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"Social sciences and ethics"
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The seduction of ethics : transforming the social sciences
The Seduction of Ethics also investigates how researchers have tailored their approaches in response to technical demands - leading social science disciplines to resemble each other more closely and lose the richness of their research. Van den Hoonaard reveals an idiosyncratic and inconsistent world in which researchers employ particular strategies of avoidance or partial or full compliance as they seek approval from ethics committees.
Book
Social Science Ethics for Research and Practice
This book discusses Social Science Ethics and its relevance to social scientists. In most cases, the sub-disciplines of social science have become independent academic programmes. Nonetheless, social science degree programmes are interrelated. This book will discuss broadly the importance of social science ethics, and examine more specifically, ethics of communications, sociology, political science, philosophy and among others. In particular, the book focuses on the experiences of researchers in, and from, Africa, and challenges international social science scholars to learn from these experiences, and to share their own. Authors discuss the different ways social scientists, media practitioners and students can use ethics to develop good conscience, attitudes and conduct required for public service. International social scientists, academics, researchers, and students will find this book a useful resource material for teaching and research.
eBook
Navigating crisis: a qualitative exploration of medical social workers’ responses to ethical issues during COVID-19
Background
Medical social workers’ (MedSWs) roles and responsibilities expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic. They experienced larger caseloads, restrictive protocols, new policies, and work outside of their professional scope, despite limited access to resources, support, or hazard compensation. As a result, MedSWs faced complex ethical situations, which they had to address in accordance with the profession’s guiding principles.
Methods
We conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews with 54 MedSWs about their professional experiences during the pandemic and used the National Association of Social Worker’s Code of Ethics (service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance of human relationships, integrity, and competence) as a deductive coding guide to describe MedSWs' navigation of and responsiveness to ethical situations across healthcare settings. We defined ethical situations as threats to values and ethical actions as attempts to resolve the threat in a way that aligns with professional standards. Our methodology was informed and documented via the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist.
Results
From MedSWs' interviews, we identified six major ethical situations that aligned with the six values and ethical principles in the Code: inadequate addressing of patients’ social determinants of health by healthcare institutions (
service
), social injustices negatively impacting patients' and providers’ healthcare experiences (
social justice
), de-prioritization of patients’ wishes in high stakes situations (
dignity and worth of the person
), social isolation and related distress resulting from social distancing policies (
importance of human relationships
), encroachment on social workers’ scope of practice boundaries (
integrity
), and lack of preparedness among social workers for emergency COVID-19 situations (
competence
). We also identified several ethical actions, aligning with the six ethical principles, that MedSWs took to address these situations.
Conclusion
The ethical situations and actions that MedSWs discussed in this qualitative study align closely with the experiences of other healthcare workers during the pandemic. Despite uncertain situations, MedSWs relied on their innate understanding of social work principles to guide ad hoc decision-making. Results from this analysis indicate the need for more robust administrative and institutional support structures that would allow MedSWs to practice self-care, maintain their scope of practice boundaries, and access additional emergency preparedness training.
Journal Article
Why things matter to people : social science, values and ethical life
\"Andrew Sayer undertakes a fundamental critique of social science's difficulties in acknowledging that people's relation to the world is one of concern. As sentient beings, capable of flourishing and suffering, and particularly vulnerable to how others treat us, our view of the world is substantially evaluative. Yet modernist ways of thinking encourage the common but extraordinary belief that values are beyond reason, and merely subjective or matters of convention, with little or nothing to do with the kind of beings people are, the quality of their social relations, their material circumstances or well-being. The author shows how social theory and philosophy need to change to reflect the complexity of everyday ethical concerns and the importance people attach to dignity. He argues for a robustly critical social science that explains and evaluates social life from the standpoint of human flourishing\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Paths of ethics in research in Laos and Mekong countries
Two ethics committees, one from Laos, the other from France, met in Vientiane in October 2015. Researchers examined a multitude of ethical issues related to health, the environment, and societies in countries in the Mekong region. Urgent, universal questions were discussed in local contexts; productive debates illustrated a complex array of possible solutions. This book, born out of that meeting, serves as a guide for those working across the spectrum of scientificfields on paths to promote justice and reduce suffering.
eBook
Conscience, Dissent and Reform in Soviet Russia
This book embraces the political, intellectual, social and cultural history of Soviet Russia. Providing a useful perspective of Putin's Russia, and with a strong historical and religious background, the book:
looks at the changing features of the Soviet ideology from Lenin to Stalin, and the moral universe of Stalin's time
explores the history of the moral thinking of the dissident intelligentsia
examines the moral dimension of Soviet dissent amongst dissidents of both religious and secular persuasions, and includes biographical material
explores the ethical assumptions of the perestroika era, firstly amongst Communist leaders, and then in the emerging democratic and national forces.
eBook
How social preferences provide effort incentives in situations of financial support
When people anticipate financial support, they may reduce preventive effort. We conjecture that the source of financial support can mitigate this moral hazard effect due to social preferences. We compare effort choices when another individual voluntarily provides financial support against effort choices under purely monetary incentives. When financial support is provided voluntarily by another individual, we expect recipients to exert more effort to avoid bad outcomes (level effect) and to reduce effort provision to a lesser degree as financial support becomes more generous (sensitivity effect). We conducted an incentivized laboratory experiment and find some evidence for the level effect and strong evidence for the sensitivity effect. This leads to significant gains in material efficiency with expected wealth being 5.5% higher and 37.3% less volatile.
Journal Article