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Jacobson )1959) divides translation into three categories: intralingual, interlingual, and intersemiotic, and considers adaptation as a form of intersemiotic translation. This descriptive-analytical study aims to investigate the relationships between a classical narrative—the story of Sheikh San'an from Attar’s Conference of the Birds—and a modern movie—The Forbidden Fruit written/directed by Hassan Fathi in the 2000s. The study seeks to demonstrate, through various examples, that this movie is influenced by the story of Sheikh San'an and it is a kind of adaptation. Thus, in the process of converting the semiotic system of an ancient text into an audiovisual system, which is considered a form of intersemiotic translation, the existing intertextual relationships are decoded. The results show that, according to the classification provided by Andrew (1984) for adaptation, this intersemiotic translation is of the first type, with borrowing evident in many structural and thematic elements. In this adaptation, the filmmaker did not aim for complete fidelity to the original text, nor was its originality fully preserved. Instead, many elements of this ancient literary work were borrowed and modified to suit the constraints of the medium, cater to the preferences of the audience, and align with the objectives of the film. Keywords: Adaptation, Intersemiotic Translation, Intertextuality, Semiotic System, Sheikh San'an. Introduction Jacobson (1959, p. 16) divides translation into three categories: intralingual translation, interlingual translation, and intersemiotic translation.a) Intralingual translation, or rephrasing, involves translating verbal signs using other signs within the same language.b) Interlingual translation, or proper translation, involves translating verbal signs using another language.c) Intersemiotic translation, or transformation, involves translating verbal signs using signs from non-verbal sign systems.Andrew (1984) describes the relationship between film and text, or adaptation, in three ways: borrowing, intersection, and the fidelity of transformation. Borrowing is the most common method of adaptation, in which the content, idea, or form of a prestigious literary text is utilized. In the second type, called intersection, the original text retains much of its authenticity in the film. The third type is the fidelity of transformation, which means the reproduction of the important aspects of the original work in cinema. In this way, the original work is compared with the film. Fidelity to both the form and the spirit of the work will be considered, and aspects of the literary work will be clearly expressed in each version of the film.The following two research questions are discussed and examined in this study:In the process of intersemiotic translation from the narrative of Sheikh San'an to the screenplay of The Forbidden Fruit, what similar and different elements can be identified in the transition between these two semiotic systems?Which type of Andrew's (1984) adaptation method does The Forbidden Fruit screenplay follow in its adaptation of the story of Sheikh San'an?In Attar's works, many long and short stories can be found, which have been repeatedly adapted for the stage both inside and outside the country. Some studies have been conducted in the fields of \"adaptation of Iranian literature both domestically and internationally\" and \"intersemiotic translation\" of various texts. However, there are few, if any, studies relevant to the topic of the present study. Materials and MethodsThis study has been conducted using a descriptive-analytical method. The literary text in question is the story of Sheikh San'an, selected from the narrative section of The Conference of the Birds by Attar, and it has been compared with the screenplay of The Forbidden Fruit, directed by Hassan Fathi and shown in the 2000s. Given the scope of the study, certain structural elements such as plot, character development, beginning, ending, time, and setting, as well as thematic components like symbols, conflicts, themes, and motifs have been examined in two different semiotic systems, revealing intertextual connections. Research Findings In this intersemiotic translation from narrative to movie, given the scope of the present study, some intertextual semiotic relationships are analyzed, with greater emphasis placed on the narrative aspects of the work. The key story elements examined in this movie are as follows:Plot (narrative structure)Character and characterizationStory progressionSetting (time and place)Symbols and signsDialogueThemes and motifsThe story of Sheikh San'an, who fell in love, is one of the beautiful mystical stories, and Sheikh Farid al-Din Attar elegantly narrates it in verse in his Conference of the Birds.Most of the elements of the Sheikh San'an story can be found in The Forbidden Fruit. The tale revolves around a pious man, on the verge of old age, who suddenly, while dealing with worldly matters, distances himself from spirituality and becomes entrapped by the love of a young woman. Forced to abide by the conditions the girl sets for union, he loses everything, but in the end, with divine grace and guidance, he repents and finds the right path. In both stories, the girl ultimately attains faith. Sheikh San'an—as a religious man who has spent his life in the pursuit of religion and faith but becomes infatuated with a Christian girl—was considered an unusual tale. Similarly, in the movie, there is a scene where \"Jalal\", the elder son of the pious man in the story, informs his mother about his father's possible transgression. The mother, shocked and astonished, rejects his claims. Discussion of Results and Conclusion Since the narrative has manifested in the form of a movie, it naturally incorporates elements of imagination and dramatic aspects. Some events, actions, reactions, and themes are repeated in the screenplay by the filmmaker, while others have been altered in terms of the storyline and contemporary culture, and some parts have been creatively added to the script. Therefore, the different elements can be classified as follows:Addition of secondary charactersTime and setting of the storySocial and moral themesLanguage and literatureIncorporation of subplots alongside the main storyMultiplicity of characters and different conflicts It can be said that this adaptation falls under Andrew's model of \"borrowing\". The viewer does not witness a direct and complete adaptation of the story. The director has made an effort to ensure that the appeal of the screenplay, the audience's engagement, and the success of the movie are indebted to the elements borrowed from the tale of Sheikh San'an.

