Explore the vast range of titles available.

In 2020, over 10,000 bird strikes were reported in the USA, with average repair costs exceeding$200 million annually, rising to $ 1.2 billion worldwide. These collisions of avifauna with airplanes pose a significant threat to human safety and wildlife. This article presents a system dedicated to monitoring the space over an airport and is used to localize and identify moving objects. The solution is a stereovision based real-time bird protection system, which uses IoT and distributed computing concepts together with advanced HMI to provide the setup’s flexibility and usability. To create a high degree of customization, a modified stereovision system with freely oriented optical axes is proposed. To provide a market tailored solution affordable for small and medium size airports, a user-driven design methodology is used. The mathematical model is implemented and optimized in MATLAB. The implemented system prototype is verified in a real environment. The quantitative validation of the system performance is carried out using fixed-wing drones with GPS recorders. The results obtained prove the system’s high efficiency for detection and size classification in real-time, as well as a high degree of localization certainty.

This chapter looks at how product and service offerings to private individuals can best be adapted to serve clients in an increasingly complex and challenging environment. The future belongs to banks that can position themselves by having a sophisticated advisory process in place, which allows the particular client's needs and goals to be translated into a tailor‐made, compliant investment solution. The range of products and services has increased partly, which was possible due to advances in technology. That enabled more and more niche products to be created and distributed globally at very low cost. The legal obligations arising from the client relationship will become an increasingly important aspect when it comes to organising the wealth management business. The level of advice given to the client in each case will be governed by a service agreement or umbrella contract. This will in many ways be considerably different from the general terms and conditions used by banks today.

Additive manufacturing enables the creation of architected lattices with tailored mechanical responses, yet conventional geometry‐driven designs often suffer from structural redundancy and limited adaptability. Here, spatially continuous material gradients are introduced into body‐centered cubic (BCC) truss and Gyroid triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) lattices using a custom laser powder bed fusion platform capable of alloy composition control. This strategy decouples mechanical tuning from geometry, enabling programmable deformation through material distribution alone. Compression experiments reveal that continuous gradients fundamentally reconfigure the collapse mechanism, guiding a stable plastic front from softer to stiffer regions. This controlled strain propagation enhances structural performance, increasing plateau stress and energy absorption by up to 23.6% and 25.4% in BCC lattices, and 9.8% and 12% in Gyroid structures, respectively, compared to sharp‐interface counterparts. These improvements arise from suppressed localization and stabilized plastic flow, effectively imparting an emergent strain‐hardening behavior at the macroscale, even in base alloys with limited intrinsic hardening. These findings establish material gradients as a powerful design axis for metamaterials, advancing beyond passive shape optimization toward active, composition‐driven performance control. This study employs material gradients in lattice structures via alloy‐controlled additive manufacturing, decoupling mechanical behavior from geometry. Gradients guide stable plastic fronts, enhancing plateau stress and energy absorption by up to 25.4%. The approach suppresses failure localization and induces strain hardening, establishing composition‐driven control as a new mechanism for strengthening architected structures.

This research study aims to remove methyl violet from aqueous solutions with a novel composite. The composite was synthesized by magnetite nanoparticles decorated with amino-silane, graphene oxide, and grafted chitosan-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid. The adsorbent was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, EDX, elemental mapping, TGA, VSM, and BET. The Central Composite Design was used for planning the adsorption experiments. The maximum dye removal was equal to 94.87% for an initial dye concentration of 10.0 mg L−1. The coulombic attraction, H-bonding, and pi stacking interactions were proposed as the key factors for dye removal. The initial pH and temperature were fixed at 9.8 and 52.3 °C and the adsorbent dosage was 2.0 g L−1 in the kinetics and equilibrium studies. The adsorption process was almost completed within five min. The modified pseudo-n-order model was the best equation to fit the kinetics data. It was demonstrated that film diffusion was the rate-limiting step at the initial stages of dye removal after which the dye adsorption was the rate-determining step. The equilibrium data was fitted by modified Langmuir–Freundlich isotherm and the maximum equilibrium adsorption was 243.8 mg g−1. Besides, the composite recovery was done by a low amount of acidic eluent. The adsorption efficiency did not change even after five desorption-adsorption cycles.Graphic abstract

New approaches to medication adherence interventions are needed. This manuscript presents a highly structured protocol of a single-session solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) for medication adherence intervention (SFBT-MAI) delivered by general providers. It conceptually integrates the procedure of tailored interventions, techniques of SFBT, and the four steps of Qitang Lin' conceptualization of single-session SFBT. With specific techniques and examples to reduce operational difficulties, the SFBT-MAI includes two parts. The first part focuses on selecting non-adherent patients and clarifying their barriers to medication adherence. The second part focuses on individualized interventions with four steps: closing, hoping, empowering, and changing and acting. It is hoped that this work will improve the effectiveness of medication adherence interventions for patients with coronary heart disease and to promote the use of brief psychological interventions in clinical practice. Keywords: medication adherence, tailored intervention, psychological intervention, solution-focused brief therapy, general provider, coronary heart disease

This study explores cost-effective and customized composite applications by strategically placing carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastics in multi-material designs. The focus is on developing a model for the simultaneous processing of non-reinforced and reinforced thermoplastic layers, with the aim of identifying essential parameters to minimize insert flow and ensure desired fiber orientation and positional integrity. The analysis involves an analytical solution for two layered power-law fluids in a squeeze flow setup, aiming to model the combined flow behavior of Newtonian and pseudo-plastic fluids, highlighting the impact of the non-Newtonian nature. The behavior reveals a non-linear trend in the radial flow ratio towards the logarithmic consistency index ratio compared to a linear trend for Newtonian fluids. While a plateau regime of consistency index ratios presents challenges in flow reduction for both layers, exceeding this ratio, depending on the height ratio of the layers, enables a viable overmolding process. Therefore, attention is required when selectively placing tailored composites with long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics or unidirectional reinforcements to avoid operating in the plateau region, which can be managed through appropriate cavity or tool designs.

