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UAFML or UPDM is the language for modeling System of System(SoS) architecture. While SysML is used to model system architecture with solid connections with requirements, multidisciplinary analysis, software development, verification, etc. Many companies export the SoS architecture model into an XMI file or even a Word document to the system-architecture-level design team to perform further development. It will cost more time and may cause information inconsistency in practice. To bridge the gap, studying a more economical way to perform the modeling information exchange is necessary. This paper studied architecture modeling language building and transformation mechanisms and proposed a unified SoSE and SE modeling approach, which will make the most of the architecture model, guarantee the different architecture level model consistency and save cost.

Root system architecture (RSA) - the spatial configuration of a root system - is an important developmental and agronomic trait, with implications for overall plant architecture, growth rate and yield, abiotic stress resistance, nutrient uptake, and developmental plasticity in response to environmental changes. Root architecture is modulated by intrinsic, hormone-mediated pathways, intersecting with pathways that perceive and respond to external, environmental signals. The recent development of several non-invasive 2D and 3D root imaging systems has enhanced our ability to accurately observe and quantify architectural traits on complex whole-root systems. Coupled with the powerful marker-based genotyping and sequencing platforms currently available, these root phenotyping technologies lend themselves to large-scale genome-wide association studies, and can speed the identification and characterization of the genes and pathways involved in root system development. This capability provides the foundation for examining the contribution of root architectural traits to the performance of crop varieties in diverse environments. This review focuses on our current understanding of the genes and pathways involved in determining RSA in response to both intrinsic and extrinsic (environmental) response pathways, and provides a brief overview of the latest root system phenotyping technologies and their potential impact on elucidating the genetic control of root development in plants.

Establish successful FinOps practice and bring financial visibility to define cost optimization goals and apply learnings to realize savings for your organization. Key Features Build a FinOps team and foster cross-organizational collaboration to optimize costsGain a deep insight into resource usage and rates to unlock the secrets of cost optimizationApply your FinOps expertise to run a successful practice, reinvesting savings into new feature development Book Description To gain a competitive edge in today's unpredictable economic climate, you’ll need to unravel the mystery of saving costs on Microsoft Azure Cloud. This book helps you do just that with proven strategies for building, running, and sustaining repeated cost optimization initiatives across your organization. You’ll learn how to collaborate with finance, procurement, product, and engineering teams to optimize your cloud spend and achieve cost savings that can make a significant impact on your bottom line. The book begins by showing you how to effectively monitor and manage your cloud usage, identify cost-saving opportunities, and implement changes that’ll reduce your overall spend. Whether you're a small start-up or a large enterprise, this book will equip you with the knowledge and skills needed to achieve cost savings and maintain a lean cloud infrastructure. As you advance, you'll find out how to benchmark your current cloud spend and establish a budget for cloud usage. Throughout the chapters, you’ll learn how to negotiate with your cloud provider to optimize your rate, allocate cost for the container, and gain a solid understanding of metric-driven cost optimization. By the end of this FinOps book, you’ll have become proficient in Azure Cloud financial management with the help of real-world examples, use cases, and scenarios. What you will learn Learn FinOps Informe, Optimize and Operate model for Microsoft AzureChoose from Reservations, Savings Plans, and Spot VMs to reduce costDiscover resource waste using provided pre-built workbooksWrite an effective financial business case and build a FinOps strategyRelate what you learned with three real world use caseAccurately forecast future cloud spend and track budgets Who this book is for This book is for cloud governance experts, finance managers, procurement specialists, product developers, and engineering teams looking to get clear and actionable guidance needed to implement all the phases of the FinOps life cycle in the Microsoft Azure context. This book is ideal for anyone with a basic understanding of financial terms, analytics tools, and the Azure cloud.

