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In order to verify the feasibility of roadway water storage under the condition of steep coal seam in the Xinjiang mining area, the stability test of roadway water storage was carried out based on a similar physical simulation test method, and the characteristics of stress concentration, deformation, and water storage were analyzed. The study reveals the multifield coupling evolution process of water storage roadway under the action of mining disturbance of steep coal seam. The research results show that the failure of the water storage roadway is mainly concentrated at the intersection of the end angle of the roadway and the joint interface. Affected by the special coal seam structure, the mining in the upper and lower sections affects the left and right water storage roadways, respectively. The water storage time of the right and left roadways is 2.4 and 9.5 years, respectively, and the roadway excavation should avoid contact with the nodal surface of the coal‐rock interface to reduce the seepage channel formed at the weak position and better ensure the growth and stability of the water storage time. The research can provide theoretical support for the construction of a coal mine underground reservoir and support the popularization and application of this technology.

Nickel-rich layered oxides have stood out among cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries because of their inexpensive costs and large specific capacity. However, large-scale commercial uses of nickel-rich cathodes are constrained by structural degradation and air-storage instability. Herein, we synthetize a Mg and Nb co-modified LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 cathode (MgNb-NCM) through acid co-precipitation combined with solid-state reaction. Combining the characterizations of X-ray diffraction (XRD), in situ XRD, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), the results demonstrate that Mg 2+ and Nb 5+ doped into the crystal structures of NCM can reduce the Li + /Ni 2+ mixing and alleviate irreversible H2-H3 phase. Meanwhile, through the interactions of Nb ion and residual lithium compounds, a nanoscale Li-Nb-O interfacial protective coating is created on the pristine NCM surface, which helps to suppress side reactions and strengthen the air storage stability of the NCM. After 100 cycles, the MgNb-NCM displays increased cycling stability with 92.9% capacity retention at 1C, much higher than NCM (79.9%). More importantly, the air-storage stability of NCM is highly improved by such co-modification. After 21 days of exposure to air, NCM presents structural degradation, and the capacity drops to 50.0 mAh g −1 , while MgNb-NCM appears excellent structural stability, and the capacity retains 151.9 mAh g −1 with a higher capacity retention of 78.8% over 300 cycles at 1C. Graphical abstract

In the context of the global pandemic of COVID-19, the use and disposal of medical masks have created a series of ethical and environmental issues. The purpose of this paper is to study and evaluate the high temperature properties and thermal storage stability of discarded-mask (DM)-modified asphalt from a multi-scale perspective using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and experimental methods. A series of tests was conducted to evaluate the physical, rheological, thermal storage stability and microscopic properties of the samples. These tests include softening point, rotational viscosity, dynamic shear rheology (DSR), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation. The results showed that the DM modifier could improve the softening point, rotational viscosity and rutting factor of the asphalt. After thermal storage, the DM-modified asphalt produced segregation. The difference in the softening point between the top and bottom of the sample increased from 2.2 °C to 17.1 °C when the DM modifier admixture was increased from 1% to 4%. FT-IR test results showed that the main component of the DM modifier was polypropylene, and the DM-modified asphalt was mainly a physical co-blending process. MD simulation results show that the DM modifier can increase the cohesive energy density (CED) and reduce the fractional free volume (FFV) of asphalt and reduce the binding energy between base asphalt and DM modifier. Multi-scale characterization reveals that DM modifiers can improve the high temperature performance and reduce the thermal storage stability of asphalt. It is noteworthy that both macroscopic tests and microscopic simulations show that 1% is an acceptable dosage level.