This research aims to explore the dimensions of basic education character in the scientific interpretation of Surah Nuh, verses 13–14, as presented in Al-Jawahir Fi Tafsīr Al-Qur’ān Al-Karim. Using a library research approach, data was collected by identifying and analyzing verses related to character education. Verification was conducted by comparing the interpretation of these verses from Syeikh Tantawi’s perspective with the views of other interpreters. The findings indicate that Syeikh Tantawi’s interpretation in Al-Jawahir has significantly inspired Muslims to implement character education for elementary school students. This pattern is evident in the interpretation of Surah Nuh, verses 13–14, which describes the process of human formation in the womb. Tantawi’s explanation serves as an inspiration for internalizing fundamental values that shape a child's positive character. The dimensions of character education identified include diligence, appreciation for life, continuous learning, gratitude, recognition of God, and empathy for others' development. This study contributes to the development of a character education curriculum based on Qur’ānic verses, particularly Surah Nuh, verses 13–14, which contain essential values that can be integrated into the learning process to foster positive character at the basic education level.

\"Treasures from India presents 60 iconic works from the world-renowned Al-Thani collection, accompanied by a text that introduces readers to their significance within the history of Indian jeweled arts. Included are some of the earliest pieces created for the imperial Mughals in the 16th century, others made for Maharajahs of the 18th through 20th centuries, and later Indian-inspired works created by Cartier in the 20th century. These examples represent the range and scope of the finest expression of the jeweled arts in India, and stand among the highest expressions of Indian culture and artistry.\"--Publisher's website.

In Islamic societies, mosques and mausoleums are structures that serve as central hubs for social, political, cultural, and artistic activities. The historical background and cultural heritage of Zile, a district in Tokat Province, trace back to the Roman era. Zile is a district rich in religious and civil architecture. One of the prominent examples of TurkishIslamic architecture is the Sheikh Ethem Çelebi Mosque and Mausoleum, located in the center of the Zile district in Tokat Province. The mausoleum and fountain are constructed adjacent to the mosque, giving the appearance of a unified complex. The mausoleum section is more elaborate and ornate compared to the mosque. In particular, its interior is distinguished by the abundance of botanical motifs such as trees, leaves, and palmettes, making it significant in terms of both architecture and ornamentation. This study examines the plan, facade, and decorative features of the Sheikh Ethem Çelebi Mosque and Mausoleum, comparing its architectural and decorative elements with contemporary mosque structures in the surrounding regions and providing a comprehensive evaluation. Based on the findings, the study also offers solutions to address the challenges faced by the Sheikh Ethem Çelebi Mosque and Mausoleum, an important architectural heritage with critical significance for its preservation and transmission to future generations.

