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\"Edited by two experts in this field, this book covers the design of aircrafts for the comfort and well being of the passenger. It includes strategies and guidelines for maximizing comfort, the design of aircrafts including cockpit design, and the training and work schedules for flight attendants and pilots\"-- Provided by publisher.

During day-to-day use, thousands of lives are lost each year due to accidents, directly or indirectly, resulting from poor transportation system reliability and safety. In the United States, automobile accidents alone result in around 42,000 deaths per year, costing billions of dollars to the economy each year. A common subject in journal articles and conference proceedings, most of the recent research on transportation systems reliability and safety is scattered in different resources. Until now. Drawing together the latest research spread throughout the literature, this book eliminates the need to consult many different and diverse sources to obtain up-to-date information and research. It contains a chapter on mathematical concepts and another chapter on reliability and safety basics that form a foundation for understanding the contents of subsequent chapters. The book also presents a chapter devoted to methods for performing transportation system reliability and safety analysis. It includes a reference section at the end of each chapter for readers who wish to delve deeper into a specific area. The author clearly and concisely covers topics in such a manner that readers require no previous knowledge to understand the concepts. He provides examples and their solutions as well as numerous problems at the end of each chapter to test reader comprehension. The presentation of historical information paired with recent research give readers a foundation for understanding where the field is now and snapshot of where it may be going.

The expert contributors explore how decisions are made at different stages in mega-projects and the multi-actor relationships between public and private partners. They evaluate the perspectives and pitfalls in determining the costs and benefits of a mega-project ex ante, and examine the wider impacts of mega-projects, including issues such as regional growth, energy transition and climate change. Although the focus is on the advanced economies of North America, Europe, and Australia, much of the material is useful for other parts of the world where large transport infrastructure projects are currently underway or will be developed in the coming years. Providing crucial background information for those who want to understand decision-making processes on large transport infrastructure projects, this fascinating Handbook will prove an important source of information for academics, researchers and students in the fields of transport, infrastructure, project management, management science, economic analysis (cost-benefit analysis), public policy, environmental policy and ethics. Practitioners, politicians and policymakers involved in large transport infrastructure projects will also find this book to be an invaluable reference tool. -- Publisher description.

Corynebacterium glutamicum has a long and successful history in the biotechnological production of the amino acids l-glutamate and l-lysine. In the recent years, C. glutamicum has been engineered for the production of a broad catalog of value-added compounds including organic acids, vitamins, terpenoids and proteins. Moreover, this bacterium has been engineered to realize a flexible carbon source concept enabling product formation from various second generation feedstocks without competing uses in human and animal nutrition. In this review, we highlight transport engineering to improve product export and substrate uptake or to avoid loss of intermediates by excretion as well as the application of new metabolic engineering concepts for C. glutamicum strain development including the use of designed synthetic Escherichiacoli-C. glutamicum consortia. As examples, pathway extension of l-lysine and l-glutamate biosynthesis to produce derived value-added chemicals is described. The described examples of C. glutamicum strain engineering reflect strategies to cope with the increasing complexity of biotechnological processes that are required for successful applications in the bioeconomy.

\"The book explodes the myths that currently drive society's view of traffic safety and limit progress in reducing death and serious injury. It presents current scientific knowledge in a non-technical way and draws parallels with other areas of public safety and public health. It uses examples from the media and from public policy debates to paint a clear picture of a flawed public policy approach and offers preventive medicine principles to take the field forward\"-- Provided by publisher.

Escherichia coli is the best-known model for the biotechnological production of many biotechnological products, including housekeeping and heterologous primary and secondary metabolites and recombinant proteins, and is an efficient biofactory model to produce biofuels to nanomaterials. Glucose is the primary substrate used as the carbon source for laboratory and industrial cultivation of E. coli for production purposes. Efficient growth and associated production and yield of desired products depend on the efficient sugar transport capabilities, sugar catabolism through the central carbon catabolism, and the efficient carbon flux through specific biosynthetic pathways. The genome of E. coli MG1655 is 4,641,642 bp, corresponding to 4702 genes encoding 4328 proteins. The EcoCyc database describes 532 transport reactions, 480 transporters, and 97 proteins involved in sugar transport. Nevertheless, due to the high number of sugar transporters, E. coli uses preferentially few systems to grow in glucose as the sole carbon source. E. coli nonspecifically transports glucose from the extracellular medium into the periplasmic space through the outer membrane porins. Once in periplasmic space, glucose is transported into the cytoplasm by several systems, including the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS), the ATP-dependent cassette (ABC) transporters, and the major facilitator (MFS) superfamily proton symporters. In this contribution, we review the structures and mechanisms of the E. coli central glucose transport systems, including the regulatory circuits recruiting the specific use of these transport systems under specific growing conditions. Finally, we describe several successful examples of transport engineering, including introducing heterologous and non-sugar transport systems for producing several valuable metabolites.

