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"Structural frames Design and construction."
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Hyperbolic structures : Shukhov's lattice towers - forerunners of modern lightweight construction
2015,2014
Hyperbolic structures analyses the interactions of form with the structural behaviour of hyperbolic lattice towers, and the effects of the various influencing factors were determined with the help of parametric studies and load capacity analyses. This evaluation of Shukhov's historical calculations and the reconstruction of the design and development process of his water towers shows why the Russian engineer is considered not only a pathfinder for lightweight structures but also a pioneer of parametrised design processes.
Structural mechanics
2016,2015
Textbook covers the fundamental theory of structural mechanics and the modelling and analysis of frame and truss structures
* Deals with modelling and analysis of trusses and frames using a systematic matrix formulated displacement method with the language and flexibility of the finite element method
* Element matrices are established from analytical solutions to the differential equations
* Provides a strong toolbox with elements and algorithms for computational modelling and numerical exploration of truss and frame structures
* Discusses the concept of stiffness as a qualitative tool to explain structural behaviour
* Includes numerous exercises, for some of which the computer software CALFEM is used. In order to support the learning process CALFEM gives the user full overview of the matrices and algorithms used in a finite element analysis
Structural timber design to Eurocode 5
by
Porteous, Jack
,
Kermani, Abdy
in
Building, Wooden
,
Building, Wooden -- Standards -- Europe
,
Design and construction
2013
Structural Timber Design to Eurocode 5 provides practising engineers and specialist contractors with comprehensive, detailed information and in-depth guidance on the design of timber structures based on the common rules and rules for buildings in Eurocode 5 – Part 1-1. It will also be of interest to undergraduate and postgraduate students of civil and structural engineering.
It provides a step-by-step approach to the design of all of the commonly used timber elements and connections using solid timber, glued laminated timber or wood based structural products, and incorporates the requirements of the UK National Annex. It covers:
* strength and stiffness properties of timber and its reconstituted and engineered products
* key requirements of Eurocode 0, Eurocode 1 and Eurocode 5 – Part 1-1
* design of beams and columns of solid timber, glued laminated, composite and thin-webbed sections
* lateral stability requirements of timber structures
* design of mechanical connections subjected to lateral and/or axial forces
* design of moment resisting rigid and semi-rigid connections
* racking design of multi-storey platform framed walls
Featuring numerous detailed worked examples, the second edition has been thoroughly updated and includes information on the consequences of amendments and revisions to EC5 published since the first edition, and the significant additional requirements of BSI non contradictory, complimentary information document (PD 6693-1-1) relating to EC5. The new edition also includes a new section on axial stress conditions in composite sections, covering combined axial and bending stress conditions and reference to the major revisions to the design procedure for glued laminated timber.
Research on Integrated Design of Prefabricated Steel Frame Structures Based on BIM Technology with a Focus on Structural Safety
by
Chen, Wei
,
Wang, Junguo
,
Wang, Xiaofei
in
Architecture
,
Building information modeling
,
Columnar structure
2024
To address the issue of inconsistencies between the 3D structural models built on Building Information Modeling (BIM) platforms and the original structural designs, thereby ensuring structural safety and reliability, this paper proposes an integrated design approach for prefabricated steel frame structures based on BIM technology with a primary focus on structural safety. The application of the integrated design methodology for prefabricated steel frame structures, leveraging BIM technology, is concretely demonstrated through case studies. These illustrations focus on pivotal aspects: assessing the overall safety performance of the structure, conducting meticulous analyses of beam-to-column connection nodes, and harnessing the outcomes of these evaluations to inform and direct the optimization of the structural design. The research findings presented herein offer insights and methodologies for applying BIM in safety assessments of prefabricated steel frame structures, thereby further refining the comprehensive framework of BIM engagement throughout the entire life cycle of prefabricated steel frame construction projects.
Journal Article
Advanced modeling techniques in structural design
by
Fu, Feng
in
Mathematical models
,
Structural & Building Engineering
,
Structural analysis (Engineering)
2015
The successful design and construction of iconic new buildings relies on a range of advanced technologies, in particular on advanced modelling techniques. In response to the increasingly complex buildings demanded by clients and architects, structural engineers have developed a range of sophisticated modelling software to carry out the necessary structural analysis and design work.
