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Electricity supply as well as the provision of other forms of resources is one of the foundations of efficient agriculture. However, due to the reduction in the number of people living in rural settlements, there have been a large number of power lines with considerable lengths supplying small loads, hence resulting in an increase in power supply efficiency. A single-wire power transmission is an option for reducing the capital cost of power line construction by utilizing fewer conductors and fittings and lighter power transmission towers while lowering operational expenses. This paper considers the possible methods for single-wire energy transmission via the analysis of information sources such as Yandex and Google search engines; Scopus and Google Scholar scientific databases; and Cyber Leninka, eLIBRARY.ru, Elsevier, Springer, IEEE Xplore, and IGI Global electronic libraries. The conducted review revealed four alternatives: a single-wire earth return (SWER) system, a single-wire balanced line (B-Line), resonant wireless power transmission (SWPT) system, and a resonant single-wire power transmission system. The latter is of particular interest due to the lack of comprehensive and detailed information describing this technology, although it has distinct characteristics because of the peculiarities of the resonant mode of operation. The paper provides a comprehensive review of all existing published materials on the topic of “resonant systems for the transmission of electrical energy along a single wire”. The study covers the history of development and the structure of this system; describes its features, advantages, and the problems of using it; and the experience and fields of its application.

Chassis parts that support the entire load of an automobile, such as the frame, cross-member, and lower arm, require fatigue performance. Chassis parts require different fatigue performances, depending on the shape and role of the components. For chassis components manufactured through gas metal arc welding (GMAW), joint gaps cannot be eliminated or constantly managed owing to spring-back and dimensional errors. When a joint gap occurs, the fatigue performance of a joint welded through GMAW decreases. Therefore, in this study, tandem GMAW (T-GMAW) was applied to weld joints with improved fatigue performance, compared to those welded through single-wire GMAW. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by comparing the fatigue performance of the joints with that of those welded through single-wire GMAW. The welding torch of the T-GMAW system was designed in a compact form suitable for automotive sites. In this study, joint gaps of 0 and 10 mm were selected, and the welding conditions were selected with the same deposit amount per unit area. The melt-pool behavior of T-GMAW and single-wire GMAW was confirmed using a high-speed camera. Results revealed that the fatigue strength of the weld of the T-GMA was approximately twice that of a single-wire GMA weld, regardless of the joint spacing.

This paper presents a novel Mott memristor-based multi-channel sensing system designed for the simultaneous processing of multiple sensing channels, employing single-wire data fusion and a greedy search strategy for back-end data recovery. Multiple channels of external stimulus information are simultaneously encoded into analog signals with varying frequencies, utilizing a Mott memristor array. Auxiliary circuits then convert the analog sensing signals into square wave signals which are further transformed into narrow (100 ns) pulse signals through pulse generation circuitry. Subsequently, these narrow pulse signals are fused into a single-wire signal by using an OR gate. At the back-end of the system, a greedy searching strategy is applied to accurately identify all frequencies within the fused pulse signal, enabling seamless analog-to-frequency conversion across multiple channels. The system is suitable for a wide range of sensors and can be directly connected to FPGAs for data processing, eliminating the need for traditional analogue front-end and ADC circuits and greatly reducing circuit complexity and power consumption. By leveraging the innovative capabilities of Mott memristors, the proposed system achieves precise analog-to-frequency conversion with significantly reduced power consumption.

The further development of wireless power transfer technology is hindered by the limiting relationship between transmission distance, transmission efficiency, and size of the coupling mechanism. Thus, a feasible solution was provided by one-way single-wire power transfer. First, a horn-type mode conversion device was proposed in this study by analyzing the principle of one-way single-wire power transfer. Second, the system structure was designed to save materials and reduce the volume of space. The transmission efficiency of the system was improved, and the operating frequency was reduced by optimizing the parameters of the mode conversion device. Finally, the feasibility and structural applicability of the one-way single-wire power transfer method proposed in this study were proved by the experimental results.

As a novel power supply method, single-wire power transfer has gained a great deal of attention. However, most of the related studies were based on using loops to realize a two-way power transfer. To further develop single-wire power transfer technology, a single-wire power transfer method is proposed in this paper, which does not rely on loops for power transfer. Through theoretical derivation, its transfer principle is analyzed, and a single-wire power transfer structure is designed. In addition, the theoretical derivation is verified by simulation analysis. Finally, the factors and laws that affect transfer efficiency are obtained through simulations and experiments. The research conducted in this paper is conducive to the development of single-wire power transfer methods, and lays a foundation for further research on transfer characteristics.

