Explore the vast range of titles available.

KEYWORDS precision health; symptom science; oncology nursing; symptom burden; risk factors

On 9.sup.th January 2020, China CDC reported a novel coronavirus (later named SARS-CoV-2) as the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To acquire new information on the real trend in SARS-CoV-2 infection during pandemic phase I and to determine the possible early appearance of the virus in Italy. In the 1683 samples collected, no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 was found. Moreover, 28.3% (477/1683) of swabs were positive for influenza viruses, the majority being type A (358 vs 119 type B). A/H3N2 was predominant among influenza A viruses (55%); among influenza B viruses, B/Victoria was prevalent. The highest influenza incidence rate was reported in patients aged 0-17 years (40.3%) followed by those aged 18-64 years (24.4%) and [greater than or equal to]65 years (14.8%). In Italy, some studies have shown the early circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in northern regions, those most severely affected during phase I of the pandemic. In central and southern regions, by contrast no early circulation of the virus was registered. These results are in line with ours. These findings highlight the need to continue to carry out retrospective studies, in order to understand the epidemiology of the novel coronavirus, to better identify the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in comparison with other acute respiratory illnesses (ARI), and to evaluate the real burden of COVID-19 on the healthcare system.

A two-year experimental study was carried out to investigate the susceptibility of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars and hybrids to Foveavirus latensarmeniacae (Apricot latent virus, ApLV) using biological indexing and RT-PCR diagnostics. In total, 19 different genotypes were analyzed in this study. Inoculated plants developed symptoms on the young sprouting apricot leaves, including chlorotic spots, leaf wrinkling, necrosis, and stunting, most prominently expressed in the first year of cultivation. In the four following evaluation periods (May 2024, July 2024, May 2025, July 2025), symptom expression slightly decreased, while plant mortality increased considerably, the percentage of plant mortality was 35.1%. Significant correlations (p < 0.05) in symptom manifestation between GF-305 indicator and apricot hybrids were observed only in the second evaluation period (July 2024; r = 0.5882), while the most pronounced symptoms on apricots occurred in the first period. ANOVA revealed a significant relationship between symptom expression and virus presence in apricot plants in the first and third periods, whereas GF-305 symptoms correlated with ApLV detection in all periods. Principal component analysis (PCA) further highlighted the relationship between GF-305 symptoms and the number of infected plants, while symptom expression on apricot genotypes was less consistently correlated with RT-PCR diagnostic results. Cluster analysis separated the studied material into two groups, with LE-3246, LEM/2017/18, LEM/2017/20, ‘Orangered’ and ‘Harlayne’ showing indications of a comparatively lower susceptibility to ApLV. These results provide insights into the interaction between ApLV and apricot genotypes. The findings also suggest that ApLV may not be entirely latent under certain conditions, as severe symptoms were observed in several apricot cultivars in this study.

Adolescence is a period of social, physical, and neurobiological transitions that may leave individuals more vulnerable to the development of internalizing and externalizing symptomatology. Extant research demonstrates that executive functioning (EF) is associated with psychopathology outcomes in adolescence; however, it has yet to be examined how EF and psychopathology develop transactionally over time. Data were collected from 167 adolescents (47% female, 13–14 years old at Time 1) and their primary caregiver over 4 years. At each time point, adolescents completed three behavioral tasks that capture the underlying dimensions of EF, and both adolescents and their primary caregiver completed measures of adolescent psychopathology. Latent growth curve modeling was used to test the associations between initial levels and trajectories of EF and psychopathology. Results indicated that higher initial levels of internalizing and externalizing symptomatology were associated with lower EF at Time 4 (controlling for Time 1 EF). Initial levels of EF did not predict changes in internalizing and externalizing symptomatology. These findings suggest that early psychopathology may be a risk factor for maladaptive EF development in adolescence.

The COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most stressful events in recent times across the world. The long-term effect of these experiences raises several concerns, including the development of post-traumatic stress symptomatology. However, little is known about the psychological processes that mediate this association. The aim of this study was to explore the association of emotional exhaustion and anxiety in post-traumatic stress symptomatology, and the mediating role of resilience and psychological well-being in university students. A total of 526 university students of both sexes participated in this study, and they were aged between 17 and 62 years old. Symptoms of anxiety and emotional exhaustion were significantly higher in females, in contrast, males showed on average more resilience and psychological well-being. Additionally, participants with COVID-19 infection had higher levels of emotional exhaustion, anxiety, and PTSD. The results indicated that the variables were correlated with each other (p < 0.001). A conceptual model was confirmed that describes anxiety and emotional exhaustion as predictors, post-traumatic stress symptomatology as an outcome variable, and resilience and psychological well-being as mediators. Resilience and psychological well-being can be important protective factors for adaptive responses in stressful situations. The findings obtained in this study will provide a theoretical basis for designing targeted interventions to improve psychological health, whether for crisis intervention, the process of adapting to higher education, or for recovery plans from psychological trauma.

