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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to help companies address the problem of ever-increasing cybersecurity investment that does not produce tangible business value – this is achieved by explaining the relationship between cybersecurity and competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach The impact of cybersecurity on competitive advantage was explored through a qualitative research study – the authors conducted an extensive literature review and conducted two rounds of semi-structured interviews with executives and security professionals from companies in four countries, from the financial, IT and security industries. Findings The analysis of the findings enabled the conceptualization of the Cybersecurity Competitive Advantage Model that explains how to build up cybersecurity dynamic capabilities to achieve long-term competitive advantage. Research limitations/implications The research presents the theorization of the model based on an extensive literature review, gathered information, insight from qualified respondents and the authors’ experience in the field. While we controlled for saturation and rigorously collected and analyzed the data, the inductive approach followed may limit the generalizability of the findings. Practical implications The proposed model helps explain to executives how to differentiate their company in a novel way and how to retain that competitive advantage; security professionals can use the model to organize cybersecurity and communicate to their superiors more effectively. Originality/value The presented model differs from existing literature, cybersecurity frameworks and industry standards by presenting a method of avoiding technological bias and for achieving competitive advantage.

Risks must be controlled during the development of a new system in order to best promote success. However, resources that can be dedicated to controlling risks are often limited. To best design an effective and efficient portfolio of controls, it is important to understand if and how risks change during the course of a system development. Using a framework developed from socio-technical theories, we conduct a multiple case study to determine the pattern of risk dynamics through the stages of the development life cycle. Risks associated with structural concerns dominate and increase as the life cycle progress, while technology risks are not very common early, but become so later. Risks associated with tasks and actor are common and do not change much in incidence. The results indicate the value of the socio-technical model in identifying risks and how control portfolios should change over the course of a system development.

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على تأثير تعرض الشباب لفيديوهات التيك توك عبر هواتفهم الذكية على إدراكهم للقيم الاجتماعية في المجتمع، واعتمدت الدراسة على منهج المسح، وتمثلت عينة البحث في عينة قوامها (400) مفردة من طلاب الجامعات المصرية بواقع 200 ذكور و200 إناث من جامعات (بنى سويف- النهضة- المنيا- دراية)، اعتمدت الدراسة على استمارة الاستقصاء، وتمثلت نتائج الدراسة فيما يلي: جاءت أهم أسباب تعرض الشباب لفيديوهات التيك توك- Tik Tok المعروضة عبر الهواتف الذكية في الترتيب الأول من هذه الأسباب \"للتسلي والترفيه\"، ثم \"التعرف على سلبيات الواقع الذي نعيش فيه\"، يليها \"الجراءة في طرح الموضوعات\"، ثم\" تنشر أنماط مجتمعية جديدة\"، يليها \"إتاحة الفرصة لتنوع الآراء والأفكار من خلال نشرها وعرضها\"، ثم \"تنقل واقع حقيقي غير مفتعل\"، يليها \"تسمح بمشاركة الجمهور وإبداء الرأي\"، ثم \"تقدم أشكال حياة شبابية معاصرة\" يليها \"تؤدي إلى كشف الانحرافات في المجتمع\" وأخيرا \"الإلمام بخلفية الأحداث الجارية\"، - أشارت النتائج إلى أهم القيم التي أبرزتها فيديوهات Tik Tok المعروضة على تطبيق الهواتف الذكية في الترتيب الأول من هذه القيم \"الأخلاقية\"، يليها \"القيم الدينية\"، ثم \"القيم الثقافية\"، يليها \"القيم الاجتماعية\" وأخيرا جاءت \"قيم المواطنة\"، لا توجد فرق دال إحصائيا بين متوسطات درجات الذكور ومتوسطات درجات الإناث ممن يتابعون فيديوهات التيك توك وتأثيرها على القيم الاجتماعية لديهم،- يوجد فرق دال إحصائيا بين متوسطات درجات الكليات النظرية ومتوسطات درجات الكليات العملية ممن يتابعون فيديوهات التيك توك وتأثيرها على القيم الاجتماعية لديهم، - توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائيا بين مستويات تعرض الشباب لفيديوهات التيك توك وتأثيرها على إدراكهم للقيم الاجتماعية لديهم، توجد علاقة ارتباطية إيجابية بين دوافع تعرض الشباب لفيديوهات التيك توك وبين إدراكهم للقيم الاجتماعية لديهم.

This empirical study reports a unique implementation process of knowledge sharing from Buckman Laboratories. Through a socio-technical perspective on Knowledge Management, this paper highlights the interplay between Knowledge Management systems and the organizational context.

