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The Role of Dynamic Capabilities in Responding to Digital Disruption: A Factor-Based Study of the Newspaper Industry
Internet and digitization are fundamentally changing and disrupting newspaper companies' traditional operating models. Disruptive innovation theory offers explanations for why companies succeed or fail to respond to disruptive innovations. This study builds on disruptive innovation theory by ascertaining the role of dynamic capabilities in the performance of response to digital disruption. Empirical results suggest that first-order dynamic capabilities that are created by changing, extending, or adapting a firm's existing resources, processes, and values are positively associated with building digital platform capabilities, and that these capabilities impact the performance of response to digital disruption. For information systems (IS) researchers, this study clarifies the role of first-order dynamic capabilities in responding to digital disruption. For IS practice, it helps managers to focus on the most promising factors for creating first-order dynamic capabilities, for building digital platform capabilities, and for reinventing their core functions to accelerate digitization.
Journal Article
Photography as fiction
From as early as 1839, artists began exploring photography's enormous potential for storytelling and often went to great lengths to create pictures for the camera. Here, a short introductory essay summarizes the history of staged photography, highlighting key debates on the medium's blunt factuality and its capacity for deception.
Book
Induction of liver hypertrophy for extended liver surgery and partial liver transplantation: State of the art of parenchyma augmentation–assisted liver surgery
BackgroundLiver surgery and transplantation currently represent the only curative treatment options for primary and secondary hepatic malignancies. Despite the ability of the liver to regenerate after tissue loss, 25–30% future liver remnant is considered the minimum requirement to prevent serious risk for post-hepatectomy liver failure.PurposeThe aim of this review is to depict the various interventions for liver parenchyma augmentation–assisting surgery enabling extended liver resections. The article summarizes one- and two-stage procedures with a focus on hypertrophy- and corresponding resection rates.ConclusionsTo induce liver parenchymal augmentation prior to hepatectomy, most techniques rely on portal vein occlusion, but more recently inclusion of parenchymal splitting, hepatic vein occlusion, and partial liver transplantation has extended the technical armamentarium. Safely accomplishing major and ultimately total hepatectomy by these techniques requires integration into a meaningful oncological concept. The advent of highly effective chemotherapeutic regimen in the neo-adjuvant, interstage, and adjuvant setting has underlined an aggressive surgical approach in the given setting to convert formerly “palliative” disease into a curative and sometimes in a “chronic” disease.
Journal Article
James Casebere : fugitive
This fascinating book on the highly acclaimed visual artist James Casebere presents work drawn from all periods of his explorations of the relation of images, identification, and ideology. Since the mid-1970s, James Casebere has produced a diverse body of work involving photography, sculpture, installation, and film. Casebere gained renown as a pioneer of a type of constructed photographic tableaux, which derive exclusively from meticulously planned architectural models that he conceives, fabricates, and photographs in his studio. He has created his own distinctive visual language through a unique cinematic and architectural approach. \"I am trying to create something that embodies or dramatizes the kind of psychic space that exaggerates certain ideas and experiences,\" Casebere says, describing his pictorial method, a strategy in which the models exemplify what might be characterized as the architectural unconscious of a given spatial system. Featuring more than 70 works produced in a variety of formats and techniques, the book covers all periods of the artist's four- decade long career from black-and-white silver gelatin prints to large single and multi-part color photographs. In addition it includes newly commissioned works which appear in print for the first time. Working models and sketchbooks, source materials, and numerous Polaroid studies offer valuable insight into Casebere's artistic process.
Book
Perioperative outcome and complications following single-staged Posterior Spinal Fusion (PSF) using pedicle screw instrumentation in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS): a review of 1057 cases from a single centre
Background
There has been a growing interest in using all pedicle screw construct in posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) surgery in recent years. However, studies focusing on perioperative outcome and complications utilizing only pedicle screw system in AIS population are lacking. This study aims to evaluate perioperative outcomes and to determine the prevalence of major and minor complications following single-staged PSF for AIS.
Methods
In this retrospective study of prospectively collected data, 1057 AIS patients operated between 2012 and 2019 were included. Main outcome measures were operative time, intraoperative blood loss, allogeneic blood transfusion rate, length of hospital stay after surgery, complication rate, and mean drop of haemoglobin (Hb) level. We documented the number of fusion levels, screw density, and postoperative radiographic parameters.
