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The Great Migration was the most significant event in black life since emancipation and Reconstruction. Passionately Human, No Less Divine analyzes the various ways black southerners transformed African American religion in Chicago during their Great Migration northward. A work of religious, urban, and social history, it is the first book-length analysis of the new religious practices and traditions in Chicago that were stimulated by migration and urbanization. The book illustrates how the migration launched a new sacred order among blacks in the city that reflected aspects of both Southern black religion and modern city life. This new sacred order was also largely female as African American women constituted more than 70 percent of the membership in most black Protestant churches. Ultimately, Wallace Best demonstrates how black southerners imparted a folk religious sensibility to Chicago's black churches. In doing so, they ironically recast conceptions of modern, urban African American religion in terms that signified the rural past. In the same way that working class cultural idioms such as jazz and the blues emerged in the secular arena as a means to represent black modernity, he says, African American religion in Chicago, with its negotiation between the past, the present, rural and urban, revealed African American religion in modern form.

The fate of her mission lies in conflicted hands: an ambitious local politician (Aris Alvarado) with divided loyalties between his community and financial interests that can advance his career; a physically and psychologically damaged loan officer (Ed Dyer); and the church preacher (Steven Stanton) paralyzed by a crisis of faith.

This chapter examines the storefront churches and “cults” of Illinois in the early decades of the twentieth century. Before the Negroes' mass exodus to Illinois and Chicago, migrants settling in the state had selected one or another among the orthodox faiths and had been absorbed quietly. However, the dramatic influx about the middle of the second decade of the twentieth century gave rise to a number of “storefront” churches. Several new standard churches were born during the Great Migration, including Monumental Baptist Church, Liberty Baptist Church, and Progressive Baptist Church. In addition, during the period from the start of World War I, churches of a number of other established faiths were added to the orthodox list. Furthermore, the independent churches multiplied in the latter years of the nearly three decades since 1914. This chapter considers the appeal of storefronts to common people and their undeclared religious war with standard churches, along with the emergence of the spiritualist churches as well as other churches that were regarded as cults in Illinois.

The assemblage of objects that constitute the publicly visible religious landscape of the United States-houses of worship and a variety of church-related enterprises-deviates so markedly from its counterparts in other lands that we can regard its uniqueness as a significant argument for American exceptionalism. The diagnostic features in question include the extraordinary number and variety of churches and denominations, their special physical attributes, the near-random microgeography of churches in urban areas, and, most especially, their nomenclature and the widely distributed signage promoting godliness and religiosity. Such landscape phenomena suggest connections with much-deeper issues concerning the origin and evolution of American society and culture.

Robert is NCARB Certified and a Certified Church Consultant through the National Association of Church Design Builders (NACDB). Since 2003, GJS has had the opportunity to be of service to approximately 250 churches. Upon completion of the new facilities, the new church has the following general programmatic requirements: * Sanctuary with pew seating for 315 people * Celebration Hall with fellowship seating for 225 people * A narthex of 1,000 square feet, with a Welcome Center * Educational areas for children, youth, and adults * Administrative Center Based upon the size and occupant load of the new facilities, the historic sanctuary and new facilities are fully sprinklered. Product Information Building Envelope: Senergy Roofing: GAF, Versico Windows: Pella Storefronts: United States Aluminum Flooring: Armstrong Lighting: Cooper St. Paul Lutheran Church RELIGIOUS RL231124 Architect & Cost Estimator GJS Architecture, LLC 3251 Landmark Drive, #241, North Charleston, SC 29418 www.gjs-architecture.org Project Team Structural Engineer Live Oak Consultants, LLC 1061 Everglades Drive, North Charleston, SC 29405 Mechanical & Electrical Engineer & Fire Protection Bufford Goff & Associates, Inc. 1331 Elmwood Drive, #200, Columbia, SC 29201 Civil Engineer 4D Engineering 305 N. Lake Drive, Lexington, SC 29072 General Contractor Cannon Associates, Inc. 739 Kendall Road, Newberry, SC 29108 Project General Description Location: Pomaria, South Carolina Date Bid: Mar 2014 Construction Period: May 2014 to Jan 2016 Total Square Feet: 12,072 Site: 1.9 acres.

