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"Socialism Latin America."
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Zapatistas
In the early hours of January 1, 1994 a guerrilla army of indigenous Mayan peasants emerged from the highlands and jungle in the far southeast of Mexico and declared \"¡Ya basta!\" - \"Enough!\" - to 500 years of colonialism, racism, exploitation, oppression, and genocide. As elites in Canada, the United States, and Mexico celebrated the coming into force of the North American Free Trade Agreement the Zapatista Army of National Liberation (Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional, EZLN) declared war against this 500 year old trajectory toward oblivion, one that they said was most recently reincarnated in the form of neoliberal capitalist globalization that NAFTA represented.
While the Zapatista uprising would have a profound impact upon the socio-political fabric of Chiapas its effects would be felt far beyond the borders of Mexico. At a moment when state-sponsored socialism had all but vanished from the global political landscape and other familiar elements of the left appeared utterly demoralized and defeated in the face of neoliberal capitalism's global ascendance, the Zapatista uprising would spark an unexpected and powerful new wave of radical socio-political action transnationally.
Through an exploration of the Zapatista movement's origins, history, structure, aims, political philosophy and practice, and future directions this book provides a critical, comprehensive, and accessible overview of one of the most important rebel groups in recent history.
eBook
Latin America's turbulent transitions
Over the past few years, something remarkable has occurred in Latin America. For the first time since the Sandinista Revolution in Nicaragua in the 1980s, people within the region have turned toward radical left governments - specifically in Venezuela, Bolivia, and Ecuador. Why has this profound shift taken place and how does this new, so-called Twenty-First-Century Socialism actually manifest itself? What are we to make of the often fraught relationship between the social movements and governments in these countries and do, in fact, the latter even qualify as 'socialist' in reality?
These are the bold and critical questions that Latin America's Turbulent Transitions explores. The authors provocatively argue that although US hegemony in the region is on the wane, the traditional socialist project is also declining and something new is emerging. Going beyond simple conceptions of 'the left', the book reveals the true underpinnings of this powerful, transformative, and yet also complicated and contradictory process.
eBook
The success of the left in Latin America : untainted parties, market reforms, and voting behavior
\"Why, since the beginning of the twenty-first century, have so many Latin American countries elected governments identifying themselves with the ideological Left? In The Success of the Left in Latin America: Untainted Parties, Market Reforms, and Voting Behavior, Rosario Queirolo argues that the \"pink tide\" that swept across Latin America beginning in the late 1990s--with the election of a growing number of leftist political candidates to public office--was caused by the intent of voters to punish political parties unable to improve the economic well-being of their electorates. She argues that Latin Americans vote based on performance, ousting those whom they perceive as responsible for economic downturns, and ushering into power those in the \"untainted opposition,\" which has been the Left in most Latin American countries. Queirolo argues that the effects of neoliberal economic reforms did not produce more votes for political parties on the Left. Rather, the key variable is unemployment. Left-leaning parties in Latin America increase their electoral chances when unemployment is high. In addition to explaining recent electoral successes of leftist parties, The Success of the Left in Latin America also undermines a dominant scholarly view of Latin Americans as random and unpredictable voters by showing how the electorate at the polls holds politicians accountable. \"Rosario Queirolo's The Success of the Left in Latin America: Untainted Parties, Market Reforms, and Voting Behavior makes a valuable contribution to the study of Latin American politics and of comparative politics more generally. Queirolo makes a compelling argument that the general shift to the Left in Latin America was less a straightforward protest against neoliberal policies but more strongly a reaction to negative economic performance. Enriched with extensive survey data, her book is authoritative and persuasive.\" --Elizabeth J. Zechmeister, Vanderbilt University\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Labour Super-Exploitation, Unequal Exchange, and Capital Reproduction
Why is it that even after two centuries of formal political independence and after the implementation of policies that were supposed to lead them to development, Latin American countries have not managed to overcome underdevelopment, poverty, and dependency? Why are the contradictions inherent to capitalism exacerbated in Latin America, in such a way that this region appears as the denial of the civilising promises inaugurated by capitalist modernity? Why do the asymmetrical relations in the world system and labour super-exploitation tend to deepen in the region, instead of being reduced? Why do the main social processes that challenge the capitalist relations of exploitation and domination take place in the ‘periphery’ of the system, not in its imperialist core? The essays collected in this book present the answers that Marxist dependency theory has formulated to these and other questions, by highlighting the processes and relations that characterise the heterogeneous deployment of capitalism as a world system and that define the particularities of Latin American dependent capitalism: the super-exploitation of labour-power, unequal exchange, the rupture in the cycle of capital, among others. It also highlights the relevance of the perspective inaugurated by Marxist dependency theory to explain the current problems of Latin America.
eBook
Social movements and leftist governments in Latin America : confrontation or co-optation?
Addresses an issue that is crucial for politics in the region today but has yet to be properly analysed - specifically, what is the position of the social movements after progressive governments take power.
eBook
Success of the Left in Latin America
Why, since the beginning of the twenty-first century, have so
many Latin American countries elected governments identifying
themselves with the ideological Left? In The Success of the
Left in Latin America: Untainted Parties, Market Reforms, and
Voting Behavior , Rosario Queirolo argues that the \"pink tide\"
that swept across Latin America beginning in the late 1990s-with
the election of a growing number of leftist political candidates to
public office-was caused by the intent of voters to punish
political parties unable to improve the economic well-being of
their electorates. She argues that Latin Americans vote based on
performance, ousting those whom they perceive as responsible for
economic downturns, and ushering into power those in the \"untainted
opposition,\" which has been the Left in most Latin American
countries.
Queirolo argues that the effects of neoliberal economic reforms
did not produce more votes for political parties on the Left.
Rather, the key variable is unemployment. Left-leaning parties in
Latin America increase their electoral chances when unemployment is
high. In addition to explaining recent electoral successes of
leftist parties, The Success of the Left in Latin America
also undermines a dominant scholarly view of Latin Americans as
random and unpredictable voters by showing how the electorate at
the polls holds politicians accountable.
eBook
Democracy and revolution : Latin America and socialism today
Is socialism dead since the fall of the Soviet Union? What is the way forward for the Left? This book argues that Cuba and Venezuela provide inspiration for anti-globalisation and anti-capitalist movements across the world. Another world Is possible, but only through an effective political strategy to win power on a popular and democratic basis. D. L. Raby argues that the way forward for progressives is not the dogmatic formulae of the Old Left, nor in the spontaneous autonomism of John Holloway or Tony Negri. Instead, it is to be found in new, broad and flexible popular movements with bold and determined leadership. Examining the relationship of key leaders to their people, including Hugo Chávez and the Sandinistas in Nicaragua, Raby shows that it is more necessary than ever to take power, peacefully where possible, but in all cases with the strength that comes from popular unity backed by force where necessary. In this way it is possible to build democratic power, which may or may not be socialist depending on one's definition, but which represent the real anti-capitalist alternative for the twenty-first century.
eBook