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Coastal storms : processes and impacts
A comprehensive introduction to coastal storms and their associated impacts. Coastal Storms offers students and professionals in the field a comprehensive overview and groundbreaking text that is specifically devoted to the analysis of coastal storms. Based on the most recent knowledge and contributions from leading researchers, the text examines coastal storms' processes and characteristics, the main hazards (such as overwash, inundation and flooding, erosion, structures overtopping), and how to monitor and model storms. The authors include information on the most advanced innovations in forecasting, prediction, and early warning, which serves as a foundation for accurate risk evaluation and developing adequate coastal indicators and management options. In addition, structural overtopping and damage are explained, taking into account the involved hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes. The monitoring methods of coastal storms are analyzed based on recent results from research projects in Europe and the United States. Methods for vulnerability and risk evaluation are detailed, storm impact indicators are suggested for different hazards and coastal management procedures analyzed. This important resource includes: Comprehensive coverage of storms and associated impacts, including meteorological coastal storm definitions and related potential consequences; A state-of-the-art reference for advanced students, professionals and researchers in the field; Chapters on monitoring methods of coastal storms, their prediction, early warning systems, and modeling of consequences; Explorations of methods for vulnerability and risk evaluation and suggestions for storm impact indicators for different hazards and coastal management procedures. Coastal Storms is a compilation of scientific and policy-related knowledge related to climate-related extreme events. The authors are internationally recognized experts and their work reflects the most recent science and policy advances in the field.
Book
Shoreline Change Assessment in the Coastal Region of Bangladesh Delta Using Tasseled Cap Transformation from Satellite Remote Sensing Dataset
Bangladesh is a global south hotspot due to climate change and sea level rise concerns. It is a highly disaster-prone country in the world with active deltaic shorelines. The shorelines are quickly changing to coastal accretion and erosion. Erosion is one of the water hazards to landmass sinking, and accretion relates to land level rises due to sediment load deposition on the Bay of Bengal continental shelf. Therefore, this study aimed to explore shoreline status with change assessment for the three study years 1991, 2006, and 2021 using satellite remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) approaches. Landsat 5, 7 ETM+, and 8 OLI satellite imageries were employed for onshore tasseled cap transformation (TCT) and land and sea classification calculations to create shore boundaries, baseline assessment, land accretion, erosion, point distance, and near feature analysis. We converted 16,550 baseline vertices to points as the study ground reference points (GRPs) and validated those points using the country datasheet collected from the Survey of Bangladesh (SoB). We observed that the delta’s shorelines were changed, and the overall lands were accredited for the land-increasing characteristics analysis. The total accredited lands in the coastal areas observed during the time periods from 1991 to 2006 were 825.15 km2, from 2006 to 2021 was 756.69 km2, and from 1991 to 2021 was 1223.94 km2 for the 30-year period. Similarly, coastal erosion assessment analysis indicated that the results gained for the period 1991 to 2006 and 2006 to 2021 were 475.87 km2 and 682.75 km2, respectively. Therefore, the total coastal erosion was 800.72 km2 from 1991 to 2021. Neat accretion was 73.94 km2 for the 30-year period from 1991 to 2021. This research indicates the changes in shorelines, referring to the evidence for the delta’s active formation through accretion and erosion processes of ‘climate change’ and ‘sea level rise’. This research projects the erosion process and threatens land use changes toward agriculture and settlements in the coastal regions of Bangladesh.
Journal Article
Spatiotemporal dynamics of northern Caspian shorelines
Dynamic changes to the northern Caspian Sea shoreline have significant ecological implications, including impacts to biodiversity and the surrounding environment. This study employs Landsat datasets, historical records, and geographic information systems (GIS) to quantitatively analyze spatiotemporal variations along the northern Caspian Sea coastline from 1985 to 2023. The findings demonstrate pronounced cyclic variations in the Caspian Sea's water level. Compared to 1930, the water level decreased by 2.6 m by 2023, with 1935 marking the onset of a significant downward trend. From 1995 to 2023, a pronounced decline in the water level at a rate of 6.1 cm/year was observed. Multiscale temporal oscillations in water levels revealed periodic rises and falls with cycles ranging from 6-8 years to 10-16 years. Due to the broad and shallow morphology of the northern Caspian Sea, fluctuations in water level have resulted in significant displacements of the northern coastline. Between 1985 and 2023, the shoreline length decreased by 262 km, which is equivalent to a 17% reduction. The intensity of the coastline length index reached a critical point during from 2010 to 2015, after which it declined sharply by 3.67. By 2023, the coastline had shifted seaward by 1.33 x 10â´ km.sup.2 relative to that in 1985. This continuous retreat of the shoreline poses a severe threat to the ecological stability of the northern Caspian Sea. If the trend persists, then the disappearance of the eastern basin of the South Aral Sea may be replicated in the northern Caspian Sea by 2100. These findings provide critical insights for formulating effective coastal management strategies and conservation initiatives.
