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Study of GaN Thick Films Grown on Different Nitridated Gasub.2Osub.3 Films
In this paper, various Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3] films, including amorphous Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3] films, β-Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3], and α-Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3] epitaxial films, have been nitridated and converted to single-crystalline GaN layers on the surface. Although the original Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3] films are different, all the converted GaN layers exhibit the (002) preferred orientation and the porous morphologies. The ~200 µm GaN thick films have been grown on the nitridated Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3] films using the halide vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) method. Raman analysis indicates that all the HVPE-GaN films grown on nitridated Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3] films are almost stress-free. An obvious GaN porous layer/Ga[sub.2]O[sub.3] structure has been observed in the interface between GaN thick films and sapphire substrates. The porous GaN layers can be used as promising templates for the preparation of free-standing GaN substrates.
Journal Article
\Tao Attained Within the Body\: An Ontological Interpretation of Zhuangzi's Concept of the Body
Liu Hongdian was a disciple of Liu Yuan, founder of the Huaixuan School during the Qing Dynasty; his A Concise Commentary on the Zhuangzi (Zhuangzi Yuejie) serves as the core text for the school's interpretation of the Zhuangzi. Liu Hongdian's notion of \"Tao attained within the body\" reveals the body's unique role as the core field for embodying the Tao in Zhuangzi's philosophy. In Zhuangzi's philosophical framework, the body is not merely a physical entity, but rather an ontological existence which integrates xing (form), gi (energy), and shen (spirit) and serves as both the totality of a living being and the field in which the Tao manifests. However, within traditional scholarship, when examining Zhuangzi's assertions such as \"leaving the physical form and depriving of the mind\" and \"casting off the limb and trunk,\" researchers have frequently obscured or misconstrued the ontological value of the body and its pivotal function in regard to embodying the Tao. By analyzing the dynamism between form and mind, this study aims to elucidate the body as a living totality of form and spirit. Using gi as a connecting thread, this research demonstrates that the body is the concrete manifestation of the Tao, thereby clarifying the tripartite relationship among the Tao, qi, and the body. Furthermore, predicated upon the isomorphism between the body and the Tao at the structural, operational, and essential levels, this study proposes a pragmatic methodology for embodying the Tao through the dual paths of \"preserving the body\" and \"nourishing gi.\" Finally, this study reveals that the Tao is not without but within the body.
Journal Article
The transport of reading : text and understanding in the world of Tao Qian (365-427)
\"This book uses questions concerning address and understanding in Tao Qian's poetry as a lens through which to explore both the poet and the cultures of reading and interpretation of the Six Dynasties classicist tradition\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Choosing to Be Simple
Navigating the uncertainty of a divided China wracked by warfare and corruption, Tao Yuanming's poetry-expertly translated by Red Pine-chooses the path walked by China's ancient sages, finding joy in living a simple life. The latest work in Red Pine's rich career of translation, Choosing to be Simple: Collected Poems of Tao Yuanming, is a definitive portrait of the early Chinese politician and poet. Thoroughly researched and beautifully translated, this bilingual collection of over 160 verses chronicles Tao Yuanming's path from civil servant to reclusive poet during the formative Six Dynasties period (220-589). Familiar scenes like farming and contemplating the nature of work and writing are examined with intimate honesty. As Red Pine illuminates Tao Yuanming's sensitive voice, we find the poet's solace and sorrow in a China transformed by modernity. Tao Yuanming's distinct verse shows a keen attention to rhythm as he explores the tension of scarcity and indulgence, duty and escape. Reverberating with clarity and sincerity and laced with humor, the poems of Choosing to Be Simple portray a man's timeless desire to live by the principles enshrined by China's sages. Guided by Tao Yuanming's own wonderment, we, too, find ourselves asking: \"Why did I ever question my heart\"? We are encouraged to find joy in simplicity-the tending of a garden, the sharing of wine with a stranger.
eBook
FeNi-Based Aerogels Containing FeNisub.3 Nanoclusters Embedded with a Crystalline–Amorphous Heterojunction as High-Efficiency Oxygen Evolution Catalysts
In green hydrogen production via water electrolysis, catalysts with multiscale nanostructures synthesized by compositing micro-heterojunctions and nanoporous structures exhibit excellent electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. Moreover, they are the most promising non-noble metal catalysts. Herein, FeNi-based aerogels with a three-dimensional nanoporous structure and amorphous matrix embedded with FeNi[sub.3] nanoclusters were synthesized via wet chemical reduction coprecipitation. The FeNi[sub.3] nanoclusters and the FeNi-based amorphous matrix formed a crystalline–amorphous heterojunction. These aerogels exhibited excellent OER performance and electrocatalytic stability in alkaline electrolytes. In 1 mol/L of KOH electrolyte, the as-synthesized aerogel exhibited an overpotential of 262 mV at a current density of 20 mA cm[sup.−2] with a Tafel slope of only 46 mV dec[sup.−1]. It also demonstrated excellent stability during a 12 h chronopotentiometry test.
Journal Article
Improved Photothermal Heating of NaNdFsub.4 Microcrystals via Low-Level Doping of Smsup.3+ for Thermal-Responsive Upconversion Luminescence Anti-Counterfeiting
This work reports the light-to-heat conversion (LHC) behavior of NaNdF[sub.4] doped with Sm[sup.3+]. Due to the cross-relaxation between Nd[sup.3+] and Sm[sup.3+], the improved LHC is obtainable by introducing 5% Sm[sup.3+]. When the laser power density is only 1.72 W/cm[sup.2], the spot temperature of NaNdF[sub.4]:5%Sm[sup.3+] powder reaches as high as 138.7 ± 4.04 °C. More importantly, the photoheating response to the pump laser has favorable linear characteristics within a specific power range. A simple physical model is applied to analyze the relationship between photothermal heating and pump power. Finally, the temperature-responsive luminescence anti-counterfeiting is designed by combining the LHC material with the NaYF[sub.4]:Yb[sup.3+]/Ho[sup.3+]/Ce[sup.3+] microcrystals. This novel strategy only requires two laser beams, and thus is more convenient to apply.
Journal Article