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Récit d’un loup. Narration empathique dans Nés de la nuit de Caroline Audibert
The article explores animal narration and its empathetic potential in the novel Nés de la nuit by Caroline Audibert. Unlike the usual situation in literature, where animals are described by humans, Audibert gives voice to the wolf, thus eliminating the anthropocentric perspective and offering an authentic look at the animal experience. Drawing on selected studies into the problem of empathy in literature, the article studies the modalities and functions of animal narration in order to demonstrate the way in which it works to create a text with a powerful ecological message. The analyses show that this narrative strategy promotes immersion in the textual universe, while also bringing about a moral change in the reader. It allows us to discover the habits of the wolf as well as the richness and resilience of nature, making the reader aware of the need to respect and protect it.
Journal Article
S’arbrifier ou pour une approche empathique du végétal Exemple de L’En vert de nos corps de Christine Van Acker
The purpose of this article is to analyze a possibility of an empathetic
approach to plants, and beyond, to the environment in L’En vert de
nos corps by a Belgian writer Christine Van Acker. At the intersection
of care theory and ecocriticism, we study three ways which this
empathetic approach chooses to restore the lost bonds between
humans and non-human beings: the sensuous (in the David Abram’s
and Jacques Tassin’s meaning), art, and identification. Our analysis
shows that the empathy, considered as the ability to understand,
to share experiences and to take care, involves an array of attitudes
required nowadays in front of environmental crisis and our
interspecific vulnerability which comes within: arts of noticing (Tsing),
exploration, awareness of the very complexity of our environment
and the capacity of marveling. It makes the empathy participate
in regenerating our relationship with nature.
Journal Article
Introduction to sociobiology
The aim of the book \"Introduction to Sociobiology\" is to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the fascinating field of sociobiology. This thought-provoking book delves into the intricate relationship between biology and social behavior, exploring how genetics and evolution shape the social dynamics of various species, including humans. Through a combination of scientific research and captivating examples, this book aims to unravel the mysteries of why organisms behave the way they do, illuminating the underlying biological mechanisms that influence social interactions, cooperation, and conflict. By the end, readers will gain a deeper appreciation for the interconnectedness of biology and society, paving the way for a more holistic understanding of human behavior.
eBook
Effective use of the McNemar test
It is not uncommon for researchers to want to interrogate paired binomial data. For example, researchers may want to compare an organism’s response (positive or negative) to two different stimuli. If they apply both stimuli to a sample of individuals, it would be natural to present the data in a 2 × 2 table. There would be two cells with concordant results (the frequency of individuals which responded positively or negatively to both stimuli) and two cells with discordant results (the frequency of individuals who responded positively to one stimulus, but negatively to the other). The key issue is whether the totals in the two discordant cells are sufficiently different to suggest that the stimuli trigger different reactions. In terms of the null hypothesis testing paradigm, this would translate as a P value which is the probability of seeing the observed difference in these two values or a more extreme difference if the two stimuli produced an identical reaction. The statistical test designed to provide this P value is the McNemar test. Here, we seek to promote greater and better use of the McNemar test. To achieve this, we fully describe a range of circumstances within biological research where it can be effectively applied, describe the different variants of the test that exist, explain how these variants can be accessed in R, and offer guidance on which of these variants to adopt. To support our arguments, we highlight key recent methodological advances and compare these with a novel survey of current usage of the test.
Journal Article