Leverage OpenTelemetry's API, libraries, tools and the collector to produce and collect telemetry along with using open-source tools to analyze distributed traces, check metrics and logs, and gain insights into application health Key Features Get to grips with OpenTelemetry, an open-source cloud-native software observability standardUse vendor-neutral tools to instrument applications to produce better telemetry and improve observabilityUnderstand how telemetry data can be correlated and interpreted to understand distributed systems Book Description Cloud-Native Observability with OpenTelemetry is a guide to helping you look for answers to questions about your applications. This book teaches you how to produce telemetry from your applications using an open standard to retain control of data. OpenTelemetry provides the tools necessary for you to gain visibility into the performance of your services. It allows you to instrument your application code through vendor-neutral APIs, libraries and tools. By reading Cloud-Native Observability with OpenTelemetry, you’ll learn about the concepts and signals of OpenTelemetry - traces, metrics, and logs. You’ll practice producing telemetry for these signals by configuring and instrumenting a distributed cloud-native application using the OpenTelemetry API. The book also guides you through deploying the collector, as well as telemetry backends necessary to help you understand what to do with the data once it's emitted. You’ll look at various examples of how to identify application performance issues through telemetry. By analyzing telemetry, you’ll also be able to better understand how an observable application can improve the software development life cycle. By the end of this book, you’ll be well-versed with OpenTelemetry, be able to instrument services using the OpenTelemetry API to produce distributed traces, metrics and logs, and more. What you will learn Understand the core concepts of OpenTelemetryExplore concepts in distributed tracing, metrics, and loggingDiscover the APIs and SDKs necessary to instrument an application using OpenTelemetryExplore what auto-instrumentation is and how it can help accelerate application instrumentationConfigure and deploy the OpenTelemetry CollectorGet to grips with how different open-source backends can be used to analyze telemetry dataUnderstand how to correlate telemetry in common scenarios to get to the root cause of a problem Who this book is for This book is for software engineers, library authors, and systems operators looking to better understand their infrastructure, services and applications by leveraging telemetry data like never before. Working knowledge of Python programming is assumed for the example applications that you’ll be building and instrumenting using the OpenTelemetry API and SDK. Some familiarity with Go programming, Linux, and Docker is preferable to help you set up additional components in various examples throughout the book.

Aims The objective of this research was to develop a three-dimensional (3D) rhizosphere modeling capability for plant-soil interactions by integrating plant biophysics, water and ion uptake and release from individual roots, variably saturated flow, and multicomponent reactive transport in soil. Methods We combined open source software for simulating plant and soil interactions with parallel computing technology to address highly-resolved root system architecture (RSA) and coupled hydrobiogeochemical processes in soil. The new simulation capability was demonstrated on a model grass, Brachypodium distachyon . Results In our simulation, the availability of water and nutrients for root uptake is controlled by the interplay between 1) transpiration-driven cycles of water uptake, root zone saturation and desaturation; 2) hydraulic redistribution; 3) multicomponent competitive ion exchange; 4) buildup of ions not taken up during kinetic nutrient uptake; and 5) advection, dispersion, and diffusion of ions in the soil. The uptake of water and ions by individual roots leads to dynamic, local gradients in ion concentrations. Conclusion By integrating the processes that control the fluxes of water and nutrients in the rhizosphere, the modeling capability we developed will enable exploration of alternative RSAs and function to advance the understanding of the coupled hydro-biogeochemical processes within the rhizosphere.

Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous biogenic amines found in all living organisms from bacteria to Archaea, and Eukaryotes including plants and animals. Since the first description of putrescine conjugate, feruloyl-putrescine (originally called subaphylline), from grapefruit leaves and juice, many research studies have highlighted the importance of PAs in growth, development, and other physiological processes in citrus plants. PAs appear to be involved in a wide range of physiological processes in citrus plants; however, their exact roles are not fully understood. Accordingly, in the present review, we discuss the biosynthesis of PAs in citrus plants, with an emphasis on the recent advances in identifying and characterizing PAs-biosynthetic genes and other upstream regulatory genes involved in transcriptional regulation of PAs metabolism. In addition, we will discuss the recent metabolic, genetic, and molecular evidence illustrating the roles of PAs metabolism in citrus physiology including somatic embryogenesis; root system formation, morphology, and architecture; plant growth and shoot system architecture; inflorescence, flowering, and flowering-associated events; fruit set, development, and quality; stomatal closure and gas-exchange; and chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis. We believe that the molecular and biochemical understanding of PAs metabolism and their physiological roles in citrus plants will help citrus breeding programs to enhance tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses and provide bases for further research into potential applications.