A total of 2,618,862 participants reported their potential symptoms of COVID-19 on a smartphone-based app. Among the 18,401 who had undergone a SARS-CoV-2 test, the proportion of participants who reported loss of smell and taste was higher in those with a positive test result (4,668 of 7,178 individuals; 65.03%) than in those with a negative test result (2,436 of 11,223 participants; 21.71%) (odds ratio = 6.74; 95% confidence interval = 6.31–7.21). A model combining symptoms to predict probable infection was applied to the data from all app users who reported symptoms (805,753) and predicted that 140,312 (17.42%) participants are likely to have COVID-19. Analysis of data from a smartphone-based app designed for large-scale tracking of potential COVID-19 symptoms, used by over 2.5 million participants in the United Kingdom and United States, shows that loss of taste and smell sensations is predictive of potential SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Virtual Patient Simulations (VPSs) have been cited as a novel learning strategy, but there is little evidence that VPSs yield improvements in clinical reasoning skills and medical knowledge. This study aimed to clarify the effectiveness of VPSs for improving clinical reasoning skills among medical students, and to compare improvements in knowledge or clinical reasoning skills relevant to specific clinical scenarios. We enrolled 210 fourth-year medical students in March 2017 and March 2018 to participate in a real-time pre-post experimental design conducted in a large lecture hall by using a clicker. A VPS program (®Body Interact, Portugal) was implemented for one two-hour class session using the same methodology during both years. A pre–post 20-item multiple-choice questionnaire (10 knowledge and 10 clinical reasoning items) was used to evaluate learning outcomes. A total of 169 students completed the program. Participants showed significant increases in average total post-test scores, both on knowledge items (pre-test: median = 5, mean = 4.78, 95% CI (4.55–5.01); post-test: median = 5, mean = 5.12, 95% CI (4.90–5.43); p-value = 0.003) and clinical reasoning items (pre-test: median = 5, mean = 5.3 95%, CI (4.98–5.58); post-test: median = 8, mean = 7.81, 95% CI (7.57–8.05); p-value < 0.001). Thus, VPS programs could help medical students improve their clinical decision-making skills without lecturer supervision.

Background Impaired social functioning is a major, but under-elucidated area of schizophrenia. It’s typically understood as consequential to, eg, negative symptoms, but meta-analyses on the subject have not examined psychopathology in a broader perspective and there’s severe heterogeneity in outcome measures. To enhance functional recovery from schizophrenia, a more comprehensive understanding of the nature of social functioning in schizophrenia is needed. Study Design In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, PsycInfo, and Ovid Embase for studies providing an association between psychopathology and social functioning. Meta-analyses of the regression and correlation coefficients were performed to explore associations between social functioning and psychopathology, as well as associations between their subdomains. Study Results Thirty-six studies with a total of 4742 patients were included. Overall social functioning was associated with overall psychopathology (95% CI [−0.63; −0.37]), positive symptoms (95% CI [−0.39; −0.25]), negative symptoms (95% CI [−0.61; -0.42]), disorganized symptoms (95% CI [−0.54; −0.14]), depressive symptoms (95% CI [−0.33; −0.11]), and general psychopathology (95% CI [−0.60; −0.43]). There was significant heterogeneity in the results, with I2 ranging from 52% to 92%. Conclusions This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively examine associations between psychopathology and social functioning. The finding that all psychopathological subdomains seem to correlate with social functioning challenges the view that impaired social functioning in schizophrenia is mainly a result of negative symptoms. In line with classical psychopathological literature on schizophrenia, it may be more appropriate to consider impaired social functioning as a manifestation of the disorder itself.

It's not uncommon for women to mistake heart attack symptoms for heartburn or something else. A lot of people don’t have that classic Hollywood heart attack symptom — crushing chest pain.Heart attacks can cause many other symptoms, and these are the ones to pay attention to, says Dr. Trisha Pasricha, a physician at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, an assistant professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and The Washington Post’s Ask a Doctor columnist.

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the pathogenicity of six strains of Bipolaris bicolor on wheat, corn and sorghum and its virulence when inoculated into healthy plant tissue of wheat under different light regimes at 25 °C. Pathogenicity was evaluated by inoculating mycelial discs in the corp leaves at 25 ºC for six days in a completely randomized design and 6x3 factorial arrangement, with the six strains of B. bicolor and three corps (wheat, corn, and sorghum). Besides, virulence was evaluated in the same conditions, excepting as follow: 6x5 factorial arrangement (six strains of B. bicolor and five photoperiods). The evaluations were performed by measuring the lesioned leaf diameter daily, which was later transformed into the lesioned leaf area (LLA). The results showed the ability of B. bicolor to infect other plant species beyod wheat, that is, the strains proved to be pathogenic on corn and sorghum leaves. Regarding its physiology, the results showed that strains such as virulence differed when inoculated on wheat leaves. The 14 h light regimen showed the greatest significant reduction in disease severity, the point from which the increase in the frequency of luminosity led to an increase in the LLA up to the 20 h light regimen.