The phenomenon of inter-organizational information systems (IOIS) evolution has not yet been adequately researched and understood. We present and analyse empirical data from a case in which electronic ordering in the Australian pharmaceutical industry evolved over a 30-year period from closed to quasi-open systems. We analyse this revelatory case using a practice-theoretical framework to make visible the phenomenon of IOIS evolution. An essential characteristic of this framework is the distinction between and symmetrical treatment of material, normative and ideational structures within the practices that constitute the IOIS. Against the findings of this case study, we then evaluate two promising models of long-term IS change, namely Porra's (1999) Colonial Systems model and Lyytinen and Newman's (2008) Punctuated Socio-technical IS Change model. These models are selected as highly elaborated IS exemplars of two classes of theories of organizational change, namely evolutionary and dialectical theories. We find that these two models can only partially explain our findings. Finally, we make suggestions for developing more comprehensive theoretical models within these two classes of IS change theories. In practical terms, our paper shows that the transformation from closed to open IOIS may require adoption of longer time frames than are usually assumed and closer attention to norms and rationales usually neglected in IS projects.

The paper poses the problem of increasing the efficiency of energy- and resource saving in socio-technical systems, which consist of resource-intensive subsystems (for example, subsystems of electricity, heat and water supply). A compositional fuzzy model for efficiency estimating of energy- and resource saving of socio-technical systems is proposed. This compositional fuzzy model consists of the following models: firstly, a set of fuzzy cognitive models for estimating the effects of actions on the subsystems’ indicators; secondly, a set of fuzzy rules-based models for efficiency estimating of energy- and resource saving of subsystems; thirdly, a generalized fuzzy model for efficiency estimating of energy- and resource saving of system as a whole. The procedure of compositional fuzzy modeling of energy- and resource saving in socio-technical systems is described.

The incorporation of ethnomethodology in professional systems development has prompted the call for the approach to move from design critique to design practice and the invention of the future. This has resulted in the development of a variety of mixing pot hybrids that have had marginal impact upon product-based development, whose needs the approach has been configured to meet. This paper suggests that a concern to fit ethnomethodology into product-based development life cycles is a primary source of the difficulties encountered in moving ethnomethodology from design critique to design practice. In practice, ethnomethodology is largely employed in research rather than product development settings. Recognition of the real-world uses of ethnomethodology in design practice opens up the possibility of devising a hybrid methodology that actively supports the invention of the future. Accordingly, this paper articulates a distinct socio-technical model that provides an iterative structure for the constructive involvement of ethnomethodology in processes of technological innovation, the results of which may subsequently be subject to the rationalities and constraints of product development.

This chapter proposes that major and somewhat shocking innovations in the content and focus of occupational risk management systems will be necessary to achieve additional progress in fatality and serious injury prevention. It discusses such innovations and comments on the history of activities focused on preventing serious injuries and fatalities. Many serious injuries could have been fatalities under slightly different circumstances. The chapter analyzes data on serious injuries because the results may provide valuable information on actions to be taken to prevent fatalities and other serious injuries. Data derived from analyses of serious injuries may be influential in achieving attention to incidents that have fatality potential. A Socio‐Technical Model for an Operational Risk Management System is thus presented here. Effectively adopting the elements in this model will reduce serious injury and fatality potential—and it will have the same effect on the occurrence of all other injuries.

Growing concerns about the cost, efficiency, and safety of our health care system have turned national attention on health care information technologies (HIT) such as electronic health records (EHRs) as important foundational solutions to enable the transformation of health care delivery. However, a growing number of research and review articles are raising concerns that poor implementation, workflow integration or design of EHR systems can paradoxically facilitate medication errors, increase mortality, lead to physician dissatisfaction, and adversely impact physician–patient relationship. Through the lens of a variety of case studies, this reference book illustrates that HIT/EHR usage is not without risks and provides practical, clinically acceptable risk mitigation strategies.

This chapter promotes macro thinking versus micro thinking, and uses citations pertaining to management systems taken from introduction in ANSI/AIHA Z10‐2012, the Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems standard. The chapter explores the integration of processes and systems and their interrelation and interdependence. Micro thinking focuses on and considers only the direct or immediate contributing factors in a hazard/risk situation. Macro thinking is a process that considers the interrelationships and dynamics among system components and the decision making throughout the operating system. The chapter promotes the use of the five‐why technique to improve the quality of incident investigation as a problem‐solving method in general and to promote macro thinking. It suggests taking a holistic approach to risk avoidance, elimination, reduction, or control. Application of the principles embodied in socio‐technical theory is later explored. Finally, the chapter relates the socio‐technical theory to “A Socio‐Technical Model for an Operational Risk Management System”.