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Cold War summits : a history, from Potsdam to Malta
\"This book examines six summits spanning the beginning and the end of the Cold War. Using declassified documents from U.S., British, and other archives, Chris Tudda shows how the Cold War developed from an ideological struggle between capitalism and communism into a truly global struggle. From Potsdam in 1945, to Malta in 1989, the nuclear superpowers met to determine how to end World War II, manage the arms race, and ultimately, end the Cold War. Meanwhile, the newly independent nations of the 'Third World,' including the People's Republic of China, became active and respected members of the international community determined to manage their own fates independent of the superpowers. The six summits--Potsdam (1945), Bandung (1955), Glassboro (1967), Beijing (1972), Vienna (1972), and Malta (1989)--are here examined together in a single volume for the first time. An introductory essay provides a historiographical analysis of Cold War summitry, while the conclusion ties the summits together and demonstrates how the history of the Cold War can be understood not only by examining the meetings between the superpowers, but also by analyzing how the developing nations became agents of change and thus affected international relations\"--From publisher's website.
BOOK
The Last Superpower Summits. Gorbachev, Reagan, and Bush. Conversations that Ended the Cold War
This book publishes for the first time in print every word the American and Soviet leaders – Ronald Reagan, Mikhail Gorbachev, and George H.W. Bush – said to each other in their superpower summits from 1985 to 1991. Obtained by the authors through the Freedom of Information Act in the U.S., from the Gorbachev Foundation and the State Archive of the Russian Federation in Moscow, and from the personal donation of Anatoly Chernyaev, these previously Top Secret verbatim transcripts combine with key declassified preparatory and after-action documents from both sides to create a unique interactive documentary record of these historic highest-level talks – the conversations that ended the Cold War.The summits fueled a process of learning on both sides, as the authors argue in contextual essays on each summit and detailed headnotes on each document. Geneva 1985 and Reykjavik 1986 reduced Moscow’s sense of threat and unleashed Reagan’s inner abolitionist. Malta 1989 and Washington 1990 helped dampen any superpower sparks that might have flown in a time of revolutionary change in Eastern Europe, set off by Gorbachev and by Eastern Europeans (Solidarity, dissidents, reform Communists). The high level and scope of the dialogue between these world leaders was unprecedented, and is likely never to be repeated.
eBook
The Last Superpower Summits
This book publishes for the first time in print every word the American and Soviet leaders – Ronald Reagan, Mikhail Gorbachev, and George H.W. Bush – said to each other in their superpower summits from 1985 to 1991. Obtained by the authors through the Freedom of Information Act in the U.S., from the Gorbachev Foundation and the State Archive of the Russian Federation in Moscow, and from the personal donation of Anatoly Chernyaev, these previously Top Secret verbatim transcripts combine with key declassified preparatory and after-action documents from both sides to create a unique interactive documentary record of these historic highest-level talks – the conversations that ended the Cold War. The summits fueled a process of learning on both sides, as the authors argue in contextual essays on each summit and detailed headnotes on each document. Geneva 1985 and Reykjavik 1986 reduced Moscow’s sense of threat and unleashed Reagan’s inner abolitionist. Malta 1989 and Washington 1990 helped dampen any superpower sparks that might have flown in a time of revolutionary change in Eastern Europe, set off by Gorbachev and by Eastern Europeans (Solidarity, dissidents, reform Communists). The high level and scope of the dialogue between these world leaders was unprecedented, and is likely never to be repeated. Key words: Diplomatic History; Great Powers; Foreign Relations; Cold War; USA diplomacy; Soviet Union; Gorbachev; Bush; Reagan; 1989-1993
eBook
A Diplomatic Meeting
Drawing on a host of recently declassified documents from the
Reagan-Thatcher years, A Diplomatic Meeting: Reagan, Thatcher,
and the Art of Summitry provides an innovative framework for
understanding the development and nature of the special
relationship between British prime minister Margaret Thatcher and
American president Ronald Reagan, who were known as \"political
soulmates.\" James Cooper boldly challenges the popular conflation
of the leaders' platforms, and proposes that Reagan and Thatcher's
summitry highlighted unique features of domestic policy in their
respective countries. Summits, therefore, were a significant
opportunity for the two world leaders to further their own domestic
agendas. Cooper uses the relationship between Reagan and Thatcher
to demonstrate that summitry politics transcended any distinction
between foreign policy and domestic politics-a major objective of
Reagan and Thatcher as they sought to consolidate power and
implement their domestic economic programs in a parallel quest to
reverse notions of their countries' \"decline.\"
This unique and significant study about the making of the
Reagan-Thatcher relationship uses their key meetings as an avenue
to explore the fluidity between the domestic and international
spheres, a perspective that is underappreciated in existing
interpretations of the leaders' relationship and Anglo-American
relations and, more broadly, in the field of international
affairs.
eBook
Summits
The Cold War dominated world history for nearly half a century, locking two superpowers in a global rivalry that only ended with the Soviet collapse. The most decisive moments of twentieth-century diplomacy occurred when world leaders met face to facefrom the mishandled summit in Munich, 1938, which brought on the Second World War, to Ronald Reagan's remarkable chemistry with Mikhail Gorbachev at Geneva in 1985. In Summits, eminent diplomatic historian David Reynolds takes us alongside the statesmen who stood, if only briefly, on top of the world, offering valuable lessons as we find ourselves confronting once again a war without end.
eBook
Encyclopedia of Conflicts since World War II
This copiously illustrated A-Z reference presents the most in-depth information available about the various conflicts the world has endured, local, regional, and international, since World War II. Some 142 conflicts are discussed and analyzed. The Encyclopedia of Conflict since World War II , with its coverage of all the countries of the world, fills a critical need for clear, comprehensive explanations of events not covered in such detail in any other reference source. Entries end with an extensive bibliography; and the encyclopedia includes maps, chronologies, and a general bibliography, as well as an index designed to make the reader understand the correlation and relationships between individual conflicts.
eBook
MoneyWatch Report
The family that owns the company that makes OxyContin is calling a Massachusetts' lawsuit false and misleading. This is the Sackler family's first court response to allegations that individual family members helped fuel the deadly opioid epidemic. Attorneys for the Sackler family say the claims must be dismissed. Massachusetts was among the first state government to sue the family as well as the company last year.
Transcript
US Decision Makers’ Perceptions of Soviet Intentions
During his first term in office, Reagan believed that Soviet intentions posed an existential threat to the United States. He referred to the USSR as an “evil empire.” Reagan’s views, however, changed dramatically during his second administration (1985–88). Following the Moscow summit of May 1988, Reagan asserted that his speech five years earlier was no longer relevant and his comment about an evil empire belonged to “another time, another era.”¹ When asked if he could declare the Cold War over, the president responded, “I think right now, of course.”²
This chapter addresses how Reagan and his top advisers—especially
Book Chapter
Building a Political Europe in a Changed International Context
Seven months after his election, Giscard hosted a Franco-American summit on the French island of Martinique. This summit marked a significant improvement in bilateral relations. Two main factors explain the rapprochement. First, senior U.S. officials changed their tone after Nixon’s August resignation over Watergate. This unprecedented event in U.S. history undermined the confidence of U.S. officials, prompting them to think that the U.S. government had lost some of its authority. The new Ford administration assumed a less confrontational stance in international affairs, being more sympathetic to European concerns and less inclined to unilateralism.¹ Second, Giscard encouraged better relations with the
Book Chapter