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"Siblings psychology"
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Sibling-Support for Adolescent Girls (SSAGE): A study protocol for a pilot randomized-controlled trial of a whole-family, gender transformative approach to preventing mental illness among forcibly displaced adolescent girls
Forcibly displaced adolescents face increased risks for mental illness and distress, with adolescent girls disproportionately affected in part due to heightened gender inequity. Although the family unit has the potential to promote healthy development in adolescents, few family interventions have employed a gender transformative approach or included male siblings to maximize benefits for adolescent girls.
This study will assess a whole-family and gender transformative intervention-Sibling Support for Adolescent Girls in Emergencies (SSAGE)-to prevent mental health disorders among adolescent girls in Colombia who were recently and forcibly displaced from Venezuela. The study will employ a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation pilot randomized control trial (RCT) to test the program's effectiveness to explore determinants of implementation to establish the feasibility, acceptability, and fidelity of SSAGE. To address these aims, we will enroll 180 recently arrived, forcibly displaced adolescent girls in an RCT and examine the program's effectiveness in the prevention of mental illness (through reduction in anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity, and somatization symptoms) one-month post-intervention. We will use contextually adapted to collect data on the hypothesized mechanistic pathways, including family attachment, gender-equitable family functioning, self-esteem, and coping strategies. The implementation evaluation will employ mixed methods to assess the program's feasibility, acceptability, fidelity, and barriers and facilitators to successful implementation.
Findings can support humanitarian program implementation, as well as inform policy to support adolescent girls' mental health and to prevent the myriad disorders that can arise as a result of exposure to displacement, conflict, and inequitable gender norms.
Journal Article
Evaluating the spillover effects of the Sugira Muryango home-visiting intervention on temperament of children aged (0.3–3years) exposed to domestic violence: A cluster randomized controlled trial
Domestic violence, intimate partner violence, and violence against children and women adversely affect children's well-being. The Sugira Muryango Program (SM) in Rwanda, a home-visiting intervention, aimed to to improve caregiving practices and family dynamics, may also have potential indirect effects on children's temperament.
This study assesses the impact of SM on the temperament of younger children whose families benefited from the intervention, comparing their temperament with those under usual care.
This study utilized a spillover effect cohort design, focusing on 247 younger siblings of children enrolled in the Sugira Muryango Program (SM) to assess potential spillover effects of the intervention. The temperament of these siblings was measured using the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised Short Form, which was translated into native language of the respondents. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed using SPSS version 29, with the treatment group (SM vs. UC) as the main predictor and temperament as the dependent variable.
The analysis showed no statistically significant differences in key temperament traits such as surgency, negative emotionality, and orienting capacity between the intervention and control groups. The findings indicated that changes in surgency (B = 1.984, t = 1.183, p = 0.24), negative emotionality (B = -1.657, t = -0.915, p = 0.36), and orienting capacity (B = 0.551, t = 0.313, p = 0.75) were not significant.
The results suggest that SM had limited spillover effects on the temperament traits of younger siblings. Given that the intervention was primarily designed to improve broader family dynamics rather than directly impact child temperament, these findings highlight the importance of focusing on direct intervention strategies aimed explicitly at the target child population. Future research should align with the theory of change by examining caregiver-related outcomes, such as parenting practices and mental health, which may influence child temperament. Additionally, considering potential external factors like the COVID-19 pandemic may have influenced the effectiveness of the intervention.
Journal Article
The effectiveness of the serious game “Broodles” for siblings of children with intellectual disabilities and/or visual impairment: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Background
Siblings of children with disabilities also need support. However, there are only a few evidence-based interventions for these siblings. The current study aims to assess the effectiveness of a newly developed serious game for young siblings of children with intellectual disability (ID) and/or visual impairment (VI). This serious game is hypothesized to improve sibling’s quality of life, adjustment to their brother’s or sister’s disability, and multiple aspects of psychosocial well-being.
Methods
The intervention consists of a serious game called “Broodles” (in Dutch: “Broedels”) that helps children to recognize and deal with thoughts, feelings, and difficult situations. The game consists of eight 20-minute levels that all have the same structure with eight game elements. Each level addresses a domain of sibling quality of life and combines animations, mini-documentaries, fun mini-games, and multiple-choice questions. In addition to the game, siblings make a worksheet after playing each level. In order to support the child, the parents or caregivers receive a short brochure with information and tips. The effectiveness of the intervention will be investigated among a sample of 154 children aged 6–9 years and their parents or caregivers, using a two-arm parallel RCT design. The experimental group will play the serious game “Broodles” over a period of 4 weeks, whereas the control group will be placed on a waiting list. Assessments will take place at three time points: pre-test (week 1), post-test (week 5), and follow-up (weeks 12–14). At each timepoint, children and parents will complete several questionnaires on quality of life and different aspects of psychosocial well-being. In addition, children will make drawings to assess the sibling relationship. Next to that, parents and children will answer closed and open-ended questions about the sibling adjustment to their brother or sister’s disability. Finally, parents and children will evaluate the serious game through closed and open-ended questions.
