neglect. All ages and types of athletes are susceptible to these problems but science confirms that elite, disabled, child and lesbian/gay/bisexual/trans-sexual (LGBT) athletes are at highest risk, that psychological abuse is at the core of all other forms and that athletes can also be perpetrators. Harassment and abuse arise from prejudices expressed through power differences. Perpetrators use a range of interpersonal mechanisms including contact, non-contact/verbal, cyber-based, negligence, bullying and hazing. Attention is paid to the particular risks facing child athletes, athletes with a disability and LGBT athletes. Impacts on the individual athlete and the organisation are discussed. Sport stakeholders are encouraged to consider the wider social parameters of these issues, including cultures of secrecy and deference that too often facilitate abuse, rather than focusing simply on psychopathological causes. The promotion of safe sport is an urgent task and part of the broader international imperative for good governance in sport. A systematic multiagency approach to prevention is most effective, involving athletes, entourage members, sport managers, medical and therapeutic practitioners, educators and criminal justice agencies. Structural and cultural remedies, as well as practical recommendations, are suggested for sport organisations, athletes, sports medicine and allied disciplines, sport scientists and researchers. The successful prevention and eradication of abuse and harassment against athletes rests on the effectiveness of leadership by the major international and national sport organisations.
Journal Article
Shifting Boundaries: An Experimental Evaluation of a Dating Violence Prevention Program in Middle Schools
We randomly assigned the
Shifting Boundaries
interventions to 30 public middle schools in New York City, enrolling 117 sixth and seventh grade classes (over 2,500 students) to receive a classroom, a building, a combined, or neither intervention. The classroom intervention included a six-session curriculum emphasizing the laws and consequences for perpetrators of dating violence and sexual harassment (DV/H), the social construction of gender roles, and healthy relationships. The building-based intervention included the use of building-based restraining orders, higher levels of faculty/security presence in safe/unsafe “hot spots” mapped by students, and posters to increase DV/H awareness and reporting. Student surveys were implemented at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 6-months post-intervention. As hypothesized, behaviors improved as a result of the interventions. The building-only and the combined interventions were effective in reducing sexual violence victimization involving either peers or dating partners at 6-months post-intervention. This was mirrored by reductions in sexual violence perpetration by peers in the building-only intervention. While the preponderance of results indicates that the interventions were effective, an anomalous result (increase in sexual harassment victimization reports that was contradicted by lower frequency estimates) did emerge. However, after analysis these anomalous results were deemed to be most likely spurious. The success of the building-only intervention alone is important because it can be implemented with very few extra costs to schools.
Journal Article
The right amount of panic : how women trade freedom for safety
\"One thing the past year's public conversations about sexual assault have started to make clear is just how much energy women put into simply avoiding sexual violence. The work that goes into feeling safe tend to be largely unnoticed, even by the women doing it, let alone the wider world--yet women and girls are the first to be blamed when these measures fail to keep them safe. F. Vera-Gray argues here that we need to change how we talk about rape prevention and give out well-intended safety advice\"--Publisher marketing.
Book
Engaging boys as “Structured Allies” to prevent gender-based violence against girls: Results from the CARE Tipping Point Initiative in Nepal
Global efforts to end violence against women and girls (VAWG) include engaging men and boys. The CARE Tipping Point Initiative in Nepal engaged men and boys as structured allies in girl-centered movement building to prevent VAWG, including sexual bullying and gender harassment (SBGH). We assessed whether this initiative in Kapilvastu and Rupandehi districts in Western Nepal affected adolescent boys’ reports of ever witnessing SBGH of a girl by another boy. Eligible boys were unmarried, 12–16 years, and not intending to migrate over the next 24 months. 1,154 (93% of) eligible, consenting boys across 54 randomly selected clusters participated at baseline, and 1,143 (99.0% of) baseline participants were followed. Outcomes were ever witnessed acts of non-contact (0–7; 0/1) and contact (0–7; 0/1) SBGH of a girl by another boy or male peer. Difference-in-difference (DID) regressions were estimated to assess the unadjusted and adjusted average treatment effects on these outcomes for participants assigned to the Tipping Point Program (TPP), Tipping Point Plus Program (TPP+), or control. Reports of ever witnessing acts of non-contact SBGH increased from 64% at baseline to 77% at follow-up due to increased reporting of ever witnessing “writing sexual messages…about a girl.” In adjusted models, boys in the TPP+ group ever witnessed 0.42 fewer acts of non-contact SBGH than did boys in the control group. Reports of ever witnessing acts of contact SBGH implausibly declined from 42% at baseline to 38% at follow-up, and this trend did not differ across study arm in adjusted models. Thus, compared to the control group, the TPP+ group may have reported smaller increases in ever witnessing acts of non-contact SBGH and more often concealed previously reported acts of non-contact SBGH ever witnessed. Future intervention studies should assess bystander motivation, self-efficacy, and behavior as direct measures of boys’ allyship to prevent SBGH and VAWG.
Journal Article
She said : breaking the sexual harassment story that helped ignite a movement
From the reporters who broke the news of Harvey Weinstein's sexual harassment and abuse comes the untold story of their investigation and their involvement in reporting on the Christine Blasey Ford allegations against Brett Kavanaugh, and their consequences for the #MeToo movement.
Book
Effects of Dating Matters® on Sexual Violence and Sexual Harassment Outcomes among Middle School Youth: a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Sexual violence (SV), including sexual harassment (SH), is a significant public health problem affecting adolescent health and well-being. This study extends prior research by evaluating the effectiveness of a comprehensive teen dating violence prevention model, Dating Matters, on SV and SH perpetration and victimization, inclusive of any victim-perpetrator relationship, among middle school students. Dating Matters includes classroom-delivered programs for youth in 6th, 7th, and 8th grades; community-based programs for parents; a youth communications program; training for educators; and community-level activities. Middle schools in four urban areas in the USA were randomly assigned to receive Dating Matters (DM, N = 22) or a standard-of-care intervention (SC, N = 24) over four consecutive school years (2012–2016). The analytic sample included two cohorts who entered the study in 6th grade and completed 8th grade by the end of the study allowing for full exposure to Dating Matters (DM: N = 1662; SC: N = 1639; 53% female; 50% black, non-Hispanic; 6 waves of data collection for each cohort). Structural equation modeling was employed with multiple imputation to account for missing data. Dating Matters was associated with significant reductions in SV and SH perpetration and victimization scores in most—but not all—sex/cohort groups by the end of 8th grade relative to an evidence-based TDV prevention program. On average, students receiving Dating Matters scored 6% lower on SV perpetration, 3% lower on SV victimization, 4% lower on SH perpetration, and 8% lower on SH victimization by the end of middle school than students receiving an evidence-based violence prevention program. Overall, Dating Matters shows promise for reducing SV and SH, occurring both within and outside dating relationships, through middle school. Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01672541
Journal Article