Get familiar with the principles and techniques for designing cost-effective and scalable cloud-native apps with microservices Key Features ? Gain a comprehensive understanding of the key concepts and strategies involved in building successful cloud-native microservices applications. ? Discover the practical techniques and methodologies for implementing cloud-native microservices. ? Get insights and best practices for implementing cloud-native microservices. Description Microservices-based cloud-native applications are software applications that combine the architectural principles of microservices with the advantages of cloud-native infrastructure and services. If you want to build scalable, resilient, and agile software solutions that can adapt to the dynamic needs of the modern digital landscape, then this book is for you. This comprehensive guide explores the world of cloud-native microservices and their impact on modern application design. The book covers fundamental principles, adoption frameworks, design patterns, and communication strategies specific to microservices. It then emphasizes on the benefits of scalability, fault tolerance, and resource utilization. Furthermore, the book also addresses event-driven data management, serverless approaches, and security by design. All in all, this book is an essential resource that will help you to leverage the power of microservices in your cloud-native applications. By the end of the book, you will gain valuable insights into building scalable, resilient, and future-proof applications in the era of digital transformation. What you will learn ? Gain insight into the fundamental principles and frameworks that form the foundation of modern application design. ? Explore a comprehensive collection of design patterns tailored specifically for microservices architecture. ? Discover a variety of strategies and patterns to effectively facilitate communication between microservices, ensuring efficient collaboration within the system. ? Learn about event-driven data management techniques that enable real-time processing and efficient handling of data in a distributed microservices environment. ? Understand the significance of security-by-design principles and acquire strategies for ensuring the security of microservices architectures. Who this book is for This book is suitable for cloud architects, developers, and practitioners who are interested in learning about design patterns and strategies for building, testing, and deploying cloud-native microservices. It is also valuable for techno-functional roles, solution experts, pre-sales professionals, and anyone else seeking practical knowledge of cloud-native microservices. Table of Contents 1. Cloud-Native Microservices 2. Modern Application Design Principles 3. Microservice Adoption Framework 4. Design Patterns for Microservices 5. Cloud-Powered Microservices 6. Monolith to Microservices Case Study 7. Inter-Service Communication 8. Event-Driven Data Management 9. The Serverless Approach 10. Cloud Microservices - Security by Design 11. Cloud Migration Strategy

Currently, abnormality detection and/or prediction is a very hot topic. In this paper, we addressed it in the frame of activity monitoring of a human in bed. This paper presents a comprehensive formulation of a requirements engineering dossier for a monitoring system of a “human in bed” for abnormal behavior detection and forecasting. Hereby, practical and real-world constraints and concerns were identified and taken into consideration in the requirements dossier. A comprehensive and holistic discussion of the anomaly concept was extensively conducted and contributed to laying the ground for a realistic specifications book of the anomaly detection system. Some systems engineering relevant issues were also briefly addressed, e.g., verification and validation. A structured critical review of the relevant literature led to identifying four major approaches of interest. These four approaches were evaluated from the perspective of the requirements dossier. It was thereby clearly demonstrated that the approach integrating graph networks and advanced deep-learning schemes (Graph-DL) is the one capable of fully fulfilling the challenging issues expressed in the real-world conditions aware specification book. Nevertheless, to meet immediate market needs, systems based on advanced statistical methods, after a series of adaptations, already ensure and satisfy the important requirements related to, e.g., low cost, solid data security and a fully embedded and self-sufficient implementation. To conclude, some recommendations regarding system architecture and overall systems engineering were formulated.

The current mobile communications could not satisfy the explosive data requirement of users. This paper reviews the frontier technology of software definition networks (SDN) of 5G and 6G, including system architecture, resource management, mobility management, interference management, challenges, and open issues. First of all, the system architectures of 5G and 6G mobile networks are introduced based on SDN technologies. Then typical SDN-5G/6G application scenarios and key issues are discussed. We also focus on mobility management approaches in mobile networks. Besides, three types of mobility management mechanism in software defined 5G/6G are described and compared. We then summarize the current interference management techniques in wireless cellular networks. Next, we provide a brief survey of interference management method in SDN-5G/6G. Additionally, considering the challenges, we discuss mm-Wave spectrum, un-availability of popular channel model, massive MIMO, low latency and QoE, energy efficiency, scalability, mobility and routing, inter operability, standardization and security for software defined 5G/6G networks.