Discussion
This study contributes to the knowledge about sibling interventions and serious games. Additionally, if the serious game is proven to be effective, it will be a readily available, easily accessible, and free of charge intervention for siblings.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05376007, registered prospectively on April 21, 2022.
Journal Article
Sibling issues in therapy : research and practice with children, adolescents and adults
\"Sibling matters underlie issues at the core of many clinical difficulties presented by adult clients. Recent studies show that individuals with a close sibling relationship are more emotionally mature, are happier, have positive psychological well-being, and have closer friendships. This book incorporates the latest research and clinical work in family dynamics to examine multiple angles of integrating sibling issues in therapy. Using theoretical perspectives, a wealth of empirical data, testing instruments, and case studies readers will experience an engaging and thorough examination of these issues, along with obtaining tools and techniques that can immediately be implemented in practice. \"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Effects of the KEEP Foster Parent Intervention on Child and Sibling Behavior Problems and Parental Stress During a Randomized Implementation Trial
Children in foster care are at risk for externalizing behavior problems, which can in turn increase the risk of changes in foster care placement. The KEEP (Keeping Foster Parents Trained and Supported) foster parent training intervention was designed to equip foster parents with strategies for managing externalizing behavior problems. The primary goals of this investigation were to (a) examine the effectiveness of the KEEP intervention in reducing child behavior problems, as delivered by a community agency; (b) determine if the effects of the KEEP intervention generalize to more than one child in the same home; and (c) examine the effectiveness of the KEEP intervention in reducing parental stress associated with child behavior problems. The data from 335 foster and kinship families with children between the ages of 5 and 12 years were analyzed to address these objectives. Families were randomly assigned to the intervention or control condition. The results indicated that the KEEP intervention was effective in reducing child behavior problems when delivered by a community agency. These results expanded prior research on the KEEP intervention, revealing that the intervention was effective in reducing the behavior problems of more than one child in the same household and in reducing parental stress levels associated with the behavioral issues of the focal child. Thus, the KEEP intervention model holds promise for reducing the behavior problems of children in foster care and reducing stress levels of foster and kinship caregivers as it is disseminated and implemented within similar child welfare settings.
Journal Article
Ringer : Gemma ; Ringer : Lyra
\"In the world outside of the Haven Institute, Lyra and Caelum are finding it hard to be human--and Lyra, infected at Haven with a terrible disease, finds her symptoms are growing worse. When Caelum leaves without warning, Lyra follows him, seeking a pioneering organization in Philadelphia that might have a cure. But what they uncover there is a shocking connection to their past, even as their future seems in danger of collapsing. Though Gemma just wants to go back to her normal life after Haven, she soon learns that her powerful father has other plans for the replicas--unless she and her boyfriend Pete can stop him. But they soon learn that they aren't safe either. The Haven Institute wasn't destroyed after all, and now Gemma is the one behind the walls\"--Amazon.com.
BOOK
Associations between subjective well-being and subcortical brain volumes
To study the underpinnings of individual differences in subjective well-being (SWB), we tested for associations of SWB with subcortical brain volumes in a dataset of 724 twins and siblings. For significant SWB-brain associations we probed for causal pathways using Mendelian Randomization (MR) and estimated genetic and environmental contributions from twin modeling. Another independent measure of genetic correlation was obtained from linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression on published genome-wide association summary statistics. Our results indicated associations of SWB with hippocampal volumes but not with volumes of the basal ganglia, thalamus, amygdala, or nucleus accumbens. The SWB-hippocampus relations were nonlinear and characterized by lower SWB in subjects with relatively smaller hippocampal volumes compared to subjects with medium and higher hippocampal volumes. MR provided no evidence for an SWB to hippocampal volume or hippocampal volume to SWB pathway. This was in line with twin modeling and LD-score regression results which indicated non-significant genetic correlations. We conclude that low SWB is associated with smaller hippocampal volume, but that genes are not very important in this relationship. Instead other etiological factors, such as exposure to stress and stress hormones, may exert detrimental effects on SWB and the hippocampus to bring about the observed association.
Journal Article