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"Solar power generation"
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Maximizing Annual Energy Yield in a Grid-Connected PV Solar Power Plant: Analysis of Seasonal Tilt Angle and Solar Tracking Strategies
Harnessing the abundant solar resources holds great potential for sustainable energy generation. This research paper delves into a comprehensive analysis of seasonal tilt and solar tracking strategy scenarios for a 15 MW grid-connected PV solar power plant situated in Kandahar province, Afghanistan. The study investigates the impact of fixed tilt, seasonal tilt, SAHST (single-axis horizontal solar tracking), and SAVST (single-axis vertical solar tracking) on energy yield, considering technical, economic, and environmental aspects. In the first scenario, a fixed tilt angle of 31 degrees was employed. The second scenario explored the use of seasonal tilt angles, with a summer tilt angle of 15 degrees and a winter tilt angle of 30 degrees. The third scenario analyzed SAHST. Finally, the fourth scenario focused on implementing SAVST. SAVST proved to be an exceptional solution, showcasing a remarkable increase in annual energy yield, and generating an additional 6680 MWh/year, 6336 MWh/year, and 5084 MWh/year compared to fixed, seasonal, and SAHST scenarios, respectively. As a result, surplus energy yielded an income of USD 554,440.00 per year compared to fixed tilt. However, the investment cost for the solar tracking system amounted to USD 1,451,932, accompanied by an annual operation and maintenance cost of 0.007 USD/W/year. The analysis revealed a promising payback period of 3 years, confirming the economic feasibility of this investment. The findings underscore the effectiveness of different strategies for optimizing solar power generation in the Kandahar region. Notably, the installation of SAVST emerged as an influential solution, significantly increasing power production. These research outcomes bear practical implications for solar tracking strategies for addressing the load challenges faced by Kandahar province and offer valuable insights for the operators and operation of solar power plants in similar regions.
Journal Article
Solar electricity basics : powering your home or office with solar energy
A guide that discusses \"how to size, cost, and choose the right system, including off-grid vs. grid-tied vs. grid-tied with battery backup; where to mount a system for maximum performance; what type of modules and inverters to buy; how to install and maintain batteries; cost vs. benefit for solar electric systems; [and] how to connect to the grid, and what type of net metering your area offers\"--Publisher marketing.
Book
Optimizing Solar Power Generation in Urban Industrial Blocks: The Impact of Block Typology and PV Material Performance
The block-scale application of photovoltaic technology in cities is becoming a viable solution for renewable energy utilization. The rapid urbanization process has provided urban buildings with a colossal development potential for solar energy in China, especially in industrial areas that provide more space for the integration of PV equipment. In developing solar energy resources, the block layout and the PV materials are two critical factors affecting the distribution of solar radiation and generation. However, few studies have analyzed how to select the most suitable PV materials for different layouts of industrial blocks to obtain the best generation. This study considered the layout of industrial blocks and PV materials simultaneously, and the generation yield was calculated when combined. A total of 40 real industrial block cases were constructed, and radiation distribution data on building surfaces of different block cases were calculated. Data on both were combined to calculate the generation of different PV materials for each block type. The findings indicated that single-story industrial blocks possessed the highest potential for solar radiation, primarily due to the higher percentage of roof area. The influence of PV materials on the installation rate of different building facades varied, with the installation rate of the west facade being the most impacted by PV performance and the roof being the least impacted. Using different PV materials in industrial blocks could lead to a 59.2% difference in solar generation capacity. For single-layer industrial blocks, mono crystalline and poly crystalline silicon were preferable to achieve higher power generation. In contrast, multi-story and high-rise industrial blocks were best suited for a-Si and CIGS to attain higher cost performance. The methods and results of this study guided the selection and installation of PV equipment in various block typologies, thereby improving the refinement of solar resource development, maximizing solar resource utilization, and promoting the development of energy conservation and carbon reduction in cities.
Journal Article
The revolution in energy technology : innovation and the economics of the solar photovoltaic industry
\"The solar photovoltaic sector is moving forward very fast, both in terms of its own technological advancement and its standing among global renewable energy technologies. Rapid increases in solar cell efficiencies, fast technical change in solar batteries and solar glass, and economies of scale in production fuel its rapid adoption, and it is becoming clear that existing forecasts about its adoption need to be updated extensively. This timely and distinctive examination of the economic side of the field takes into account solar PV's recent and growing lead among renewable energies competing to replace fossil fuels. The Revolution in Energy Technology examines the birth of this technology in the United States, where the main innovators are still located, the emergence of China as a main production hub, and new and growing contributions to the innovation cascades from other countries including Germany, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. The participation of universities as investors and the role of venture capital are discussed, and particular emphasis is given to the domination of the sector by large firms. The book is interesting for both academics and graduate students as well as policy-makers, technicians, engineers and companies involved in the field.\"-- Back cover.