Cypress, Texas Architect Turner Duran Architects, LP Situated against the busy Northwest Freeway outside of Houston, the growing congregation at Good Shepherd UMC took another step in the completion of their long range master plan with the addition of this striking new Worship Center. [...]an auditorium-style worship space was wrapped on two sides by the ancillary spaces. Product Information Building Envelope: Henry, USG Roofing: Berridge, GAF Windows, Curtain Wall, Entrances & Storefronts: Oldcastle Building Envelope® Interior: USG, Sherwin Williams, Conwed Wall Technologies Flooring: Centiva, Tandus, Daltile, Johnsonite, Mannington Lighting: Rebelle, Elliptipar, iLight, Kenall, H.E. Williams Elevator: Schindler Good Shepherd United Methodist Church RELIGIOUS RL230923 Architect Turner Duran Architects, LP 333 Cypress Run, #350, Houston, TX 77094 Project Team_ Structural Engineer Pinnacle Structural Engineers 3120 Southwest Freeway, #410, Houston, TX 77098 Mechanical & Electrical Engineer Graves Mechanical 5910 Schumacher Lane, Houston, TX 77057 General Contractor Brookstone Corporation 3715 Dacoma Street, Houston, TX 77092 Plumbing Contractor Regency Plumbing 10408 Mula Road, Stafford, TX 77477 Project General Description Location: Cypress, Texas Date Bid: Jul 2014 Construction Period: Aug 2014 to Nov 2015 Total Square Feet: 41,003 Site: 12 acres.

Houston, Texas Architect Turner Duran Architects, LP Nestled in the Memorial neighborhood of Houston, Texas, St. John Vianney Catholic Church serves a diverse parish united by a mission of Living Faith, Changing Lives, and Making a Difference. Serving as the architectural landmark of the entire campus, the 130-foot-tall bell tower can be seen from nearby major thoroughfares and from the high-rise office structures in west Houston's \"Energy Corridor.\" Product Information Building Envelope: Architectural Cast Stone by Siteworks, AMP Brick & Stone, Dryvit, GenStone Roofing: Metro, Berridge, Firestone Windows, Entrances, Storefronts & Curtain Wall, Daylighting/ Skylights: OldCastle BuildingEnvelope® Flooring: Daltile, Shaw Interior: Architectural Cast Stone by Siteworks, Dryvit, hisperwalls Lighting: Phillips, Acolyte, Ligman, Lutron Architect Turner Duran Architects, LP 333 Cypress Run, #350, Houston, TX 77094 www.turnerduran.com Project Team Structural Engineer CJG Engineers 3200 Wilcrest Drive, #305, Houston, TX 77042 Mechanical & Electrical Engineer The Tower Company 5444 Westheimer Road, #1680, Houston, TX 77056 General Contractor Forney Construction 8945 Long Point Road, #200, Houston, TX 77055 Project General Description Location: Houston, Texas Date Bid: Sep 2015 GMP Construction Period: Jan 2016 to Jul 2017 Total Square Feet: 44,660 Site: 22.6 acres.

The Illinois Central passenger train screeched to a stop at the Twelfth Street depot on Chicago’s South Side, its smokestack coughing up frothy puffs of soot as if the fatigue of traveling 1,126 railroad miles north from New Orleans had caused it combustible indigestion.¹ From among the train’s human cargo, black men, women, and children trudged slowly through the passenger car doors and made their first footfalls on the platform. The Promised Land. Once inside the Illinois Central station’s bustling lobby, the new arrivals searched the sea of faces, looking for family members, friends, and neighbors who had already settled

The death of Julius Nelthropp Avendorph in 1923 marked the end of an era in black Chicago. Having come from Mobile, Alabama, in 1884, Avendorph by the time of his passing was “one of the best known men” within the city’s African American social circles. No social gathering of any note was complete without the presence of this meticulous man of style and manners. Debuts and “coming out” parties were deemed failures if Avendorph could not be secured as master of ceremonies. In his role as the “social arbiter of Chicago colored society,” Avendorph edited the society page of the

By the mid-1980s, already 40 percent of all Haitian immigrants in Miami were Protestant, sparking an impressive proliferation of storefront churches in Little Haiti. It is likely that today the majority of people in the Haitian diaspora in general are Protestant. Because the religion incorporates far less ritual paraphernalia than either Catholicism or Vodou, and because it venerates far fewer spiritual beings than the other sides of the Haitian religious triangle of forces, the Haitian religious collusio might seem less pronounced among Protestants than Catholics or Vodouists. Upon more careful investigation, however, Haitian Protestantism is every bit as concerned with