Advanced Modelling Techniques in Structural Design introduces numerical analysis methods to both students and design practitioners. It illustrates the modelling techniques used to solve structural design problems, covering most of the issues that an engineer might face, including lateral stability design of tall buildings; earthquake; progressive collapse; fire, blast and vibration analysis; non-linear geometric analysis and buckling analysis . Resolution of these design problems are demonstrated using a range of prestigious projects around the world, including the Buji Khalifa; Willis Towers; Taipei 101; the Gherkin; Millennium Bridge; Millau viaduct and the Forth Bridge, illustrating the practical steps required to begin a modelling exercise and showing how to select appropriate software tools to address specific design problems.
Seismic performance of non-structural elements during the 2016 Central Italy earthquake
2019
Non-structural elements represent most of the total construction cost of typical buildings. A significant portion of the total losses in recent earthquakes worldwide, has been attributed to damage to non-structural elements. Damage to non-structural elements occurs at low levels of ground shaking, and can significantly affect the post-earthquake functionality of buildings. However, in Europe, limited prescriptions are provided in the codes for seismic design of non-structural elements and this may partially explain why it is so common for these elements to perform poorly during earthquakes. This paper describes the observed damage to non-structural elements following the 2016 Central Italy earthquake. The most commonly damaged elements were partition walls, ceiling systems, non-structural vaults, chimneys, and storage racks. As a result, it was highlighted the need to introduce seismic regulations devoted to improving the seismic performance of non-structural elements and to reduce the associated economic losses, loss of functionality, and potential threats to life safety.
Journal Article
Optimum design of planar steel frames under LRFD-AISC specifications using a step-by-step descent algorithm
2022
This paper presents a novel descent algorithm based on the step-by-step iterative principle, applied to the optimum design of steel frames. The search consists on finding the direction which decreases the structural weight most quickly. As the design problem includes discrete variables, the optimum is found by evaluating the structural weight gradient step by step. The step size is controlled in such a way that convergence towards infeasible or suboptimal solutions is avoided. By properly choosing the initial solution, it is possible to increase the efficiency and the convergence speed of the algorithm. Many strategies, for the choice of initial design point, by making use of engineering intuitions or using optimized design obtained by other algorithms are discussed. Furthermore, it is confirmed in this study that the proposed algorithm can be used to improve optimum designs found by metaheuristic algorithms. The optimization results, relative to several weight minimizations problems of benchmark planar steel frames designed according to Load and Resistance Factor Design, American Institute of Steel Construction (LRFD-AISC) specifications, are compared to those obtained by different optimization methods. The comparison proves the efficiency and robustness as well as the prompt of convergence of the proposed descent algorithm developed in this paper.
Journal Article
Risk−Based Cost−Benefit Optimization Design for Steel Frame Structures to Resist Progressive Collapse
2024
The design of structures to resist progressive collapse primarily focuses on enhancing structural safety and robustness. However, given the low probability of accidental events, such designs often lead to a negative cost–benefit. To address this problem, this paper uses risk analysis to optimize the progressive collapse resistance design of steel frame structures. The elements’ cross-section design for the progressive collapse resistance of steel frame structures is optimized using genetic algorithms and SAP2000 23, which identify the structural model with the minimum robustness index while ensuring safety. The results show that the risk-based robustness index can effectively assess the cost of progressive collapse design. More importantly, the optimization model can rapidly identify the most cost-effective structural design solution that complies with progressive collapse resistance guidelines, enhancing the simplicity and usability of the structure design optimization process. Additionally, the integration of the SAP2000 API with Python 3.8 automation streamlines the parameterization process, minimizes manual errors, and enhances the precision and efficiency of the structural design optimization. Finally, the model’s effectiveness is validated through a case study, where the refined single-frame structure shows a reduction in initial construction and collapse-related costs by 2.4% and 9.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional frame shows a 2.9% rise in initial costs but a 13.5% decrease in total collapse-resistant design costs, illustrating the model’s ability to balance safety with cost-effectiveness.
Journal Article