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The Photothermal Conversion and UV Resistance of Silk Fabrics Being Achieved through Surface Modification with C@SiOsub.2 Nanoparticles
With the improvement in people’s living standards, the development and application of smart textiles are receiving increasing attention. In this study, a carbon nanosurface was successfully coated with a SiO[sub.2] layer to form C@SiO[sub.2] nanomaterials, which improved the dispersion of carbon nanomaterials in an aqueous solution and enhanced the absorption of light by the carbon nanoparticles. C@SiO[sub.2] nanoparticles were coupled on the surface of silk fabric with the silane coupling agent KH570 to form C@SiO[sub.2] nanosilk fabric. The silk fabric that was subjected to such surface modification was endowed with a special photothermal function. The results obtained with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that C@SiO[sub.2] nanoparticles were successfully modified on the surface of the silk fabric. In addition, under the irradiation of near-infrared light with a power of 20 W and a wavelength of 808 nm, the C@SiO[sub.2] nanosilk fabric experienced rapid warming from 23 °C to 60 °C within 30 s. After subjecting the functional fabric to hundreds of photothermal experiments and multiple washes, the photothermal efficiency remained largely unchanged and proved to be durable and stable. In addition, the thermogravimetric (TG) analysis results showed that the C@SiO[sub.2] nanoparticles contributed to the thermal stability of the silk fabric. The UV transmittance results indicated that C@SiO[sub.2] nanofabric is UV-resistant. The silk modification method developed in this study is low-cost, efficient, and environmentally friendly. It has some prospects for future applications in the textile industry.
Journal Article
Archaeology and conservation along the Silk Road : conference 2016 postprints
\"Supported by Eurasia Pacific Uninet, the second international conference on 'Archaeology and Conservation along the Silk Road' was jointly organized by Nanjing University China and Institute of Conservation, University of Applied Arts Vienna and held in May 2016 in China. Silk Road showcases the trans-continental cultural movements between Europe and Asia and this event encouraged researchers to reflect on popular as well as otherwise under-represented topics. This volume includes selected papers from the conference and merges aspects of archaeology with conservation. Subjects vary from field drawings, unique local techniques, spread of diseases and epidemics to DNA studies assessing population migration and mixture. Next Silk Road conference is planned for 2018 to carry forward the initiative of learning and exchange of knowledge\"--Publisher's website.
Book
Morphological and Behavioral Adaptations of Silk-Lovers
The diversity of true bugs gave rise to various lifestyles, including gaining advantage from other organisms. Plokiophilidae are cimicomorphan bugs that live in the silk constructions of other arthropods. One group, Embiophila, exclusively settles in the silk colonies of webspinners (Embioptera). We investigated the lifestyle of Embiophila using microscopy to study the micromorphology and material composition of the leg cuticle, choice assays and retention time measurements based on different characteristics of the embiopteran galleries and tilting experiments with different substrates to quantify the attachment performance of the bugs. Embiophila neither explicitly preferred embiopteran presence, nor required silk for locomotion, but the bugs preferred fibrous substrates during the choice experiments. The hairy attachment pad on the tibia showed the best attachment performance on substrates, with an asperity size of 1 µm. Additionally, very rough substrates enabled strong attachment, likely due to the use of claws. Our findings suggest that Embiophila settle in galleries of webspinners to benefit from the shelter against weather and predators and to feed on mites and other intruders. The combination of behavioral and functional morphological experiments enables insights into the life history of these silk-associated bugs, which would be highly challenging in the field due to the minute size and specialized lifestyle of Embiophila.
Journal Article
Life along the Silk Road / Susan Whitfield
\"In this long-awaited second edition, Susan Whitfield expands her trailblazing exploration of the Silk Road and broadens her rich and varied portrait of life along the great premodern trade routes of Eurasia. This new edition is comprehensively updated to support further understanding of themes relevant to global and comparative history. In the first 1,000 years after Christ, merchants, missionaries, monks, mendicants, and military men traveled on the vast network of Central Asian tracks that became known as the Silk Road. Whitfield recounts the lives of twelve individuals who lived at different times during this period, including two new characters: an African shipmaster and a Persian traveler and writer during the Arab caliphate. With these additional tales, Whitfield extends both geographical and chronological scope, bringing into view the maritime links across the Indian Ocean and depicting the network of north-south routes from the Baltic to the Gulf. Throughout the narrative, Whitfield conveys a strong sense of what life was like for ordinary men and women on the Silk Road, the individuals usually forgotten to history. A work of great scholarship, Life along the Silk Road continues to be extremely accessible and entertaining\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Silk, Slaves, and Stupas : Material Culture of the Silk Road
\"Following her bestselling Life Along the Silk Road, Susan Whitfield widens her exploration of the great cultural highway with another captivating portrait through the experience of things. Silk, Slaves, and Stupas tells the stories of ten very different objects, considering their interaction with the peoples and cultures of the Silk Road--those who made them, carried them, received them, used them, sold them, worshipped them, and, in more recent times, bought them, conserved them, and curated them. From a delicate pair of earrings from a steppe tomb to a massive stupa deep in Central Asia, a hoard of Kushan coins stored in an Ethiopian monastery to a Hellenistic glass bowl from a southern Chinese tomb, and a fragment of Byzantine silk wrapping the bones of a French saint to a Bactrian ewer depicting episodes from the Trojan War, these objects show us something of the cultural diversity and interaction along these trading routes of Afro-Eurasia. Exploring the labor, tools, materials, and rituals behind these various objects, Whitfield infuses her narrative with delightful details as the objects journey through time, space, and meaning. Silk, Slaves, and Stupas is a lively and unique approach to understanding the Silk Road and the cultural, economic, and technical changes of the late antiquity and medieval periods\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Spider Silk for Tissue Engineering Applications
Due to its properties, such as biodegradability, low density, excellent biocompatibility and unique mechanics, spider silk has been used as a natural biomaterial for a myriad of applications. First clinical applications of spider silk as suture material go back to the 18th century. Nowadays, since natural production using spiders is limited due to problems with farming spiders, recombinant production of spider silk proteins seems to be the best way to produce material in sufficient quantities. The availability of recombinantly produced spider silk proteins, as well as their good processability has opened the path towards modern biomedical applications. Here, we highlight the research on spider silk-based materials in the field of tissue engineering and summarize various two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds made of spider silk. Finally, different applications of spider silk-based materials are reviewed in the field of tissue engineering in vitro and in vivo.
Journal Article