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Sugar : a global history
\"Sugar is one of the most beloved substances consumed by humans, and also one of the most reviled. It has come to dominate our diets-- whether in candy, desserts, soft drinks or even bread and pasta sauces-- for better and for worse. This fascinating history of this addictive ingredient reveals its incredible value as a global commodity and explores its darker legacies of slavery and widespread obesity.\"--Dust jacket.
Book
The Sugar Plantation in India and Indonesia
European markets almost exclusively relied on Caribbean sugar produced by slave labor until abolitionist campaigns began around 1800. Thereafter, importing Asian sugar and transferring plantation production to Asia became a serious option for the Western world. In this book, Ulbe Bosma details how the British and Dutch introduced the sugar plantation model in Asia and refashioned it over time. Although initial attempts by British planters in India failed, the Dutch colonial administration was far more successful in Java, where it introduced in 1830 a system of forced cultivation that tied local peasant production to industrial manufacturing. A century later, India adopted the Java model in combination with farmers' cooperatives rather than employing coercive measures. Cooperatives did not prevent industrial sugar production from exploiting small farmers and cane cutters, however, and Bosma finds that much of modern sugar production in Asia resembles the abuses of labor by the old plantation systems of the Caribbean.
eBook
Sugar plantation in India and Indonesia : industrial production, 1770-2010
\"European markets almost exclusively relied on Caribbean sugar produced by slave labor until abolitionist campaigns began around 1800. Thereafter, importing Asian sugar and transferring plantation production to Asia became a serious option for the Western world. In this book, Ulbe Bosma details how the British and Dutch introduced the sugar plantation model in Asia and refashioned it over time. Although initial attempts by British planters in India failed, the Dutch colonial administration was far more successful in Java, where it introduced in 1830 a system of forced cultivation that tied local peasant production to industrial manufacturing. A century later, India adopted the Java model in combination with farmers' cooperatives rather than employing coercive measures. Cooperatives did not prevent industrial sugar production from exploiting small farmers and cane cutters, however, and Bosma finds that much of modern sugar production in Asia resembles the abuses of labor by the old plantation systems of the Caribbean\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Drinking history
A companion to Andrew F. Smith's critically acclaimed and popular Eating History: Thirty Turning Points in the Making of American Cuisine, this volume recounts the individuals, ingredients, corporations, controversies, and myriad events responsible for America's diverse and complex beverage scene. Smith revisits the country's major historical moments—colonization, the American Revolution, the Whiskey Rebellion, the temperance movement, Prohibition, and its repeal—and he tracks the growth of the American beverage industry throughout the world. The result is an intoxicating encounter with an often overlooked aspect of American culture and global influence. Americans have invented, adopted, modified, and commercialized tens of thousands of beverages—whether alcoholic or nonalcoholic, carbonated or caffeinated, warm or frozen, watery or thick, spicy or sweet. These include uncommon cocktails, varieties of coffee and milk, and such iconic creations as Welch's Grape Juice, Coca-Cola, root beer, and Kool-Aid. Involved in their creation and promotion were entrepreneurs and environmentalists, bartenders and bottlers, politicians and lobbyists, organized and unorganized criminals, teetotalers and drunks, German and Italian immigrants, savvy advertisers and gullible consumers, prohibitionists and medical professionals, and everyday Americans in love with their brew. Smith weaves a wild history full of surprising stories and explanations for such classic slogans as \"taxation with and without representation;\" \"the lips that touch wine will never touch mine;\" and \"rum, Romanism, and rebellion.\" He reintroduces readers to Samuel Adams, Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, and the colorful John Chapman (Johnny Appleseed), and he rediscovers America's vast literary and cultural engagement with beverages and their relationship to politics, identity, and health.
eBook
Unrefined : how capitalism reinvented sugar
\"Just what is sugar? This question tormented nineteenth-century planters, scientists, and governments. Sugar was powerful: It colonized and enslaved people, held consumers in thrall, spurred new technologies, and was colossally profitable. David Singerman shows that sugar's grip over the world had as much to do with how knowledge about sugar was created and transmitted as it did with how it was grown and traded. Taking us to the laboratories where it was taxonomized, the docks where it was appraised, and the congressional sessions where tariffs on it were levied, Singerman threads together a novel, multifaceted history of this staple good\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Designing an Effective Front-of-Package Warning Label for Food and Drinks High in Added Sugar, Sodium, or Saturated Fat in Colombia: An Online Experiment
Policies to require warnings on the front of food and drinks high in nutrients of concern (e.g., added sugar, sodium, or saturated fat) are becoming increasingly common as an obesity prevention strategy. Colombia, a country with growing prevalence of obesity, is considering implementing a similar policy. The objective of this study was to assess perceptions and reactions to different warning designs. We conducted a randomized experiment in an online panel of adults age > 18y (n = 1997). Participants were randomized to view one of four labels: a control label (barcode), an octagon warning, a circle warning, and a triangle warning. Participants viewed their randomly assigned label on a series of products and answered questions (continuous outcomes ranged from 1–4). Compared to the control, all warnings led to higher perceived message effectiveness (increase in mean from 1.79 in the control to 2.59–2.65 in the warning conditions, p < 0.001), a higher percentage of participants who correctly identified products high in nutrients of concern (from 48% in the control condition to 84–89% in the warning conditions, p < 0.001), and reduced intentions to purchases these products (decrease in mean from 2.59 to 1.99–2.01 in the warning conditions, p < 0.001). Relative to the control, warnings performed similarly across education levels, suggesting this policy would be equitable in Colombia. Looking at differences by warning type, the pattern of results suggested that the octagon warnings performed best. After viewing all label types, 49% of participants selected the octagon warning as the one that most discouraged them from consuming products high in nutrients of concern, while 21% and 27% selected the circle and triangle warning. Colombian policymakers should consider the octagon warning as part of a front-of-package labeling policy to help consumers identify and reduce consumption of foods and drinks high in nutrients of concern.