This study investigates the linguistic, rhetorical, pragmatic, and paralinguistic strategies of persuasion in Friday sermons at the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque (SZGM), with particular attention to their intercultural functions for a multilingual and multinational audience. Drawing on Critical Discourse Analysis (Fairclough’s three-dimensional model), Aristotle’s modes of persuasion, and Searle’s speech act theory, the study analyzes a corpus of sermons to identify strategies that enhance authority, credibility and audience engagement. Findings reveal that Qur’anic verses and Prophetic Hadith are the most frequently employed devices, reinforcing both religious legitimacy and shared moral frameworks across cultures. Direct address, endearment, repetition and emphasis further facilitate inclusivity and comprehension for diverse listeners, while National Symbol Appeal, an emergent rhetorical category, integrates religious and civic identity, uniting spiritual devotion with national loyalty. Paralinguistic features, including pitch, rhythm and pauses, compensate for linguistic diversity and heighten emotional resonance. The study concludes that SZGM sermons function as multidimensional instruments of instruction, persuasion and intercultural socialization, offering new insights into how religious discourse can be strategically structured to engage and influence diverse audiences.

This research aims to explore the intricate relationship between patriarchy and the tribe in Wajdi Al- Ahdal's Novel A Land without Jasmine, arguing that the tribe functions as the primary executive arm of patriarchy. This research begins by establishing the theoretical frameworks of patriarchy and tribe, highlighting their symbiotic reinforcement, particularly within the Yemeni society. The analysis is structured into two main parts. First, it examines patriarchal system within the family, focusing on the psychological surveillance imposed by Jasmine's brother, father, and even her mother, demonstrating how the system is internalized and perpetuated by both men and women. Second, it analyzes the tribe's role as the ultimate enforcer of the patriarchal honor code, superseding state law. Key narrative events, such as Jasmine's disappearance and the brutal murder of Ali, are investigated as case studies. The findings confirm that the tribe provides the coercive power necessary to maintain a patriarchal social order, enforcing its ideology through violence and intimidation. The research concludes that the novel serves as a powerful critique of the mechanisms of control that sustain gender inequality, recommending future research into forms of resistance against this deeply entrenched system.

Purpose: This study aims to determine the extent of religious tourism supporting the economy of the residents who live as small businesses in Sheikh Quro.   Theoretical framework: The study focuses on exploring economic lives during and after COVID-19. This study provides information on the Pandemic impact on the residents and economic activities.   Method/design/approach: This study applied a qualitative exploratory research design. In-depth interviews via purposive sampling were conducted with 12 residents as small business owners to uplift their real-life struggles during different times.   Results and conclusion: The total lockdown of business and closing of borders has significantly impacted the economy and sustainability of small business owners; most of them are without any options or opportunities for alternative income generation. The opening of the border in 2020 enables them to breathe as their businesses slowly recover and income improves, and in 2022 becomes better. The relevance of cultural heritage tourism, the essential factor is the value of tourism excellence that has been established for the surrounding environment, especially residents, which contributes significantly to increasing people's income.   Research implications: The prolonged outbreak (COVID-19) has disrupted economic sectors in the world, including tourism which contributes to the population's economy. There need to be follow-up improvements carried out by the tourism manager in dealing with all situations so that they still have long-term benefits, especially Sheikh Quro.   Originality/value: The value of this research is the originality of the research conducted at different times and originating from Sheikh Quro as religious tourism in Karawang Regency which has never been done before.

The presence of the Sheikh Alas Formation, the Shurau Formation, and the Euphrates Formation in the area of the current study. The inference of the Sheikh Alas Formation was from Nummlite fossils and planktonic Foraminifera fossils. The Euphrates Formation was deposited in a shallow marine environment, the Sheikh Alas Formation was deposited in an environment in for reef, and the Shurau Formation was deposited in an environment Back reef. The environment of the Euphrates Formation is a shallow lagoon environment for the presence of milliolied fossils, which represent the Miocene age as evidenced by the presence of the Borlis melo melo fossil. As for the environment of the Sheikh Alas Formation, it was deposited in a marine environment in for reef due to the presence of Planktonic foraminifera fossils and the Nummlite fossil, which represents the Oligocene age, and the environment of the Shurau Formation In a shallow, lagoon marine environment Back reef, there are abundant milliolid fossils. The boundary between the Miocene formations and the Oligocene formations is characterized by an unconformable boundary composed of a layer of basal conglomerate with a thickness of 6.5 m, which is affiliated with the Euphrates Formation in terms of age.