Explore the vast range of titles available.

Introduction. The constant increase in the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) makes their treatment a topic of paramount interest. Because most of NMSC tend to develop in visible areas such as head-neck area, it is a priority to choose the less destructive therapy and more appropriate reconstructive technique. Mohs Micrographic Surgery (MMS) represents the treatment of choice for skin tumors in critical sites, recurrent tumors and tumors with aggressive histologic features. Patients and Methods: We collected patients affected by NMSC who underwent MMS at the Dermatology Unit of IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda, Milan, in the period March 2017 - December 2021.Results. 159 patients were enrolled in this retrospective observational study. The excision margins were chosen based on a dermoscopic evaluation. The main histological diagnoses were basal cell carcinoma (145, 91.2%) and squamous cell carcinoma (10, 6.3%), in areas with high functional or anatomical value. 121 out of 159 surgeries did not require further enlargement after the removal of the clinically and dermoscopically visible lesion, but in 38 cases (23.9% of cases) the Pathologist required at least one subsequent enlargement, due to the persistence of neoplasm at the bottom or at the margins of the lesion. Only one recurrence has been reported so far. Conclusions: MMS is a pathology-controlled surgery with high intrinsic value because of the low risk of recurrences and should be routinely adopted for high-risk NMSC.

Background: Corneal transplantation requires exquisite microsurgical precision, particularly during the suturing of donor and recipient tissues. In corneal transplantation procedures such as penetrating keratoplasty, the donor cornea is traditionally secured using ultrafine 10-0 nylon sutures, meticulously placed under an operating microscope to achieve precise tension and promote optimal wound healing. Although this technique remains the reference standard, it is inherently time-intensive and requires advanced microsurgical expertise. To enhance surgical efficiency and maintain clinical outcomes, recent innovations have proposed the use of a modified stapling device equipped with ultrafine nylon staples as an alternative to conventional suturing. Although experimental stapling systems have been engineered to facilitate graft fixation, widespread clinical adoption or regulatory approval has not yet been achieved, largely because of unresolved concerns regarding precision, stability, and long-term safety. Hypothesis: To address these challenges, we propose an adaptation of the skin stapler mechanism, employing nylon-based staples specifically engineered for corneal application. This study hypothesizes that the development of a specialized corneal stapler as a viable, time-efficient alternative to manual suturing in keratoplasty is feasible, contingent upon addressing critical challenges. These include replicating the biomechanical finesse and tension control of sutures, ensuring the biocompatibility of staple materials with ocular tissues, and minimizing the risk of postoperative complications such as astigmatism, wound dehiscence, and infection. The specialized corneal stapler utilizing ultrafine, biocompatible nylon staples can replicate the precision, tension control, and wound stability achieved by traditional 10-0 nylon suturing in penetrating keratoplasty, while significantly reducing operative time and technical demands. Rigorous preclinical testing and clinical validation are essential to evaluate whether stapling technology can match or exceed the standards established by traditional suturing techniques in corneal transplantation. Conclusions: The conceptual model for a specialized corneal stapler presents a promising alternative to traditional suturing techniques. However, substantial technological innovation is necessary to meet the intricate anatomical and surgical requirements of the cornea. Further research, including iterative prototyping and preclinical validation, is essential before clinical applications can be realized. Moreover, further research and clinical validation are necessary to determine whether staplers can safely and effectively replace traditional sutures during corneal transplantation.

Postoperative wound infection in dermatologic surgery causes impaired wound healing, poor cosmetic outcome and increased morbidity. Patients with a high‐risk profile may benefit from perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. The objective of this systematic review was to identify risk factors for surgical site infection after dermatologic surgery. In this article, we report findings on patient‐dependent risk factors. The literature search included MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and trial registers. We performed meta‐analysis, if studies reported sufficient data to calculate risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Study quality was assessed according to the Newcastle‐Ottawa‐Scale. Seventeen observational studies that analysed 31213 surgical wounds were eligible for inclusion. Fourteen studies qualified for meta‐analysis. Nine studies showed good, three fair and five poor methodological quality. The reported incidence of surgical site infection ranged from 0.96% to 8.70%. Meta‐analysis yielded that male gender and immunosuppression were significantly associated with higher infection rates. There was a tendency towards a higher infection risk for patients with diabetes, without statistical significance. Meta‐analysis did not show different infection rates after excision of squamous cell carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma, but studies were substantially heterogenous. There was no significant association between risk for wound infection and smoking, age over 60 years, oral anti‐aggregation or anti‐coagulation or excision of malignant melanoma. In conclusion, the risk for surgical site infection in dermatologic surgery is low. Infection rates were increased significantly in male as well as immunosuppressed patients and non‐significantly in diabetics.