Novel potentiometric devices “ion-selective electrodes (ISEs)” were designed and characterized for the detection of 17β-estradiol (EST) hormone. The selective membranes were based on the use of man-tailored biomimics (i.e., molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs)) as recognition ionophores. The synthesized MIPs include a functional monomer (methacrylic acid (MAA)) and a cross-linker (ethylene glycol dimethacrylic acid (EGDMA)) in their preparation. Changes in the membrane potential induced by the dissociated 17β-estradiol were investigated in 50 mM CO32−/HCO3− buffer solution at pH 10.5. The ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) exhibited fast response and good sensitivity towards 17β-estradiol with a limit of detection 1.5 µM over a linear range starts from 2.5 µM with an anionic response of 61.2 ± 1.2 mV/decade. The selectivity pattern of the proposed ISEs was also evaluated and revealed an enhanced selectivity towards EST over several phenolic compounds. Advantages revealed by the presented sensor (i.e., wide range of assay, enhanced accuracy and precision, low limit of detection, good selectivity, long-term potential stability, rapid response and long life-span and absence of any sample pretreatment steps) suggest its use in routine quality control/quality assurance tests. They were successfully applied to estradiol determination in biological fluids and in different pharmaceutical preparations collected from the local market.

Tailored foods are specifically suitable for target groups of people with particular nutritional needs. Although most research on tailored foods has been focused on increasing the nutrient content in plant tissues (biofortification), in populations with specific physiological conditions, it is recommended to reduce the uptake of specific nutrients in order to improve their health. People affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) must limit their consumption of vegetables because of the generally high potassium (K) content in the edible parts. This study aimed to define an appropriate production technique for two baby leaf vegetables, spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris), with reduced K tissue content, minimizing the negative effects on their crop performance and overall nutritional quality. Plants were grown in a hydroponic floating system. The K concentration in the nutrient solution (NS) was reduced from 200 mg/L (K200, the concentration usually used for growing baby leaf vegetables in hydroponic conditions) to 50 mg/L over the entire growing cycle (K50) or only during the seven days before harvest (K50-7d). The reduction of K in the NS resulted in a significant decrease of K tissue content in both species (32% for K50 and 10% for K50-7d, on average), while it did not, in general, compromise the crop performance and quality traits or the bioaccessibility of K, magnesium, and calcium. The production of reduced-potassium leafy vegetables is a feasible tailored nutrition approach for CKD patients in order to take advantage of the positive effects of vegetable consumption on health without excessively increasing potassium intake.

In order to reduce the intermetallic compounds formed during the application of an Al–7Ni wt % hot-dip multifunctional coating on boron steel, developed for Tailor Welded Blanks (TWB) and hot stamping, 2–6 wt % Si was added to the coating to change the reaction layer. The coating was run at 690 °C for 120 s. Al9FeNi phases were formed on the steel interface, Fe2Al5 was formed on the steel, FeAl3 was generated between the existing layers, and flake-type Al2Fe3Si3 was formed in the Fe2Al5 phase, depending on the Si content. In addition, as Si was added to the coating, the thickness of the Fe2Al5 phase decreased and the thickness of the Al9FeNi phase and Al2Fe3Si3 increased. The decrease in the thickness of the Fe2Al5 phase was mainly due to the effect of the Si solid solution and the Al2Fe3Si3 formation in the Fe2Al5 phase. The reason for the growth of Al9FeNi is that the higher the Si content in the coating, the more the erosion of the interface of the steel material due to the coating solution. Therefore, the outflow of Fe into the coating liquid increased.

Vehicle weight reduction has been identified as one of the most effective ways of achieving reduced energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the automotive industry. Aluminium has been used as a lightweight replacement to steel in the automotive industries for many years. In addition to the high specific strength, the formability of high-strength sheet aluminium is increased significantly at elevated temperatures. New manufacturing technologies that allow forming of high and ultra-high strength aluminium alloys have emerged recently. One such technology is HFQ® - solution heat treatment, forming and in-die quenching which combines material tempering with mechanical deformation. In this article, firstly, HFQ® Technology is used when forming a uniform thickness blank and, secondly, further benefits are shown when combining the HFQ® technology with friction stir welding. The friction stir welded AA6082 tailor welded blanks (TWBs), with gauge of 2.0-3.0 mm have been prepared and successfully formed into automotive components using the HFQ® process. The recent advances in the FE analysis and the implementation of a novel CDM model in industrial applications of the HFQ® process has been described. This paper presents the use of CDM, integrated into FEA package Pam-Stamp, to accurately predict the forming of an automotive tailor welded cross member panel.