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Standards
This is an engaging introduction to standards, the invisible infrastructure that shapes the built and digital environments of the modern world. Standards are the DNA of the built environment, encoded in nearly all objects that surround us in the modern world. In 'Standards', Jeffrey Pomerantz and Jason Griffey provide an essential introduction to this invisible but critical form of infrastructure - the rules and specifications that govern so many elements of the physical and digital environments, from the colour of school buses to the shape of shipping containers. In an approachable, often outright funny fashion, Pomerantz and Griffey explore the nature, function, and effect of standards in everyday life.
BOOK
The power of standards : hybrid authority and the globalisation of services
\"Standards often remain unseen, yet they play a fundamental part in the organisation of contemporary capitalism and society at large. What form of power do they epitomise? Why have they become so prominent? Are they set to be as important for the globalisation of services as for manufactured goods? Graz draws on international political economy and cognate fields to present strong theoretical arguments, compelling research and surprising evidence on the role of standards in the global expansion of services, with in-depth studies of their institutional environment and cases including the insurance industry and business process outsourcing in India. The power of standards resembles a form of transnational hybrid authority, in which ambiguity should be seen as a generic attribute, defining not only the status of public and private actors involved in standardisation and regulation, but also the scope of issues concerned and the space in which such authority is recognised when complying to standards. This book is also available as Open Access\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Standardization of Trading Board Lot: Effect on Price and Liquidity
In this study we examined the announcement and implementation effect of the standardization of trading board lot event at the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange, which saw a reduction of the minimum trading unit from 1000 or 200 units to 100 units. The event was implemented in three stages, which affected all listed firms. Our findings showed that there were positive cumulative abnormal returns surrounding implementation days, indicating positive market reception of the new policy. The Securities Commission of Malaysia stated that the trading activities had increased significantly after implementation of the standard trading board lot. Regardless, this claim has never been verified from an academic perspective, which spurred us to compare its effects on liquidity in the pre- and post-standardization period. Our univariate tests showed that as a whole, the lot size reduction improved bid-ask spread and trading activities of stocks in Malaysia.
Journal Article
COMMUNITY RECOMMENDATIONS ON BELONGING, ACCESSIBILITY, JUSTICE, EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION INITIATIVES IN OCEAN SCIENCES A TOWN HALL DISCUSSION: A TOWN HALL DISCUSSION
During the 2024 Ocean Sciences Meeting (OSM24), The Oceanography Society's Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Committee hosted a town hall on \"Scientific Societies' Roles in Building Inclusive Communities.\" The town hall aimed to assess ongoing efforts to improve belonging, accessibility, justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion (BAJEDI) within ocean sciences, promote community building and discussions surrounding BAJEDI topics, and highlight the role of scientific societies in equity efforts. Here, we summarize the resultant communal discussions, which focused on effective models for increasing participation in ocean sciences, how to make ocean science careers more accessible, and strategies to build a more equitable community culture. Discussions highlighted several professional societies working to increase BAJEDI within the field and offered tangible action items to increase accessibility and equity at all career stages. An optional survey was distributed to OSM24 attendees to assess their lived experiences. Survey results highlighted that although knowledge of BAJEDI issues and training opportunities have increased, bullying and discrimination are still common. We recommend action items, including increased standardization and public accessibility of demographic data, to continue improving BAJEDI within ocean sciences.
Journal Article
Standards of English in higher education : issues, challenges and strategies
\"The student demographic of universities today has changed quite dramatically from even a decade ago. As universities seek to internationalise, widen participation and derive attendant reputational and financial benefits, along with greater opportunities for research collaborations and industry links, they also face a growing challenge associated with what Neil Murray terms 'the English language question'. In particular, as the proportion of students of non-English speaking backgrounds entering universities increases, there is growing concern over levels of language proficiency and what this can mean for educational standards, the student experience and, ultimately, institutional standing. Standards of English in Higher Education unpacks a number of key and interrelated issues - for example, the assessment of proficiency and the structure and nature of provision - that bear on the question of English language standards and in doing so offers a frank critical appraisal of English language in higher education today\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
International standardisation of quantum optical interconnect
In this paper we introduce the latest developments in the standardisation of quantum optical interconnect, in particular the formation of a new IEC standards committee on quantum optical interconnect and the first efforts to standardise a new category of “quantum grade” optical interconnect.
Journal Article