Helical steel wire ropes generate deterministic topology induced structural magnetic fields in the surrounding air under permanent magnet excitation, which superpose with defect induced incremental fields and complicate magnetic flux leakage interpretation. This work formulates the exterior magnetostatic problem in a homogeneous non magnetic air domain and derives an explicit kernel integral representation in which the free space kernel is invariant and the geometry enters only through helical parameterization and phase shift superposition. The analysis explains coupled circumferential and axial periodicities of intact responses, predicts lift off induced attenuation and smoothing of structural fluctuations, and accounts for the oblique spatial bias of single wire break responses as a topology driven shift along the local lay direction. Three dimensional finite element simulations for rod 1S19W and 7S133W configurations corroborate these trends.

We introduce a scheme for preparation, manipulation, and read out of Majorana zero modes in semiconducting wires with mesoscopic superconducting islands. Our approach synthesizes recent advances in materials growth with tools commonly used in quantum-dot experiments, including gate control of tunnel barriers and Coulomb effects, charge sensing, and charge pumping. We outline a sequence of milestones interpolating between zero-mode detection and quantum computing that includes (1) detection of fusion rules for non-Abelian anyons using either proximal charge sensors or pumped current, (2) validation of a prototype topological qubit, and (3) demonstration of non-Abelian statistics by braiding in a branched geometry. The first two milestones require only a single wire with two islands, and additionally enable sensitive measurements of the system’s excitation gap, quasiparticle poisoning rates, residual Majorana zero-mode splittings, and topological-qubit coherence times. These pre-braiding experiments can be adapted to other manipulation and read out schemes as well.

A design of microwave installation for energy concentration on a surface of a heated object is proposed. In the installation a dipole lattice on the basis of a single-wire transmission line is used which is located inside of reflector in a form of specular parabolic conducting cylinder. The heated object is placed in the area of microwave energy concentration. In the article a waveguide field of a surface wave in a reradiation mode is explored. The surface wave is reradiated by a group of vibrators coaxial with the waveguide wire. Results of experimental studies of field distribution along the waveguide operating in various modes are presented. The possibility of efficiency increase in reradiated field and its adjustment by contactless movement of reflector is shown.

The fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) magnetic systems on solid surfaces, although of high fundamental interest, has yet to be achieved for a crossover between two-dimensional (2D) magnetic layers and their associated 1D spin chain systems. In this study, we report the fabrication of 1D single-unit-cell-width CrCl 3 atomic wires and their stacked few-wire arrays on the surface of a van der Waals (vdW) superconductor NbSe 2 . Scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and first-principles calculations jointly revealed that the single wire shows an antiferromagnetic large-bandgap semiconducting state in an unexplored structure different from the well-known 2D CrCl 3 phase. Competition among the total energies and nanostructure-substrate interfacial interactions of these two phases result in the appearance of the 1D phase. This phase was transformable to the 2D phase either prior to or after the growth for in situ or ex situ manipulations, in which the electronic interactions at the vdW interface play a nontrivial role that could regulate the dimensionality conversion and structural transformation between the 1D-2D CrCl 3 phases. The isolation of graphene lead to a surge of interest in van der Waals materials, with more recent isolation of individual layers of transition metal chalcogenides, and various magnetic van der Waals materials. For many of these materials, controlled growth of one-dimensional systems, nanoribbons for example, have been demonstrated. Here, Lu et al add to this CrCl3, a van der Waals magnetic material, growing one-dimensional wires and observing their magnetic ordering via scanning tunneling microscopy.

In wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), deposition of multiple beads in multiple layers is required for fabricating any component. This article presents ways to optimize the selection of parameters for near-net shape deposition to minimize void and excess material in WAAM by GA. Initially single-bead geometry model was developed utilizing response surface methodology and experiments were conducted utilizing Box-Behenken design of experiments for deposition of 304L stainless steel in WAAM. Bead geometry parameters, i.e., bead width, bead height and bead cross-sectional area, etc., were expressed in terms of the process parameters like voltage, wire feed rate, torch speed and gas flow rate. Optimal processing conditions and deposition planning were determined utilizing a GA to minimize void and maximize material yield. The proposed approach was validated through deposition of three shapes, i.e., slice, wall and block. The three shapes fabricated with optimal parameters were found to have minimum void and maximum material yield. It has been revealed that optimal bead sizes and degree of overlapping are different for fabricating different geometries. Mechanical testing and metallurgical characterization of the deposited materials exhibited comparable properties of the deposited material to that of the base material. Moreover, double wire feed deposition was seen to deliver higher deposition rate and superior mechanical properties of the deposited material compared to the single wire feed deposition.