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"Sportsmanship Children"
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The Big Cheese
\"The Big Cheese is the best at everything, and brags about it, too. When the annual Cheese-cathlon comes around, the Big Cheese is prepared to win, as always. But what happens when the quiet new kid, Wedge Wedgeman, comes out on top? Is a slice of humility all the Big Cheese needs to discover that some things are better than being the best?\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
A Randomized Controlled Study of Parent-assisted Children’s Friendship Training with Children having Autism Spectrum Disorders
This study evaluated Children’s Friendship Training (CFT), a manualized parent-assisted intervention to improve social skills among second to fifth grade children with autism spectrum disorders. Comparison was made with a delayed treatment control group (DTC). Targeted skills included conversational skills, peer entry skills, developing friendship networks, good sportsmanship, good host behavior during play dates, and handling teasing. At post-testing, the CFT group was superior to the DTC group on parent measures of social skill and play date behavior, and child measures of popularity and loneliness, At 3-month follow-up, parent measures showed significant improvement from baseline. Post-hoc analysis indicated more than 87% of children receiving CFT showed reliable change on at least one measure at post-test and 66.7% after 3 months follow-up.
Journal Article
Sportspersonship orientation in the training process of young football players in different training contexts
Football plays a fundamental role in the lives of the boys and girls who play it and it can become an invaluable educational instrument. However, for introduction to football to be truly educational, it needs to be carefully planned and guided; otherwise, it may encourage negative and undesirable behaviour from a moral and ethical point of view. That way, many authors claim that a careful and deliberate initiation to football is necessary for the promotion of sportspersonship to become a reality.
The goal of this research is to analyse the evolution of sportspersonship orientation in the social sports football schools of Fundación Real Madrid and in association football clubs. For this purpose, the Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientations Scale is used. The research involves 1509 male and female youth football players aged between 8 and 16 years (M = 10.9±2.2), of whom 952 belong to the social sports football schools of the Fundación Real Madrid and 547 to association football clubs.
The most outstanding results show that the players of the social sports schools of Fundación Real Madrid obtain high values in sportspersonship orientation. Moreover, these values remain high in all categories, while they show a significant decrease in players from association football clubs.
The social sports model of Fundación Real Madrid can contribute to maintaining high levels of sportspersonship orientation throughout the player's training process.
Journal Article
The moderating role of sportsmanship and violent attitudes on social and personal responsibility in adolescents. A clustering-classification approach
The aim of this study was to classify a randomized sample of adolescents according to their violent and sportsmanship attitudes to determine the influence of personal and social responsibility levels on each cluster. The sample comprised of 595 adolescents, aged between 12 and 15 years old (M ± SD = 13.9 ± 2.3 yr). Participants completed the Multidimensional Orientations Towards Sports Scale, the California School Climate and Safety Survey and the Personal and Social Responsibility Questionnaire. Cluster analysis was conducted to classify adolescent' profiles according to the violence and sportsmanship scores. Discriminant analysis, Pearson correlation and ANOVA tests were performed to identify the relationships between personal and social responsibility levels on each cluster. Cluster analysis identified three well-defined profiles: cluster 1 (sportsmanlike and nonviolent), cluster 2 (sportsmanlike and violent) and cluster 3 (unsportsmanlike and nonviolent). Results confirmed a negative impact of aggressiveness on obedience and pro-social behaviours during school stages, but sportsmanship mitigated this negative influence. The sportsmanlike and nonviolent profile obtained the highest personal and social responsibility level. The lowest personal responsibility scores came from sportsmanlike and violent adolescents. This study emphasizes the potential of positive attitude towards sport and physical education to magnify (or mitigate) adolescents' responsibility according to specific profiles. To reduce violent behaviour and improve sportsmanship attitudes would contribute to a better development of personal and social responsibility in adolescents. The current findings may serve to orientate professionals dealing with adolescents in the role of sportsmanship development as an educational tool to mitigate violent behaviour.
Journal Article
Anthropometric and physiological indicator prospects of professional growth of weightlifters
The purpose of this study was to determine the ratio of the training load performed during the pre-competition period of training weightlifters, depending on the type of physique. Materials and methods: A total of 16 men and 10 women involved in weightlifting at the Olympic Reserve Sports School participated in this study. The following methods were used: the method of anthropometry (height-weight and girth dimensions), analysis of the results of photo-video recording (asymmetry of projectile lifting - front view); analysis of the diaries of the performed load (parameters of the volume and intensity of the training load, the number of exercises); mathematical data processing. Results: A comparison of the obtained data shows that during the pre-competitive mesocycle of training, athletes with a normal physique (\"mesomorphic\" type), in comparison with athletes with other body types, performed a load of higher intensity but smaller volume, with fewer approaches per workout to achieve the planned results. In athletes with a \"brachymorphic\" body type, this indicator was lower by more than 1% and amounted to 94.3% for men and 93.1% for women. The lowest average monthly intensity was found in athletes with a \"dolichomorphic\" body type - 86.5% in men and 87.1% in women. Unlike athletes with the described normal physique, athletes with a lean physique had an average monthly intensity of training load for exercises developing leg strength, which was lower in both men and women (by 10% and 8%, respectively), but on average higher in the number of exercises (4.8 ± 1.1 for men and 4.5 ± 0.9 for women). According to this indicator, athletes with a \"brachymorphic\" body type required a greater amount of training work (5.2 ± 0.8 for men and 5.3 ± 1.1 for women).