Purpose. To determine the priorities of the financial and credit support of transport machine building taking into consideration the needs of the national economy, state of marketing environment, and requirements of corporate management. Methodology. The information basis of the study is represented by the statistic data formed according to the classification of economic activity types KVED-2010 in terms of section C “Processing industry”, divisions 29 “Production of motor vehicles, trailers, and semitrailers” and 30 “Production of other transport means”. The research methodology involves analysis of dynamics and structure of production volumes, net profit of the transport engineering enterprises, formalization of trends, evaluation of credit capacity of the industry, and marketing and financial diagnostics. Findings. Key trends in the development of the transport machine-building market within the period of 2012–2020 are generalized: reduction of total production volumes and identification of subindustries-drivers of its growth. Structural shifts in the national economy owing to the growing specific weight of the production of motor vehicles, trailers, semitrailers in terms of prevalence of other transport means (first of all, railway and air ones) are identified. The priorities of financial and credit support of the transport machine building are specified taking into account the needs of civil national economy (railway locomotives and rolling stock, motor vehicles, air- and spacecraft, accompanying facilities) and military economy (military vehicles). To evaluate the objects of credit support, it is proposed to use a concept of credit capacity of an enterprise as its ability of accumulating banking credits on its balances in terms of certain currencies, terms, designated purpose, interest rates etc. as well as their timely servicing and payment. Originality. The scientific and methodological foundations of determining the priorities of financial and credit programme of the transport engineering enterprises are substantiated in the context of market-oriented corporate management, whose advantages are as follows (compared with the current ones): highlighting the time lags of production crisis and after-crisis renovation in the context of industries; determining structural shifts in the field of transport machine building, and identifying the economic activity types being leaders or outsiders in the sphere of financial and credit support of the expanded reproduction on this industry; defining polarization of business entities, being different in their size, according to the financial state and solvency with the focus on competitive advantages or crisis. Practical value. Proposals as for restructuring the activities of the transport engineering enterprises are substantiated basing on marketing diagnostics of the state of their internal and external environment, threats and possibilities in terms of war time, Ukraine’s getting a status of the member for the EU accession, and post-war renovation of the economy. In the framework of market-oriented management of the transport engineering enterprises, certain tendencies in the financial and credit support of their complex innovative development are substantiated.

Assessing the viability of Neoballast on the Coal LineThe need for innovative ways to minimise track geometry deterioration has become vital in recent years. The advantages of utilising rubber in aggregates have led to the development of a new and innovative ballast called Neoballast. The aim of this new ballast is to slow down the rate of degradation and settlement of the ballast layer, thereby reducing the deterioration of the track geometry, with a concomitant reduction in maintenance costs.

The optimization of maintenance intervals is crucial for enhancing efficiency, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness in transport operations. This paper presents a method for optimizing maintenance intervals for vehicles in various modes of transport, focusing on minimizing downtime due to repairs and maintenance. By integrating advanced technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), maintenance intervals are dynamically adjusted using real-time data, resulting in better resource utilization and reduced operational costs. The key findings of this research indicate significant reductions in downtime and maintenance costs, leading to improved efficiency and sustainability across transport modes. Although the case study is based on railway vehicles, the approach is applicable to road, maritime, and air transport as well. By leveraging optimization algorithms, such as machine learning, this solution predicts optimal maintenance timing, thereby reducing resource consumption and improving operational efficiency. The case study on pantograph maintenance demonstrates significant financial savings and reduced waste. This research highlights the benefits of maintenance optimization for sustainability and efficiency across the entire transport sector.

This paper systematically analyzes the extent to which prior research addressed sustainability principles-environmental, social and economic-in road freight transportation (RFT), using the R-based Biblioshiny app and VOSviewer ® for thematic analysis. First, we categorize the factors contributing to transportation sustainability under each principle. Second, we classify existing studies into two perspectives: the adoption of (P1) optimization methods and (P2) Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies to examine how both perspectives contribute to RFT sustainability-an area where prior research partially addressed this goal. Our analysis finds 208 articles from P1 and 198 from P2 over the last decade (2014-2023). This study identifies three factors-carbon emissions, public health and well-being and cost-effectiveness-that have been the most explored in the existing literature. But other factors, such as the utilization of alternative energies (biofuels, compressed natural gas and hydrogen), intermodal transportation, fleet modernization, weight limits or space utilization, vehicle-driver efficiency, community impact, business competitiveness, supply chain performance and regulatory compliance, remain underexplored. Therefore, our findings open numerous possibilities within these less-explored factors, along with highlighting key areas for future studies. Finally, this study contributes to the existing literature by providing an overview of how adopting both perspectives can enhance RFT sustainability.