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Jazz owls : a novel of the Zoot Suit Riots
In early 1940s Los Angeles, Mexican Americans Marisela and Lorena work in canneries all day then jitterbug with sailors all night with their zoot suit wearing younger brother Ray, as escort until the night racial violence leads to murder. Told in verse format.
Book
Bioenergetic profiles and respiratory control in mitochondrial physiology: Precision analysis of oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is fundamental to mitochondrial function. Respirometry with living cells provides limited information compared to precision OXPHOS analysis with mitochondrial preparations, including isolated mitochondria, tissue homogenates, permeabilized tissues, and permeabilized cells. We studied mouse mitochondria from brain, a glucose‐dependent tissue, and from heart, which relies highly on fatty acid oxidation (FAO). HEK 293T cells were analysed as a widely used experimental model. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and platelets were obtained from non‐invasive liquid biopsies, considering their potential as mitochondrial biomarkers. Twenty respiratory states were interrogated applying two substrate–uncoupler–inhibitor titration (SUIT) reference protocols in parallel. Convergent electron transfer (ET) into the coenzyme Q junction increased OXPHOS and ET capacities compared to separately stimulated pathways. In mouse heart and human PBMCs, OXPHOS capacities were identical to ET capacities in every pathway state. While this equivalence applied to the NADH‐linked pathway in platelets, ET capacity exceeded OXPHOS capacity supported by NADH‐linked substrates plus succinate. Surprisingly, mouse brain exhibited the highest excess ET capacity in the NADH‐linked pathway. In contrast, ET capacity of different batches of HEK 293T cells varied at constant OXPHOS capacity. Precision OXPHOS analysis enables attribution of respiratory performance to nutrient‐specific pathways. In studies ranging from exercise physiology to mitochondrial diseases, metabolic adjustments must be distinguished from functional defects. Bioenergetic profiles obtained by precision OXPHOS analysis gain perspective in the context of comparative mitochondrial physiology. What is the central question of this study? OXPHOS is fundamental for mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism: can the physiological relevance of mitochondrial function be effectively addressed using precision OXPHOS analysis? What is the main finding and its importance? Bioenergetic profiles revealed mitochondrial functional diversity and tissue‐ and cell‐specific metabolic patterns. Precision OXPHOS analysis is essential for understanding mitochondrial function, formulating robust working hypotheses, selecting appropriate models, and explaining tissue‐specific differences. Bioenergetic profiling unravels the complexities of mitochondrial respiratory control on the basis of a consistent comparative database.
Journal Article
The suit
A beautifully tailored history of this fashion staple—at once a garment of tradition, power, and subversion. The Suit unpicks the story of this most familiar garment, from its emergence in western Europe at the end of the seventeenth century to today. Suit-wearing figures such as the Savile Row gentleman and the Wall Street businessman have long embodied ideas of tradition, masculinity, power, and respectability, but the suit has also been used to disrupt concepts of gender and conformity. Adopted and subverted by women, artists, musicians, and social revolutionaries through the decades—from dandies and Sapeurs to the Zoot Suit and Le Smoking—the suit is also a device for challenging the status quo. For all those interested in the history of menswear, this beautifully illustrated book offers new perspectives on this most mundane, and poetic, product of modern culture.
eBook
Applying thermal therapy: Comparison of different commercially available heating devices to increase muscle temperature
Although various medical devices are available for the purpose of heat therapy, their effect on muscle temperature remains unclear. This study compared the effects of a water‐perfused suit (WPS), short‐wave diathermy (SWD) and hot‐water immersion (HWI) on muscle, core and skin temperatures, along with perceived thermal discomfort. Ten healthy volunteers (four males and six females) were exposed to WPS, SWD or HWI for 1 h on three occasions, separated by 3–7 days, in a counterbalanced order. Muscle temperature increased with all devices ( P < 0.0001, partial η 2 = 0.55) but was lower after WPS in comparison to both SWD ( P = 0.00656) and HWI ( P = 0.00949). Core temperature was higher with HWI than with WPS ( P ≤ 0.0104) and SWD ( P ≤ 0.0213) from 20 min onwards. Although the average skin temperature over the thigh was lower with SWD than with HWI ( P = 0.007, −1.2 [−2.0; −0.4]°C), the maximal local skin temperature was higher with SWD than with HWI ( P = 0.0153, −0.7 [−1.4; −0.2]°C). Thermal discomfort was higher during HWI than during WPS ( P ≤ 0.0159) and SWD ( P ≤ 0.0130). In conclusion, only SWD and HWI increased muscle temperatures. SWD was able to increase local muscle temperatures comfortably, but the effects were localized. HWI can increase both peripheral and central temperatures easily, but the associated increases in core temperature might lead to hyperthermia‐induced discomfort. What is the central question of this study? Do some commercially available heating devices increase intramuscular temperature more than others during 60 min of heating? What is the main finding and its importance? Muscle temperature increases to a greater extent with slow‐wave diathermy and hot‐water immersion than via a water‐perfused suit. However, hot‐water immersion leads to greater whole‐body thermal discomfort than slow‐wave diathermy. These results provide useful information that can be applied in a clinical rehabilitation setting.