We present the case of a 55 years old male patient who came to our attention because of a basal cell carcinoma of the right retroauricolar area, near the mastoid-auricle border. The tumour had a size of about 1,5 cm. Repairing retroauricolar surgical defects may be actually very challenging, firstly because an incorrect reconstruction may result in severe deformities which are extremely hard to conceal; so we decided to employ the \"jigsaw puzzle\" advancement flap, a versatile flap, firstly successfully used in the reconstruction of a nasal ala defect.

Background Bromhidrosis, also known as body odor, is a common disease in life, which often occurs in young adults. The histological basis of bromhidrosis is the hyperplasia of apocrine sweat glands. Objective To compare the effects of different methods of endoscopy in microdynamic axillary osmidrosis removal on curative effect, complications, and surgical efficiency. Methods A total of 149 patients with axillary osmidrosis were treated in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2021. They were treated with endoscopic assistance in the whole process of operation (Group A) and endoscope‐assisted exploration after blind rotary cutter suction (Group B), respectively, and the curative effect, complication rate, and surgical efficiency were evaluated. Results There was no significant difference in the curative effect and complication rate between the two groups, but the endoscope‐assisted exploration group after suction with rotary cutter (Group B) had higher surgical efficiency. Conclusion On the basis of professional use of rotary cutter, it is efficient to choose endoscope to check the excision of sweat gland in the operation area and stop bleeding in time after blind suction.

Keloids are a fibroproliferative disease due to abnormal wound healing process after skin injury. They are characterized by overproduction of extracellular matrix (ECM) such as collagens. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small RNAs and negatively regulate protein expression. Several miRNAs that have critical roles in tissue fibrosis and ECM metabolism have been reported. However, regulation and function of miRNAs in keloid remain to be explored. The purpose of this study was to identify miRNAs involved in keloid pathogenesis. We performed miRNA microarray analysis to compare miRNA expression profiles between keloid-derived fibroblasts (KFs) and normal fibroblasts (NFs). In all, 7 upregulated and 20 downregulated miRNAs were identified. Among these, we focused on miR-196a, which showed the highest fold change. Overexpression or knockdown of miR-196a led to a decreased or increased level of secreted type I/III collagens, respectively. Reporter analysis showed direct binding of miR-196a to the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of COL1A1 and COL3A1. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time that miRNA expression profile is altered in KFs compared with NFs. Downregulation of miR-196a may be one of the mechanisms by which collagens are highly deposited in keloid tissues. Our findings suggest that miR-196a could be a new therapeutic target for keloid lesions.

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has recently emerged as a novel non-invasive treatment modality in dermatology, offering precise ablation of cutaneous lesions with minimal damage to surrounding tissue. Originally developed for deep-seated tumors, dermatological HIFU platforms operating at ~20 MHz enable submillimeter-scale treatment of thermal or mechanical injuries localized to the epidermis and superficial dermis, making them suitable for managing benign, premalignant, and malignant skin conditions. This review outlines the mechanistic basis of HIFU—including thermal coagulation, acoustic cavitation, and immunomodulatory effects—and presents the current evidence for its efficacy in treating actinic keratoses and basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), where early studies report clearance rates of 70–97% and excellent cosmetic outcomes. Compared to conventional therapies such as surgery, photodynamic therapy, or cryotherapy, HIFU offers reduced procedural pain, faster healing, and the ability to treat multiple lesions in a single session. Its role in field cancerization and potential utility in prophylaxis for high-risk skin areas are also explored. While promising, long-term oncologic outcomes and standardized treatment protocols remain under investigation. HIFU represents a significant advancement in non-invasive skin cancer management, aligning oncologic efficacy with patient-centered care.

The available tools for evaluating scientific content target written scientific evidence and referencing without considering surgical, technical, or video graphic aspects. This study developed and validated a tool for qualitatively evaluating videos in the field of skin surgery. This will increase the quality of recorded surgical materials published online and ultimately enhance the reliability of streaming platforms as educational resources. Tool development included several stages: draft generation, expert panel setting, internal reliability testing, and pilot study. After two rounds of expert panels evaluating the developed tool, 23 relevant items evaluating the educational value, scientific accuracy, and clarity of the surgical technical steps of the videos were obtained. We applied the tool to the top 25 YouTube videos discussing elliptical excision. Internal consistency, reliability, and substantial agreement between the raters were identified. We identified a strong positive correlation between our tool score and the global rating score (r= 0.55, P= 0.004). It is critical to avoid relying on any video for educational purposes. The tool generated and validated in our study can determine a video's value. A pilot study of 25 YouTube videos demonstrated that the available videos are of fair-good quality, thus necessitating the need for high-quality video production.