Journal Article
Assessment of children's potentials in dynamic of initial stage of sport training
The article aims the perfection of methodic approach to assessment of potentials of children, practicing gymnastic at initial stage in objective metric and subjective expressions. The researches covered female gymnasts of junior group. The researchers showed the sense of approach, which permits to improve reliability of children's potentials' assessment. The approach is based on improvement of block of psycho-physical conditions indicators and subjective assessment of changes of gymnasts' rank position in training process's dynamic. Block of objective indicators of female gymnasts' psycho-physical condition has also been improved; they introduced indicators of kinesthesia, which characterizes muscular sense of trainees. They have shown purposefulness of distinguishing of gymnasts' individual psycho-physical bents by materials of every control indicator in the whole block. They have calculated matrix 5x5, characterizing degree of these indicators correlation with female gymnasts' sportsmanship. It permitted to quantitatively express degree of informative potential of the used control indicators.
Journal Article
Sportsmanship Interventions for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders: a Systematic Literature Review
This systematic review summarizes and analyzes the literature on sportsmanship interventions for individuals with autism. Electronic database searches (i.e., PsycNet, ERIC) and ancestral searches were conducted to find relevant articles. Twenty-eight studies were included in this study that used experimental designs that targeted sportsmanship behaviors. The results were summarized across participants, targeted behaviors, settings, interventions, and methodological rigor of the included studies. Although most studies reported positive outcomes on the targeted social-communication behaviors, methodological limitations should be considered when interpreting the results. Limitations of this review and implications for future research are discussed.
Journal Article
Special aspects of psycho-physiological reactions of different skillfulness athletes, practicing martial arts
to study psycho-physiological reactions of different skillfulness martial arts athletes. in the research the following martial arts athletes participated: (n=51), karate, thae-quan do, hand-to-hand combat, MMA. The athletes were divided into two groups: 1st group (n=16, average age 15.53±0.2 years); skillfulness level - 1st category; 2nd group (n=35, average age 23.00±0.21 years) - experienced athletes. We used the tests, which were intended for assessment of simple motor abilities, chrono-reflex metering, tapping test, reactions of choice and recognition and reproduction of geometric figures. we proved better functional state of 2nd group athletes. They demonstrated greater quantity of touching in test for simple motor abilities and less quantity of mistakes. They quicker responded to simple and differentiated irritators; they were able to keep up the pre-set pace for longer time. Experienced athletes reproduced line quicker and with less deviation from pattern. The 1st group athletes had more correlations with age. we determined distinctions of psycho-physiological reactions of different skillfulness martial arts athletes. We also confirmed better functional state of experienced athletes. Greater quantity of touching, results of simple visual motor reaction mean better fitness and higher workability. Better results in tests for differentiated irritators show higher readiness for actions in extreme conditions. Experienced athletes demonstrated better ability to keep up the pre-set frequency of blows and kicks. They have better condition of motor analyzer and fine coordination of hand muscles. 1st group athletes have higher imbalance of adaptation. It permits to prognosticate the tension of adaptation. Analysis of dependences on age, value and hierarchy of contribution in system's formation permitted to mark out the most important indicators for prognostication of successfulness. They are: condition of mobilization readiness and adaptation level; ability to maximal quantity of movements; simple and complex reactions to irritators. Control over these qualities will permit to noticeably increase effectiveness of athletes' training.
Journal Article
A Mixed-Methods Approach to Identifying Ethical Issues Pertinent in Interscholastic Athletics
The purpose of this study was to investigate three research questions: (a) What are the ethical issues most pertinent to interscholastic sport today, as well as in the next 5 years? (b) How important are those ethical issues to interscholastic athletic administrators? (c) What are the potential implications of those pertinent ethical issues to practicing interscholastic athletic administrators? For the first inquiry, the Minnesota State High School League (MSHSL) provided 14 contemporary ethical issues that were most pertinent to interscholastic sport today, as well as in the next 5 years: behavioral issues, competing club sports, competitive balance, emphasis on winning, health concerns, nontraditional sports, outside sport organizations, participation for all, pay-to-play organizations, promises by camp organizers, scholarship myth, sportsmanship, too much structure, and win at all costs. For the second proposition, a national study was conducted with athletic directors from the National Interscholastic Athletic Administrators Association (n = 170) annual conference. Following a survey in which participants ranked issues according to importance, a one-tailed analysis of variance determined significant differences among the 14 ethical issues identified by the MSHSL. Four issues exhibited significant differences based on region: behavioral issues, promises by camp organizers, scholarship myth, and win at all costs. A Games-Howell post hoc determined significant differences across geographical regions of the United States for these four ethical issues. For the third research question, semistructured interviews provided insight on the implications for practicing athletic administrators. Athletic administrators generally emphasized the importance of the issues identified in this study.
Journal Article
U8 Football Training: Optimising Educational Potential
Football has a special place in the range of physical and sporting activities in the U8 age bracket which supplement formal education. The training style of teams in this scenario impacts the comprehensive development of their players. This study explores the training style to optimise the educational potential of institutionalised proposals in U8 football. An ethnographic case study design is presented using participant observation methodology along with qualitative image data in two football teams for seven-yearolds as an additional technique. The results highlight the inherence of a team identity based on team-building, cooperation and individuality; the use of a strategy to achieve victory; the need for discipline undertaken by family members; and the use of endemic jargon. The study concludes with five proposals aimed at optimising U8 football to enhance its educational potential for children through cooperation, fostering personalised training opportunities and adult exemplification.
Journal Article