Journal Article
Life between the tides
\"Adam Nicolson explores the marine life inhabiting seashore rock pools with a scientist's curiosity and a poet's wonder in this beautifully illustrated book. The sea is not made of water. Creatures are its genes. Look down as you crouch over the shallows and you will find a periwinkle or a prawn, a claw-displaying crab or a cluster of anemones ready to meet you. No need for binoculars or special stalking skills: go to the rocks and the living will say hello. Inside each rock pool tucked into one of the infinite crevices of the tidal coastline lies a rippling, silent, unknowable universe. Below the stillness of the surface course different currents of endless motion--the ebb and flow of the tide, the steady forward propulsion of the passage of time, and the tiny lifetimes of the rock pool's creatures, all of which coalesce into the grand narrative of evolution. In Life Between the Tides, Adam Nicolson investigates one of the most revelatory habitats on earth. Under his microscope, we see a prawn's head become a medieval helmet and a group of \"winkles\" transform into a Dickensian social scene, with mollusks munching on Stilton and glancing at their pocket watches. Or, rather, is a winkle more like Achilles, an ancient hero, throwing himself toward death for the sake of glory? For Nicolson, who writes \"with scientific rigor and a poet's sense of wonder\" (The American Scholar), the world of the rock pools is infinite and as intricate as our own. As Nicolson journeys between the tides, both in the pools he builds along the coast of Scotland and through the timeline of scientific discovery, he is accompanied by great thinkers--no one can escape the pull of the sea. We meet Virginia Woolf and her Waves; a young T. S. Eliot peering into his own rock pool in Massachusetts; even Nicolson's father-in-law, a classical scholar who would hunt for amethysts along the shoreline, his mind on Heraclitus and the other philosophers of ancient Greece. And, of course, scientists populate the pages; not only their discoveries, but also their doubts and errors, their moments of quiet observation and their thrilling realizations. Everything is within the rock pools, where you can look beyond your own reflection and find the miraculous an inch beneath your nose. \"The soul wants to be wet,\" Heraclitus said in Ephesus twenty-five hundred years ago. This marvelous book demonstrates why it is so.\" -- Provided by publisher
Book
Assessing the impact of infrastructure proliferation on shoreline dynamics around Mexico
This study addresses the lack of a national-scale, structure-level assessment of how coastal infrastructure interacts with shoreline dynamics in Mexico. We compiled a georeferenced inventory of coastal structures from 1995 to 2019 and evaluated their association with long-term shoreline trends using the global dataset of Luijendijk et al. (2018). The inventory indicates that, over 24 years, the number of structures increased from 570 to 1,030, with substantial variations regionally in patterns of structure density and expansion. Among these contrasts, the highest overall density (> 1 structure/km) was in the state of Yucatán, primarily due to the large number of groynes there. The inventory was linked to 517 filtered transects updrift and downdrift of the structures, and, in adjacent coasts, 45% showed stability, 33% accretion, and 22% erosion. Breakwaters and jetties were the features most commonly associated with erosive patterns. These contrasting responses were then examined in two local case studies: in Puerto Chiapas, the shoreline dynamics showed long-term, but relatively moderate, adjustments near the jetties; while in Antón Lizardo, successive growth in coastal infrastructure has amplified both erosion and accretion, reshaping the local sedimentary patterns. The integration of national-scale patterns with detailed local evidence, has given the first comprehensive assessment of how coastal structures in Mexico cumulatively influence shoreline behaviour. The findings underline the need to adopt planning strategies that incorporate sediment connectivity, multiscale impacts, and the implementation of nature-based and adaptive solutions to shoreline management problems.
Journal Article
Amphibious soul : finding the wild in a tame world
\"In this thrilling memoir of a life spent exploring the most incredible places on Earth--from the Great African Seaforest to the crocodile lairs of the Okavango Delta--Craig Foster reveals how we can attend to the earthly beauty around us and deepen our love for all living things, whether we make our homes in the country, the city, or anywhere in between. Foster explores his struggles to remain present to life when a disconnection from nature and the demands of his professional life begin to deaden his senses. And his own reliance on nature's rejuvenating spiritual power is put to the test when catastrophe strikes close to home. Foster's lyrical, riveting Amphibious Soul draws on his decades of daily ocean dives, wisdom from Indigenous teachers, and leading-edge science\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The application of oyster reefs in shoreline protection
Oyster reef living shorelines have been proposed as an effective alternative to traditional coastal defence structures (e.g. bulkheads, breakwaters), with the benefit that they may keep pace with sea‐level rise and provide co‐benefits, such as habitat provision. However, there remains uncertainty about the effectiveness of shoreline protection provided by oyster reefs, which limits their broader application. We draw evidence from studies along the east and gulf coasts of the United States, where much research and implementation of oyster reef restoration has occurred, to better define the existing gaps in our understanding of the use of restored oyster reefs for shoreline protection. We find potential disconnects between ecological and engineering functions of reefs. In response, we outline how engineering and ecological principles are used in the design of oyster reef living shorelines and highlight knowledge gaps where an integration of these disciplines will lead to their more effective application. Synthesis and applications. This work highlights the necessary steps to advance the application of oyster reef living shorelines. Importantly, future research should focus on appropriate designs and conditions needed for these structures to effectively protect our coasts from erosion, while supporting a sustainable oyster population, thereby providing actionable nature‐based alternatives for coastal defence to diverse end‐users. This work highlights the necessary steps to advance the application of oyster reef living shorelines. Importantly, future research should focus on appropriate designs and conditions needed for these structures to effectively protect our coasts from erosion, while supporting a sustainable oyster population, thereby providing actionable nature‐based alternatives for coastal defence to diverse end‐users.
Journal Article