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"Sibling attachment."
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Family systems approach to attachment relations, war trauma, and mental health among Palestinian children and parents
Background: Trauma affects the family unit as a whole; however, most existing research uses individual or, at most, dyadic approaches to analyse families with histories of trauma.
Objective: This study aims to identify potentially distinct family types according to attachment, parenting, and sibling relations, to analyse how these family types differ with respect to war trauma, and to explore how children's mental health and cognitive processing differ across these family types.
Method: Participants included Palestinian mothers and fathers (N = 325) and their children (one per family; 49.4% girls; 10-13 years old; mean ± SD age = 11.35 ± 0.57 years) after the Gaza War of 2008-2009. Both parents reported their exposure to war trauma, secure attachment availability, and parenting practices, as well as the target child's internalizing and externalizing symptoms [Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)]. Children reported their symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (on the Children's Revised Impact Event Scale), depression (Birleson), and SDQ, as well as their post-traumatic cognitions (Children's Post Traumatic Cognitions Inventory).
Results: A cluster analysis identified four family types. The largest type reflected secure attachment and optimal relationships (security and positive family relationships, 36.2%, n = 102), and the smallest exhibited insecurity and problematic relationships (insecurity and negative family relationships, 15.6%; n = 44). Further, families with discrepant experiences (23.0%; n = 65) and moderate security and neutral relationships (25.2%; n = 71) emerged. The insecurity and negative relationships family type showed higher levels of war trauma; internalizing, externalizing, and depressive symptoms among children; and dysfunctional post-traumatic cognitions than other family types.
Conclusion: The family systems approach to mental health is warranted in war conditions, and therapeutic interventions for children should, thus, also involve parents and siblings. Knowledge of unique family attachment patterns is fruitful for tailoring therapeutic treatments and preventive interventions for war-affected children and families.
Journal Article
Twins in Session
Why would a twin sacrifice her own needs to make sure her same-age sibling is always cared for? What would cause a twin to have panic attacks when he and his brother go away to separate colleges? Why do some twins find it so difficult to develop friendships and romantic relationships? The \"twin mystique\" and twins' own expectations of their relationship contribute to their difficulties. A therapist who understands the psychology of twins can articulate what's going on between the siblings. Clients will feel validated as well as relieved to gain clarity about a defining aspect of their identity. Twins in Session shows therapists how important the twin connection is, what it means, why it's sometimes more important than the relationship to either parent, and why some twins don't know who they are apart from the twinship. It will help therapists become a trusted outsider who can give twin clients perspective about their twinship issues and assist them in developing healthy relationships.
eBook
Alone in the Mirror
Alone in the Mirror: Twins in Therapy chronicles the triumphs and struggles of twins as they separate from one another and find their individuality in a world of non twins. The text is grounded in issues of attachment and intimacy, and is highlighted by Dr. Barbara Klein's scholarly research, clinical experiences with twins in therapy, and her own identity struggles as a twin, all of which allow her to present insights into the rare, complicated, and misunderstood twin identity. She presents psychologically-focused real life histories, which demonstrate how childhood experiences shape the twin attachment and individual development, and she describes implications for twins in therapy, their therapists, and parents of twins. Unique to this book are effective therapeutic practices, developed specifically for twins, and designed to raise the consciousness of parents as well. Readers will find these practices and the insights within invaluable, whether they use them to communicate with twin patients, family members, or if they are part of a twinship themselves.
eBook
Psychometric Properties of the Sibling Attachment Inventory in Mexican Young Adults
The aim of this work was to adapt and validate the Sibling Attachment Inventory (SAI) in Mexican young adults and analyze its psychometric properties. Using an Internet-based survey, data were collected from 307 (64.5% female) Mexican young adults university students (aged 18–30). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to determine the factor structure of the revised Mexican version of the Sibling Attachment Inventory (SAI-RMx). Convergent and predictive validity were verified by carrying out correlations with the parent form of the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA), the Lifespan Sibling Relationship Scale (LSRS), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). Results indicated that the SAI-RMx presents good levels of internal consistency and a monodimensional structure, also providing evidence for convergent, predictive, and construct validity. Furthermore, secure attachments were linked with high levels of self-esteem, as well as with high levels of life satisfaction. The SAI-RMx is expected to be a reliable instrument for measuring the global level and the three components of secure attachment between siblings in the young adult’s Mexican population.
Journal Article
THROUGH A MASK, BREATHING
THE ROADS WERE empty because of the virus and sailing by at 60 all I caught was a glimpse of the wall and it was difficult to say for certain, but I thought the flag was gone. I'd only just figured out what it was. Months before, when I'd first noticed it, I was stumped. I had been walking the Villain, walking all over the suburb for hours on end trying to tire him out.
Magazine Article
Assessing Sibling Attachment in the Face of Placement Issues
With the advent of the Adoption and Safe Families Act of 1997 child welfare workers are faced with the task of placing sibling groups in potential adoptive homes shortly after their separation from biological families. At times, the number of children and/or their special needs present arguments against the conventional wisdom of maintaining the sibling group intact. Ryan presents guidelines in the assessment of sibling attachment and in the decision-making process regarding placement.
Journal Article
Exploring Sibling Bonds and Emotional Distance in the Film Frozen: The Role of Birth Order and Attachment
Birth order influences a child’s personality development and has an impact on their attachment style significantly shaping their dynamics with their siblings. This paper focuses on sibling estrangement by analysing the sisters Elsa and Anna from the film Frozen (2013). Applying Alfred Adler’s Birth order theory and, John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth’s Attachment theory, the paper focuses on the two attachment styles that the sisters attain, Elsa acquires avoidant attachment style, showing traits such as isolation, loneliness, and disinterest in emotional attachment while Anna obtains anxious attachment style, indicating features of wanting to have an emotional bond and fear of being left alone. The study works on the importance of the relationship and communication between siblings. The estrangement between the sisters in the film Frozen is analysed by utilizing the two attachment styles (anxious and avoidant). Through instances, dialogues, and scenes from the film, an understanding of the connection between birth order and attachment styles can be analysed through the sibling relationship between Anna and Elsa. The emotional well-being and the harmony in the relationship that the siblings share after the estrangement show the importance of communication to revive from the sibling estrangement.
Journal Article
Changes in children’s attachment security to mother and father after the birth of a sibling: Risk and resilience in the family
Changes in children’s attachment security to mother and father were examined for 230 firstborn children ( M = 31.17 months), their mothers and fathers participating in a longitudinal investigation starting in the last trimester of the mothers’ pregnancy and 1, 4, 8, and 12 months after the birth of an infant sibling. Both parents completed the Attachment Q-set at prenatal, 4, and 12 months. Growth mixture models revealed four latent classes in which children’s attachments were (a) both secure with a modest decline to both parents (68.3%); (b) more secure with father than mother with a steep decline for both (12.6%); (c) both insecure with no change (10%); and (d) more secure with mother than father with a modest increase for both (9.1%). Multi-group latent growth curve analyses revealed that parenting and coparenting differed across families. Children had lower externalizing behavior problems in families with two secure attachments than in families with one secure attachment, either to mother or to father, who, in turn, had fewer problems than children with two insecure attachments. Findings underscore the strengths of a family systems framework to understand attachment relationships with multiple caregivers and the family risks and protective factors that covary with children’s behavioral adjustment after the birth of a sibling.
Journal Article