Results
There were 917 females and 140 males. Majority were Lenke 1 curve type (46.9%). Mean age was 15.6 ± 3.7 years, with mean BMI of 18.6 ± 3.2 kg/m
2
. Mean operative time was 146.8 ± 49.4 min. Average intraoperative blood loss was 952.9 ± 530.4 ml with allogeneic blood transfusion rate of 5%. Mean screw density was 1.27 ± 0.21 screws per fusion level. Average hospital stay after surgery was 3.5 ± 0.9 days. Twenty-four complications were documented: twelve superficial infections (1.14%), five transient neurological deficits (0.47%), two deep infections (0.19%), two superior mesenteric artery syndrome, and one case each (0.09%) for massive intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative seizure, and lung atelectasis.
Conclusion
AIS patients treated with single-staged PSF using pedicle screw construct had a 0.95% rate of major complications and 1.32% rate of minor complications. Rate of neurologic complication was 0.47% while non-neurologic postoperative complications was 1.80% with infection being the leading complication at 1.32%.
Journal Article
Christian Tagliavini
Since the beginning of his career, Swiss-Italian photographer Christian Tagliavini has been fascinated by mise-en-scene photography and Renaissance portraiture. Referencing the painting style of the Old Masters, his carefully-staged photo portraits exude the dignity and composure of 15th and 16th-century courtly culture, meticulously replicating their dimensions, framing, and chiaroscuro effects. After his breakthrough with the series 1503, Tagliavini returns to the art historical theme with his new series, 1406, published for the first time in this book. In his process, however, Tagliavini takes a step further back from the Renaissance artist ideal, presenting himself instead as a \"photographic craftsman\" who designs each of his costumes and props by hand with a small team. Particularly elaborate was the work on his most extensive series to-date, Voyages Extraordinaires, for which Tagliavini constructed entire scenes inspired by Jules Vernes' novels. All of Tagliavini's series are meticulously composed mise-en-scenes with a stunning, fantastical effect partly reminiscent of his early photographic idols Jeff Wall, Erwin Olaf, and Gregory Crewdson. This Tagliavini monograph includes all of his photographic series to-date as well as the images documenting the evolution of his projects he spent months working on. The result is both a comprehensive Tagliavini catalogue and a fascinating insight into the working process of one of the most original and talented photographers working today.
Book
Greater hypertrophy can be achieved with associating liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy compared to conventional staged hepatectomy, but with a higher price to pay?
Associating liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) and conventional staged hepatectomy (CSH) are options for patients with unresectable liver tumors due to insufficient future liver remnant (FLR).
A retrospective comparison of clinical data, liver volumetry and surgical outcomes between 10 ALPPS and 29 CSH patients was performed.
Patient demographics and disease characteristics were similar between both groups. ALPPS induced superior FLR growth (ALPPS vs. CSH, 48.1% (IQR 39.4–96.9%) vs. 11.8% (IQR 4.3–41.9%), p = 0.013). However, post-operative day 5 international normalized ratio (INR) (ALPPS vs. CSH, 1.6 (IQR 1.5–1.8) vs. 1.4 (IQR 1.3–1.6), p = 0.015) and rate of post-hepatectomy liver failure (ALPPS vs. CSH, 25 vs. 0%, p = 0.032) was higher in the ALPPS group. 90-day mortality (ALPPS vs. CSH, 12.5% vs. 0%, p = 0.320) was similar in both groups.
ALPPS was superior in inducing FLR growth but associated with increased post-hepatectomy liver failure compared to CSH.
Journal Article
Balanced multi-perspective checking of process conformance
Organizations maintain process models that describe or prescribe how cases (e.g., orders) are handled. However, reality may not agree with what is modeled. Conformance checking techniques reveal and diagnose differences between the behavior that is modeled and what is observed. Existing conformance checking approaches tend to focus on the control-flow in a process, while abstracting from data dependencies, resource assignments, and time constraints. Even in those situations when other perspectives are considered, the control-flow is aligned first, i.e., priority is given to this perspective. Data dependencies, resource assignments, and time constraints are only considered as “second-class citizens”, which may lead to misleading conformance diagnostics. For example, a data attribute may provide strong evidence that the wrong activity was executed. Existing techniques will still diagnose the data-flow as deviating, whereas our approach will indeed point out that the control-flow is deviating. In this paper, a novel algorithm is proposed that balances the deviations with respect to
all
these perspectives based on a customizable cost function. Evaluations using both synthetic and real data sets show that a multi-perspective approach is indeed feasible and may help to circumvent misleading results as generated by classical single-perspective or staged approaches.
Journal Article