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Street Vending in the Neoliberal City
Examining street vending as a global, urban, and informalized practice found both in the Global North and Global South, this volume presents contributions from international scholars working in cities as diverse as Berlin, Dhaka, New York City, Los Angeles, Calcutta, Rio de Janeiro, and Mexico City. The aim of this global approach is to repudiate the assumption that street vending is usually carried out in the Southern hemisphere and to reveal how it also represents an essential—and constantly growing—economic practice in urban centers of the Global North. Although street vending activities vary due to local specificities, this anthology illustrates how these urban practices can also reveal global ties and developments.
eBook
Life on the Malecón
Life on the Malecónis a narrative ethnography of the lives of street children and youth living in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, and the non-governmental organizations that provide social services for them. Writing from the perspective of an anthropologist working as a street educator with a child welfare organization, Jon M. Wolseth follows the intersecting lives of children, the institutions they come into contact with, and the relationships they have with each other, their families, and organization workers.
Often socioeconomic conditions push these children to move from their homes to the streets, but sometimes they themselves may choose the allure of the perceived freedoms and opportunities that street life has to offer. What they find, instead, is violence, disease, and exploitation-the daily reality through which they learn to maneuver and survive. Wolseth describes the stresses, rewards, and failures of the organizations and educators who devote their resources to working with this population.
The portrait of Santo Domingo's street children and youth population that emerges is of a diverse community with variations that may be partly related to skin color, gender, and class. The conditions for these youth are changing as the economy of the Dominican Republic changes. Although the children at the core of this book live and sleep on avenues and plazas and in abandoned city buildings, they are not necessarily glue- and solvent-sniffing beggars or petty thieves on the margins of society. Instead, they hold a key position in the service sector of an economy centered on tourism.
Life on the Malecónoffers a window into the complex relationships children and youth construct in the course of mapping out their social environment. Using a child-centered approach, Wolseth focuses on the social lives of the children by relating the stories that they themselves tell as well as the activities he observes.
eBook
Bystander : a history of street photography
In this book, the authors explore and discuss the development of one of the most interesting and dynamic of photographic genres. Hailed as a landmark work when it was first published in 1994, Bystander is widely regarded by street photographers as the 'bible' of street photography. It covers an incredible array of talent, from the unknowns of the late 19th century to the acknowledged masters of the 20th, such as Atget, Stieglitz, Strand, Cartier-Bresson, Brassai, Kertesz, Frank, Arbus, Winogrand and Levitt to name just a few. In this new and fully revised edition, the story of street photography is brought up to date with a re-evaluation of some historical material, the inclusion of more contemporary photographers and a discussion of the ongoing rise of digital photography.
Book
\Why I Can't Stand Out in Front of My House?\: Street-Identified Black Youth and Young Adult's Negative Encounters With Police
This street participatory action research (Street PAR) study organized 15 residents to document streetidentified Black youth and adult's negative experiences with police in Wilmington, Delaware. Data were collected on mostly street-identified Black men and women aged 18—35 in the forms of (1) 520 surveys, (2) 24 individual interviews, (3) four dual interviews, (4) three group interviews, and (5) extensive field observations. Forty-two percent of survey participants reported being stopped by police in the last year. However, with the exception of being \"stopped,\" participants overall reported little negative contact with police at least within the past year. Chi-square and ANOVA analyses suggest an interactional relationship exists between race, gender, and age on experiences with police. Younger Black men (18–21) were found to have the most negative contact with police. Analysis suggests a smaller, more hardened mostly male variant of the larger street community has had repeated contact with police. Qualitative analysis reveals at least two major themes: (1) disrespect and disdain for residents and (2) low motivation for working with police. Street PAR methodology was also found to be instrumental in working with local residents and the Wilmington Police Department to improve conditions between residents and police.
Journal Article
The traffic systems of Pompeii
The Traffic Systems of Pompeii is the first sustained examination of the evidence for a regulated circulation of wheeled traffic in the ancient world. The setting to this system is the six-hundred-year evolution of Pompeii’s street network, the focus of which telescopes from the city’s urban grid to the shape of the streets, the treatment of their surfaces, and finally the individual elements of construction—the curbstones, stepping stones, and guard stones—where the evidence for traffic was inscribed. Although ruts are the most evocative evidence of ancient traffic, it is the wearing patterns on the vertical faces of street features that permit the determination of the directions that ancient carts were traveling and undergird the argument for their systematic regulation. Distilled from over five hundred locations recording multiple categories of evidence, all wholly new to archaeology and unique to this research, this book reveals the basic rules of the road and at the same time opens larger historical questions. What does the existence of a traffic system mean for our understanding of ancient urbanism? What other social forces are uncovered in the search for it? To explore these questions, the traffic system at Pompeii is set in its broader contexts as one infrastructural and administrative artifact of the Roman empire, an epiphenomenon of a deeply urban culture.
eBook
Law, engineering, and the American right-of-way : imagining a more just street
\"This book explores the geography of the everyday roadway and contemplates how regulation and design shape our streets. People may question the hegemony of cars, but reimagining public streets is a major conceptual and technical challenge. Drawing from 'new mobilities' and transport studies, [the author] addresses how streets are structured by policy standards; what it means to have a right to the street; and how a more just street would look--in both theory and practice. [The author] summarizes key traffic statutes, case laws, and engineering manuals, and interprets these in relation to mobility rights and justice. At its core, the book moves beyond criticism to highlight emerging movements which aim to develop more complete and livable streets for everyone.\"-- Back cover.
Book
The effect of a School Street intervention on children’s active travel, satisfaction with their street, and perception of road safety: a natural experimental evaluation
Background
This study aimed to determine whether, amongst children, School Street schemes: (1) increase active travel, (2) improve satisfaction and perception of safety crossing their school street; and (3) how they are perceived more broadly by children.
Methods
We recruited four intervention (School Street) and four control primary schools in Bradford, UK. Children aged 8–11 years completed a bespoke questionnaire at baseline, 4–6 weeks (T1), and one year (T2) after the intervention. Children in intervention schools were asked about their perceptions of the intervention. We used a difference-in-differences analysis to estimate the effect of the intervention on active travel, perceptions of the school road, and feelings of safety crossing the school road, with effects estimated for each intervention school separately and then pooled. Content analysis was conducted on free-text responses.
Results
One intervention school withdrew and was excluded. In the remaining seven schools, 942 children at Baseline, 629 at T1, and 608 at T2 had complete data for control variables. The intervention was associated with (i) a decrease in the probability of active travel on survey day of -0.11 percentage points at T1 (95% confidence intervals -0.20, -0.02;
p
= 0.02) and -0.18 percentage points at T2 (-0.27, -0.09;
p
< 0.001); (ii) a decrease of -0.96 in the number of weekly active trips at T2 (-1.72, -0.20;
p
= 0.01); and (iii) no change in the number of frequent active travellers (≥ 3 days/week). No differences were found in children's satisfaction or perception of safety. Qualitative analysis identified three themes, School Streets: (i) increased feelings of solidarity to protect children; (ii) improved perceptions of safety by reducing vehicles outside schools; (iii) children perceived barriers to car travel.
Conclusion
We saw very limited evidence that School Streets affected children’s perceptions of feeling safe, liking their school road, identifying themselves as frequent active travellers; there was some evidence for reductions in self-reported active travel. A novel finding is the sense of solidarity and community cohesion that School Streets elicits. A greater understanding of the theory of change and how the intervention works in different areas and affects different groups is required.
Journal Article