Book
Load regulation application of university campus based on solar power generation forecasting
For a solar photovoltaic power system on a university campus, the electricity generated by the system meets the campus load, and the extra electricity is delivered to the grid. Generally, the price of the photovoltaic system is cheaper than that of the utility power system. The full use of solar electricity can reduce the electricity cost of the school. The deep belief network is used to predict solar photovoltaic generation and electricity load, and the gap is found. According to the gap, the power loads on the campus are adjusted to improve the utilization rate of solar power generation. Through the practical application of Changqing Campus of Qilu University of Technology in China, it is found that the utilization rate of solar photovoltaic power generation effectively improved from 91.24% in 2017 to 98.16% in 2019, and the annual electricity is saved by 68 610 yuan (in 2019).
Journal Article
Solar photovoltaic power optimization : enhancing system performance through operations, measurement, and verification
\"This book focuses on the rapidly maturing solar photovoltaic (PV) industry, which is achieving an ever-increasing share of U.S. and global power production. There is a growing need for all stakeholders - owners, maintenance technicians, utilities, and installers - to fully understand the operations and maintenance of PV systems, and how to monitor and diagnose systems post installation. Recognizing this need, this book covers monitoring and diagnostic techniques and technologies, including how to identify the causes of poor performance, and measure and verify power production. Drawing on global case studies, it details how to achieve optimal PV power output in the field through an overview of basic electrical, the solar PV module and Balance of System, and processes and software for monitoring, measurement, and verification. It also provides an overview of the North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioner's (NABCEP) new PV System Inspector credential, which will be outlined in the final chapter. Equipping the reader with the knowledge and confidence required to maximize the output of solar PV installations, Solar Photovoltaics Power Optimization will be an essential resource for PV practitioners and students.\"--Back cover.
Book
Solar-Net: Adaptive Fusion of Spatial-Temporal Features for Resilient Solar Power Generation Forecasting
Solar power generation forecasting faces significant challenges due to intermittency and volatility, particularly under extreme weather conditions. This study proposes Solar-Net, a novel solar power generation prediction model based on a CNN+Transformer hybrid parallel architecture with an adaptive attention fusion mechanism. The CNN branch extracts spatial features from the power station layout and environmental conditions, while the Transformer branch models temporal dependencies in generation patterns. The core innovation lies in the adaptive attention fusion mechanism that dynamically adjusts branch weights according to real-time meteorological conditions, enabling the model to automatically adapt to varying environmental scenarios. Experiments were conducted on a comprehensive dataset containing over 50,000 observation points from two photovoltaic power stations. Results demonstrate that Solar-Net achieves superior performance compared to existing methods, with Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) improvements of 12.7% and 10.9%, respectively. Under extreme weather conditions such as dust storms, the model maintains prediction errors within 8.5% of peak power generation, representing a 45.7% average reduction compared to baseline methods. The multi-scale convolution design enhances prediction accuracy by 10.5% while reducing computational complexity by 21.3%. The proposed Solar-Net model provides a robust and efficient solution for solar power generation forecasting, demonstrating significant potential for improving grid dispatching efficiency and supporting renewable energy integration in power systems.
Journal Article
Solar power : innovation, sustainability, and environmental justice
\"Drawing on case studies and information collected over the past decade, Solar Power tells a story about the social and environmental considerations for scaling solar power. The book articulates a vision for a more sustainable and just solar industry. While decarbonizing electricity systems with clean, solar power will have tremendous social and environmental benefits, scaling solar industries for electricity will have impacts from global supply chains to land use, through end-of-life that need attention to avoid environmental justice, land use, and waste impacts associated with manufacturing, deployment, and disposal of these clean technologies\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
A Modular Multilevel Converter with an Advanced PWM Control Technique for Grid-Tied Photovoltaic System
Due to global warming and shortage of fossil fuels, the grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system has gained significant popularity all over the world. The modular multilevel cascaded (MMC) inverter is the natural choice for step-up transformer and line filter less direct medium voltage grid integration of solar PV systems. However, power quality and loss are the important issues while connecting the PV system to the medium voltage grid through MMC inverter. Modulation technique is the key to maintain output power quality, e.g., total harmonic distortion (THD) and to ensure low switching and conduction losses. In this paper, an advanced modulation technique named “triangle saturated common mode pulse width modulation (TSCMPWM)” control is proposed for a 3-phase 5-level MMC inverter-based grid-tied PV system. Compared to traditional modulation techniques, the proposed TSCMPWM control offers the lowest voltage THD as well as lower inverter power losses. Performance of the proposed modulation technique is evaluated in MATLAB/Simulink environment and tested with a reduced scale prototype test platform. Both simulation and experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed modulation technique.
Journal Article