Journal Article
Chemical Protection Studies of Activated Carbon Spheres based Permeable Protective Clothing Against Sulfur Mustard, a Chemical Warfare Agent
Technological advancements in the field of chemical threat have made it possible to create extremely dangerous chemical warfare agents (CWA). Hence, the effective protection of personnel is very important in a chemical warfare scenario amidst the current climate of terrorism awareness. In particular, body protection plays a substantial role in the chemical defence considering the urgency of situation in the nuclear, biological and chemical environment. Activated carbon spheres (ACS) based permeable chemical protective clothing (coverall) was developed for protection against CWA. The adsorbent material i.e, ACS used in this protective clothing provided higher adsorption capacity (1029 mg/g in terms of iodine) and low thermal burden (34 °C WBGT index) compared to earlier indigenously developed NBC suit. This article focuses on the extensive evaluation of chemical protective clothing against sulfur mustard (HD), a CWA. The results revealed that the developed protective clothing provided more than 24 h protection against HD. This chemical protective suit is light weight (< 2.75 kg for XL size). It also has higher air permeability (> 30 cm3/s/cm2) as well as less water vapour resistance (< 9.6 m2Pa/W). With continued innovations in materials and attention to key challenges it is expected that advanced, multifunction chemical protective suit will play a pivotal role in the CWA protection scenario.
Journal Article
Integrated Flight Safety System to Cope with Gravity-Induced Loss of Consciousness—Industrial Perspective
Modern high-maneuverable fighter aircraft is designed for high gravity (Gz) maneuvers to improve survivability for preempting air-to-air combat missions. However, many pilots exposed to a high onset rate and high-sustained Gz (HSG) environment during combat situations, experiencing a temporary grayout or blackout of consciousness. If that state persists, the pilots will fall into gravity-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC), which lose completely their consciousness. Since the G-LOC phenomenon was first reported in 1929, aircraft accidents caused by G-LOC have been announced continuously up now. Aeromedical research communities have been continuously researching methods to prevent G-LOC, that improves the + Gz-tolerance of pilots by extending the duration to endure + Gz, as well as increasing the level of + Gz to the attainable maximum level with use of flight suits, including positive pressure breathing for G (PPG) and anti-G suit (AGS), and training of anti-G straining maneuver (AGSM) in centrifuge. In parallel to this, the community have studied an automatic recovery system that monitors the pilot’s physiologic metrics and the flight status of the aircraft and recoveries the aircraft attitude to a safe flight region at the time G-LOC is detected, even if the pilot enters G-LOC. Some of these research results have been commercialized and are widely applied to modern high-maneuverable fighter aircraft. In this paper, we review technology trends of the methods for improving pilot + Gz-tolerance in high and sustained + Gz conditions and protecting loss of aircraft and pilot’s life in the event of G-LOC. The results of this review of technology trends are expected to be used as a useful reference document for aircraft developers and researchers, including students majoring in aeronautical engineering.
Journal Article
A Comprehensive Patent Practice Form Book
In light of malpractice risk and increasing workload, it is vital for practitioners to work effectively and efficiently.This manual provides a tool for promoting the quality of application conduct by enhancing mindfulness of the practitioner to procedural options available at any given point during the application protocol.
eBook
Numerical Modeling of the Thermal Insulating Properties of Space Suits
The purpose of this study was to model the thermal insulating properties in an exemplary multi-layer layup of space suits utilizing computer simulation techniques and physics and mathematical models. The main system responsible for thermal insulation is the Thermal Micrometeoroid Garment (TMG) material layup. Its structure consists of eight layers with different functions. The utilized textile materials are Rip-Stop-type fabrics, strengthened with the addition of a stronger fiber at fixed intervals. The state variable in thermal problems is the temperature field inside the analyzed TMG. The results obtained from the computer simulation were compared to verification calculations from the mathematical model, which allowed for an assessment of the models’ quality and the obtained results. Two numerical models were analyzed in Ansys Workbench software. This enabled an assessment of the model’s quality and the possible discrepancies. The modeling of the structure was carried out using the Finite Element Method. The possibility of using this exemplary material layup for a suit was verified using normalized data for an adult in outer space.
Journal Article