Due to periodic variations in temperature and heavy traffic loading, hot-mix asphalt (HMA) pavements undergo considerable distress during their service life. The rheological properties of asphalt binder, when subjected to complex physical and chemical processes, make it stiff and sometimes brittle, which ultimately plays a huge part in pavement deterioration. This phenomenon is commonly known as asphalt aging. Incorporating polymer modifiers with virgin asphalt can work as an effective means to change the binder properties and alleviate the issues related to asphalt aging. Different types of polymers, including elastomers, plastomers, and reactive polymers, can mixed in different combinations with the virgin asphalt to create polymer-modified binders (PMBs). In general, polymers are typically added to the virgin asphalt binder in PMB manufacturing at weight percentages ranging from 3% to 7%. Previous research suggests that many polymer-modified binders (PMBs) show great resiliency and perform extremely well during field and laboratory testing, although the complex nature of asphalt itself makes it significantly difficult to understand the relationship and compatibility of the asphalt–polymer system. This paper aims to develop a comprehensive literature review on the chemical aspects, microscopic structure, and compatibility of polymers with virgin asphalt. It was found that swelling, storage stability, blend morphology, and the polymer mixing technique play a great role in the compatibility of asphalt–polymer systems. Thermoplastic elastomers (e.g., styrene–butadiene–styrene) and plastomers (e.g., ethylene–vinyl acetate) are the most used polymer modifiers for asphalt binders. The compatibility of the polymer–asphalt system can be improved by sulfur vulcanization, antioxidants, hydrophobic clay minerals, functionalization, and reactive polymers, among other techniques.

Despite the widespread application of lactic acid bacterium in dairy production through its contribution to acidification, development of sensorial properties, and health-promoting effects, relatively little information is available on the cell envelope proteinases (CEPs) of Lactobacillus plantarum, especially on the proteolytic system and the production of bioactivity peptides. In this study, CEPs from a novel L. plantarum LP69 were involved in goat milk hydrolysis and generated a product with high activity that showed a degree of hydrolysis of 15.68 ± 0.74%, Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory rate of 83.25 ± 1.05%, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging rate of 64.91 ± 1.27%, and hydroxyl radical scavenging rate of 89.17 ± 1.13%. The optimized hydrolysis conditions were time of 4.5 h, temperature of 41 °C, initial pH of 8.5, and enzyme to substrate ratio (E/S) of 12% (w/w) by orthogonal experiments. Application of a stabilizer greatly promoted milk stability. A well-designed stabilizer consists of 0.05% carrageenan, 0.15% gellan gum, and 0.15% sucrose esters, which significantly raised the milk stability coefficient, R, from 70.67% to 98.57%. The storage stability of milk was evaluated during 84 days at room temperature or 4 °C. Our study depicts the contribution of CEPs from L. plantarum LP69 in goat milk, exploring a new way for the development of a functional milk product.

To achieve the controllable release of energy of nitrocellulose-based propellants, this paper combines the cellulose-based nanocomposites aqueous coating (Surelease®-NC) with fluidized bed coating equipment to successfully prepare the coated spherical propellant for the first time. The effects of fluidized bed coating temperature, air velocity, flow speed and atomization pressure on the adhesion rate, coating integrity and coating uniformity of the coated spherical propellant were investigated, and the preparation of coated spherical propellant with homogeneous size and structural integrity was achieved for the first time. The microscopic morphology, chemical structure, water vapor adsorption behavior, combustion performance, and ageing resistance property of the coated spherical propellant were systematically investigated by, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Micro confocal raman spectrometer, field scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic vapor adsorption techniques, and closed bomb test, confirming the surface core-shell structure and the tightly bonded interfacial structure of coated spherical propellant. Meanwhile, the coated spherical propellant has good hygroscopic, excellent progressive burning and long storage stability.

The performance of CR-modified bitumen is mainly influenced by compromising on storage stability, elasticity, and high-temperature rutting. The primary target of this research is to address these concerns by incorporating nano-silica (NS) at five different dosages, i.e., 1–5% by weight of bitumen into the controlled bitumen (CR-10%) using a wet mixing technique. The characterization of the nano-CR formulations was evaluated using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The physical interaction between the NS and controlled bitumen enhanced the storage stability, elasticity, and high-temperature performance. The nano modification with controlled bitumen improved the engineering properties, thermal susceptibility, high-performance grading (PG), and rheological characteristics. The comprehensive asphalt test results concluded that high NS dosage provides appropriate moisture damage, rutting, and fatigue performance. The statistical analysis validated that the optimum dosage of NS-5% provides improved elasticity, storage stability, and rutting resistance by 10%, 48%, and 11%, respectively. These findings confirm that NS has significant potential for improving CR-asphalt performance, which is a promising future additive for practical applications in pavement engineering.

