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Magnetic topological materials represent a class of compounds with properties that are strongly influenced by the topology of their electronic wavefunctions coupled with the magnetic spin configuration. Such materials can support chiral electronic channels of perfect conduction, and can be used for an array of applications, from information storage and control to dissipationless spin and charge transport. Here we review the theoretical and experimental progress achieved in the field of magnetic topological materials, beginning with the theoretical prediction of the quantum anomalous Hall effect without Landau levels, and leading to the recent discoveries of magnetic Weyl semimetals and antiferromagnetic topological insulators. We outline recent theoretical progress that has resulted in the tabulation of, for the first time, all magnetic symmetry group representations and topology. We describe several experiments realizing Chern insulators, Weyl and Dirac magnetic semimetals, and an array of axionic and higher-order topological phases of matter, and we survey future perspectives. Recent theoretical and experimental progress in identifying and understanding magnetic topological materials is reviewed, highlighting the antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi 2 Te 4 and the ferromagnetic Weyl semimetal Co 3 Sn 2 S 2 , and future research directions are discussed.

This research work was carried out with the purpose of evaluating and proposing a sustainable model of human mobilization for the urban center of Sígsig canton, Azuay province, Ecuador; attending to the displacements, means of transfer and reasons for travel. In the same way, the most frequent origin and destination were categorized, which later made it possible to directly conceive the circulation routes and their incidents with the central flow of circulation, both pedestrian and motorized. Based on the collection of information on the requirements that had to be obtained to shape a sustainable model, it was proposed as a starting point for the identification and study of human mobilization, the collection of primary information through direct interview with the analysis of transfer variants and reasons for circulation of a total of 792 people passing through the urban center; allowing to have an approach on the most used means of travel and percentages of circulation, as well as the reference to the reasons for the trips. In the same way, based on secondary information from the PDOT (Territorial Planning Plan) of the Sígsig canton, the connection of the road axes that unload in the urban center was evidenced. Later, in the tabulation and analysis stage, the problems and their possible solutions on mobility and transfer activities were determined, prioritizing the means of transport used. Finally, it was found that a large part of the population tends to move on foot, followed by the use of commercial and private public transport, with a maximum of five passengers. In addition, the most frequent reasons for transfer are for study and work activities; activities that fully influence mobility, therefore, a model based on public transport is recommended that provides service to the most demanding sectors, based on the existing road pattern without breaking into the urban center.

Air pollution contributes to the global burden of disease, with ambient exposure to fine particulate matter of diameters smaller than 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) being identified as the fifth-ranking risk factor for mortality globally 1 . Racial/ethnic minorities and lower-income groups in the USA are at a higher risk of death from exposure to PM 2.5 than are other population/income groups 2 – 5 . Moreover, disparities in exposure to air pollution among population and income groups are known to exist 6 – 17 . Here we develop a data platform that links demographic data (from the US Census Bureau and American Community Survey) and PM 2.5 data 18 across the USA. We analyse the data at the tabulation area level of US zip codes ( N is approximately 32,000) between 2000 and 2016. We show that areas with higher-than-average white and Native American populations have been consistently exposed to average PM 2.5 levels that are lower than areas with higher-than-average Black, Asian and Hispanic or Latino populations. Moreover, areas with low-income populations have been consistently exposed to higher average PM 2.5 levels than areas with high-income groups for the years 2004–2016. Furthermore, disparities in exposure relative to safety standards set by the US Environmental Protection Agency 19 and the World Health Organization 20 have been increasing over time. Our findings suggest that more-targeted PM 2.5 reductions are necessary to provide all people with a similar degree of protection from environmental hazards. Our study is observational and cannot provide insight into the drivers of the identified disparities. Different racial/ethnic populations and income groups are found to have been exposed to different levels of air pollution in the USA during the years 2000 to 2016.