Journal Article
Sugar
\"There is more sugar in the world's diet than ever before, but life is far from sweet for the exploited producers making nature's 'white gold' and the unhealthy consumers eating it. Why has the billion-dollar sugar trade created such inequities? In this insightful analysis, Ben Richardson argues that the most compelling answers to this question can be found in the dynamics of global capitalism. Led by multinational companies, the mass consumption of sweetened snacks has taken hold in the Global South and underpinned a new wave of foreign investment in sugar production. The expansion of large-scale and highly-industrialized farms across Latin America, Asia and Africa has kept the price of sugar down whilst pushing workers out of jobs and rural dwellers off the land. However, challenges to these practices are gathering momentum. Health advocates warning against costly diseases like diabetes, trade unions fighting for better pay, and local residents campaigning for a cleaner environment are all re-shaping the way sugar is consumed and produced. But to truly transform sugar, Richardson contends, these political activities must also address the profit-driven nature of food and farming itself.\"--Back cover.
Book
Text Messages to Curb Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption among Pregnant Women and Mothers: A Mobile Health Randomized Controlled Trial
Racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities in childhood obesity in the United States (U.S.) originate in early life. Maternal sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is an early life risk factor for later offspring obesity. The goal of this study was to test the effects of policy-relevant messages delivered by text messages mobile devices (mHealth) on maternal SSB consumption. In this three-arm 1-month randomized controlled trial (RCT), pregnant women or mothers of infants in predominantly Hispanic/Latino New York City neighborhoods were randomized to receive one of three text message sets: graphic beverage health warning labels, beverage sugar content information, or attention control. The main outcome was change in maternal self-reporting of average daily SSB consumption from baseline to one month. Among 262 participants, maternal SSB consumption declined over the 1-month period in all three arms. No intervention effect was detected in primary analyses. In sensitivity analyses accounting for outliers, graphic health warning labels reduced maternal SSB consumption by 28 kcal daily (95% CI: −56, −1). In this mHealth RCT among pregnant women and mothers of infants, graphic health warning labels and beverage sugar content information did not reduce maternal SSB consumption.
Journal Article
The no-sugar! desserts & baking cookbook : over 65 delectable yet healthy sugar-free treats
This inspiring new book will help you remove refined sugar from your cooking where it really matters - in sweet puddings and cakes! Here are irresistible yet healthy desserts using nutritious ingredients - all are zero-sugar but many are lower gluten, lower dairy, vegan and paleo-friendly too. Ysanne's tried and tested recipes don't simply replace sugar with chemical substitutes, but use natural and unprocessed sweeteners. Satisfy your sweet craving with gooey puddings, crumbly fruit pies, chilled parfaits, creamy cheesecakes and cacao chocolate candies: here are ideas for families, teatimes and dinner parties, and treats that everyone will love.
Book
Development of Sugar Industry in China: R&D Priorities for Sustainable Sugarcane Production
This paper introduces the status of the sugar industry in China, especially the production of sugarcane, sugarbeet and sugar, as well as achievements in sugarcane breeding, farming technology exploitation and value chain-added by-product development. In recent years, China has planted about 1.6–1.8 Mha of sugar crops and produces about 9–11 MT of sugar, with about 85–91% from sugarcane. Guangxi is an enormous cane and sugar producer, which provides about 60–70% of the total sugar in the country. The production of sugarcane and cane sugar decreased dramatically in the recent two milling seasons, especially in Guangxi, because of continuous severe drought during the fast-growing season, leading to a considerable decline in cane sugar and total sugar production. However, beet sugar production recovered to the level 10 years ago. The sugarcane-planting area is relatively more stable, especially in Guangxi, than sugarbeet production. The sugar recovery has been improved in recent years because of the dramatic progress in sugarcane breeding and new technology development. At present, the elite sugarcane varieties GT42 and GL05136 occupied 28.66% and 28.48%, respectively, of the total sugarcane-growing area in China in 2023, and other main sugarcane varieties, i.e. GT44, GT46, GT49, GT55, GT58, YT93-159, YT55, YZ05-51, YZ08-1609, etc. The domestic breeding sugarcane varieties occupied over 95% of the total sugarcane-growing area in 2023; among them, more than 80% were bred in Guangxi, and GT varieties covered the more extensive sugarcane-planting area in China. For sugarcane production, drought is still the most important abiotic limit. At the same time, smut and borer continue to be the most critical biotic constraints, production cost needs to be lowered, and machine harvest is not popular. The R&D priorities for sustainable sugarcane production in China include creating elite parents by utilizing wild germplasm, breeding high-yield, high-sugar, highly resistant and nitrogen-efficient sugarcane varieties with strong ratoon ability by conventional and biotechnological approaches, promoting the commercial supply of healthy seedcane for millable cane production, and developing mechanical operation for field management, especially for harvest, and applying low-cost and efficient cultivation technologies for sugarcane production, etc.
Journal Article