This study analyzes the food storage stability of biodegradable containers made of pork skin gelatin polymer. Packaging materials were prepared with different proportions of walnut shell powder, including 10% (W10), 20% (W20), and polyethylene packaging (PE) as a control. To analyze storage stability, parameters such as pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), microbial population, and color were measured. The pH, yeast and mold, redness, and yellowness of W10 and W20 had no significant difference compared to those of PE in all storage periods (p > 0.05). The TBARS of W20 was shown to slowly increase compared to W10. The VBN concentration of W10 and W20 were significantly higher than that of PE in the first and second weeks, but there was no significant difference in the third week (p < 0.05). The total bacterial counts of W10 and W20 were significantly higher than that of PE during the first week (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference thereafter (p > 0.05). The lightness values of W10 and W20 were significantly lower than that of PE in the second and third weeks (p < 0.05). These results indicated that biodegradable containers containing up to 20% walnut shell powder can substitute plastic packaging materials.

Purpose The present research aims to manage the formulations of pigment-based inks containing aminopropyl/vinyl/silsesquioxane (APSV) as a pigment binding agent for inkjet printing of polyester as a commercial trial for the printing of polyester as a single-step process. Design/methodology/approach The proposed formulations incorporated APSV by using the mini-emulsion technique at a low relieving temperature under the thermal initiation or UV radiation of vinyl-terminated groups in APSV. In this study, the storage stability of inks with regard to physical properties was broadly examined. Moreover, the color performance, including colorimetric data, color fixation and fastness properties of printed fabrics was evaluated. Findings The results indicated that the inks containing APSV were formulated and were stable in terms of particle size, dispersion stability, surface tension and viscosity over a period of one month and for four freeze/thaw cycles. APSV successfully fixed the pigment-based inkjet inks on polyester fabric and could achieve a significantly higher color performance and degree of fixation than the formulated inks without APSV. Research limitations/implications It could also fulfill all the physical properties of ink prerequisites over storing and eliminating all challenges in improving the performance and utilization of inkjet printing. Practical implications APSV can also be used as a pigment binding agent to formulate inks for inkjet printing of polyester fabrics as the authors’ past examination for inkjet printing of polyester fabrics post-treated with APSV. Social implications This study eliminates the noteworthy challenges in formulating the pigment-based inks for textile applications by incorporation of a binder while keeping up the necessary viscosity profile for a specific print head. Originality/value This study addressed all the issues arising from the complex nature and very challenging requirements of inkjet inks.

Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and other evaluation methods were used to investigate the effect of WS-1, an organic viscosity-reducing temperature mixing agent, on the rheological and conventional properties of warm-mix rubber asphalt (WMRA). The results demonstrated that the WS-1 warm-mix agent exhibited an excellent viscosity-reducing effect and that, with the increasing of WS-1 content, the high-temperature viscosity of the WMRA decreased significantly. The viscosity and softening point of the WMRA increased at 60 °C simultaneously, with the softening point increasing by about 15 °C. The penetration and ductility decreased by about 1 mm and 6 cm, respectively, and the activation energy (Eη) and temperature sensitivity increased. These results indicated that WS-1 could improve the high-temperature performance of WMRA but had an adverse effect on its low-temperature performance. Upon using temperature scanning for the WMRA, the addition of WS-1 significantly increased the rutting factor (G*/sin δ) of the WMRA and greatly improved its rutting resistance within the temperature range examined. The addition of WS-1 changed the viscosity of WMRA, thus affecting the hot-storage stability of WMRA at high temperatures.