Magnonic systems provide a fertile playground for bosonic topology 1 , for example, Dirac 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 – 6 and Weyl 7 , 8 magnons, leading to a variety of exotic phenomena such as charge-free topologically protected boundary modes 6 , 7 , the magnon thermal Hall effect 9 and the magnon spin Nernst effect 10 . However, their understanding has been hindered by the absence of fundamental symmetry descriptions of magnetic geometries and spin Hamiltonians primarily governed by isotropic Heisenberg interactions. The ensuing magnon dispersions enable gapless magnon band nodes that go beyond the scenario of representation theory of the magnetic space groups 11 , 12 , thus referred to as unconventional magnons. Here we developed spin space group 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 – 17 theory to elucidate collinear magnetic configurations, classifying the 1,421 collinear spin space groups into 4 types, constructing their band representations and providing a comprehensive tabulation of unconventional magnons, such as duodecuple points, octuple nodal lines and charge-4 octuple points. On the basis of the MAGNDATA database 18 , we identified 498 collinear magnets with unconventional magnons, among which more than 200 magnon band structures were obtained by using first-principles calculations and linear spin wave theory. In addition, we evaluated the influence of the spin–orbit-coupling-induced exchange interaction in these magnets and found that more than 80 per cent are predominantly governed by the Heisenberg interactions, indicating that the spin space group serves as an ideal framework for describing magnon band nodes in most 3 d , 4 d and half-filled 4 f collinear magnets. Spin space group theory is applied to identify more than 200 collinear magnets with unconventional magnons; high-throughput calculations with spin–orbit coupling find that most of these unconventional magnets are dictated by the Heisenberg exchange interaction.

Evaluate the quality of this measurement system is possible by using multiple methods, which are described in the methodology guides for evaluation of the measurement system quality. Within these methods, values of different indicators are evaluated. This paper deals with the cross tabulation method and foremost Kappa indicator. More specifically is examined the effect of the number of used nonconforming samples on explanatory power of this indicator. The effect on the kappa values is examined from several aspects that must be taken into account during evaluation of the quality of measurement system for attributive quality characteristics.

Background Physical literacy is a multidimensional concept that describes a holistic foundation for physical activity engagement. Understanding the utilization and effectiveness of physical literacy in the context of health and the health care setting will support clinical and population health programming. The purpose of this rapid scoping review was to: 1) map the conceptualization of physical literacy as it relates to health; 2) identify and describe the utilization of physical literacy in the context of health and engagement of health care providers; and 3) better understand the relationship between physical literacy, physical activity, and health. Methods Following established scoping review methods adapted for a rapid review approach, we searched electronic databases Medline OVID, CINAHL Ebsco, PsycInfo Ebsco, Web of Science ISI, and ERIC Ebsco from conception until September 2019. Tabulation coding was used to identify the key themes across included articles and synthesize findings. The review follows an integrated knowledge translation approach based on a partnership between the health system, community organizations, and researchers. Results Following removal of duplicates, our search identified 475 articles for title and abstract screening. After full text review, 17 articles were included (12 original research papers and five conceptual or review papers). There was near consensus among included papers with 16 of 17 using the Whiteheadian definition of physical literacy. There was limited involvement of health care providers in the concept of physical literacy. Physical literacy was connected to the following health indicators: BMI and body weight, waist circumference, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour. The primary demographic focus of included studies was children and there was a conceptual focus on the physical domain of physical literacy. Conclusions Despite growing popularity, the empirical evidence base linking physical literacy and health outcomes is limited and the relationship remains theoretical. Physical literacy may present a novel and holistic framework for health-enhancing physical activity interventions that consider factors vital to sustained participation in physical activity across the life course. Future work should continue to explore the nature and direction of the relationship between physical activity and physical literacy to identify appropriate focused approaches for health promotion.

IoT has played an essential role in many industries over the last few decades. Recent advancements in the healthcare industry have made it possible to make healthcare accessible to more people and improve their overall health. The next step in healthcare is to integrate it with IoT-assisted wearable sensor systems seamlessly. This review rigorously discusses the various IoT architectures, different methods of data processing, transfer, and computing paradigms. It compiles various communication technologies and the devices commonly used in IoT-assisted wearable sensor systems and deals with its various applications in healthcare and their advantages to the world. A comparative analysis of all the wearable technology in healthcare is also discussed with tabulation of various research and technology. This review also analyses all the problems commonly faced in IoT-assisted wearable sensor systems and the specific issues that need to be tackled to optimize these systems in healthcare and describes the various future implementations that can be made to the architecture and the technology to improve the healthcare industry.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to gain a holistic view of pro-environmental behavior (PEB) among hospitality and tourism consumers through a systematic review of empirical studies. Based on this comprehensive review, this study demonstrates how the literature has been created and has evolved over time, thereby providing proposals for future research agendas. Design/methodology/approach The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses method was used as a rigorous searching method to provide an updated picture of the research on the PEBs of consumers in hospitality and tourism contexts. A total of 234 empirical studies from both hospitality and nonhospitality publications were selected for the review. Findings The results reveal a growing interest in PEB in the hospitality and tourism context. Focal points, theories and research designs used to explain PEB among hospitality and tourism consumers were identified. In addition, the findings from the cross-tabulation analyses have provided valuable insights for tourism and hospitality research in this area. Research limitations/implications Based on the research findings, this study makes significant contributions to the literature by providing theoretical and practical implications with detailed directions for future researchers and practitioners. Originality/value This study offers one of the first reviews to comprehensively and systematically analyze the empirical research into PEBs among hospitality and tourism consumers. PEB has received significant attention from researchers, practitioners and those policymakers concerned with the sustainability of environments. The findings of this research provide a comprehensive overview of the literature relating to hospitality and tourism through the identification of gaps that require further investigation. Future suggestions to assist practitioners and policymakers in eliciting PEBs are also discussed.

The Sparse Johnson-Lindenstrauss Transform of Kane and Nelson (SODA 2012) provides a linear dimensionality-reducing map \\(A ın R^m u\\) in \\(_2\\) that preserves distances up to distortion of \\(1 + \\) with probability \\(1 - \\), where \\(m = O(^-2 1/)\\) and each column of \\(A\\) has \\(O( m)\\) non-zero entries. The previous analyses of the Sparse Johnson-Lindenstrauss Transform all assumed access to a \\(( 1/)\\)-wise independent hash function. The main contribution of this paper is a more general analysis of the Sparse Johnson-Lindenstrauss Transform with less assumptions on the hash function. We also show that the Mixed Tabulation hash function of Dahlgaard, Knudsen, Rotenberg, and Thorup (FOCS 2015) satisfies the conditions of our analysis, thus giving us the first analysis of a Sparse Johnson-Lindenstrauss Transform that works with a practical hash function.

PurposeNumerous research tools exist but their usage among researchers across the different phases of the research cycle of scholarly communication remains unknown. This research aims to address this knowledge gap by mapping the research tools frequently used by global researchers against the various phases of the research cycle of scholarly communication.Design/methodology/approachThis research adopts a descriptive research design and conducts a cross-tabulation of secondary data consisting of 20,663 useable responses in a global survey of research tools for scholarly communication. This research also administered a survey to academic experts to classify the research tools according to traditional, modern, innovative and experimental categories.FindingsThis research reveals the six phases of the research cycle (i.e. discovery, analysis, writing, publication, outreach and assessment) and the research tools of scholarly communication frequently used by researchers worldwide in each phase as a whole and by roles, disciplines, regions and career stages. Notably, this research indicates that most of the research tools used by researchers are classified as “modern” and “innovative”.Originality/valueThe original insights herein should be useful for both established and early career researchers to gain and share research insights, as well as policymakers and existing and aspiring service providers who wish to improve the utility and usage of research tools for scholarly communication. Notably, this research represents a seminal endeavor at enhancing a global survey (secondary research) using a follow-up expert survey (primary research), which enabled the organization of research tools for scholarly communication into four refined categories. In doing so, this research contributes finer-grained insights that showcase the importance of keeping up with the advancement of technology through the use of modern, innovative and experimental research tools, thereby highlighting the need to go beyond traditional research tools for scholarly communication.